Concept explainers
To describe: The reason why we don’t see the new species evolving all the time when the process of
Introduction: Speciation is an evolutionary process by which the lineages split into new or distinct species. Generally, there are four types of speciation including allopatric, sympatric, parapatric, and quantum speciation
To describe: The reason how the new species not evolves all the time due to the time interval between the speciation events is related to the concern about the current high rate of extinction of earth’s species.
Introduction: The process which leads to splitting of a single species into two or more new species is called as “speciation”. The new species thus formed are genetically independent from each other and leads to evolution
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Study Guide for Campbell Biology
- A population of chipmunks lives across the length of a valley in the mountains. One day a large section of the mountain breaks off, and the resulting rockslide divides the valley in half. Over time, the chipmunks on either side of the rockslide evolve and become different species. What type of speciation is this?arrow_forwardCompare the forms of speciation that are slow to those that occur more rapidly. Make a list of the slow and fast forms. With regard to mechanisms of genetic change, what features do slow and rapid speciation have in common? What features are different?arrow_forwardHow does one species diverge from another? (When do we call a group a new species—and how does that process happen?) Using anole lizards or another very specific example(s), compare and contrast microevolutionary processes with speciation. As you discuss speciation, be sure to compare and contrast sympatric speciation with allopatric speciation and say whether the example you’ve chosen is allopatric or sympatric.arrow_forward
- What is speciation? List any two events that lead to speciation?arrow_forwardThere is a fish species that lives in a lake. As the fish population grows, competition for food increases and a group of fish locates a new food source at a different depth in the lake. Over time, two populations with distinct morphologies that allow them to eat various food sources begins to occur in the lake. Which type of speciation (allopatric or sympatric) will mostly likely occur? Why?arrow_forward13 of 14 Scientists studying a population of fruit flies observe that a small percentage of the population mates in the morning while the rest of the population mates at night. Scientists predict that, over time, the population that mates in the morning and the population that mates at night will become different species. Which of the following best supports the scientists' prediction that speciation will occur in the fruit fly population? There will be fewer offspring produced in the population of fruit flies that mates in the morning than in the population of fruit flies that mates at night. There will be structural differences in the reproductive organs of the fruit flies in the population that mates in the morning and those of the fruit flies in the population that mates at night. There will be increasing geographic isolation betweenarrow_forward
- The Galapagos Islands are inhabited by organisms that are similar to the organisms on the mainland of South America but they have specific characteristics that set them apart. One of the most famous groups of organisms that has been studied has been the finches. There are at least 13 different species of ground finches found throughout the Galapagos, most likely all coming from a common ancestor that arrived from the mainland of South America in the distant past. Which of the following explanation accurately explains the variation of finches on the Galapagos Islands? Question options: Divergent evolution has occurred because the finches all share characteristics that are similar to the common ancestor but differ because each species occupies different niches that require different characteristics to survive. Convergent evolution has occurred because the finches do not share characteristics that are similar to the common ancestor and differ because each species occupies…arrow_forwardWhat is the significance of the process of speciation to change in population from generation to generation? Explain the meaning of the theory referred to as "survival of the fittest". Why are the concepts of adaptations, survival and extinction closely related?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about sympatric speciation is correct? It is a process through which two populations can diverge and develop reproductive isolation while in two different geographic area. It is the most common mechanism for populations to form independent species. Postzygotic isolation is the main form of reproductive isolation for the sympatric speciation process. Genetic isolation through large scale chromosomal mutations, such as chromosome inversion or polyploidy, are more likely contributing to sympatric speciation. None of the abovearrow_forward
- Two hundred years ago, the fly species Rhagoletis pomonella only laid its eggs on fruit of the hawthorn tree. Today, different "host races" of R. pomonella lay their eggs on hawthorns OR apples. Apples occur within the range of hawthorns, so divergence between apple flies and hawthorn flies could be the first step in sympatric speciation. Choose the evidence that would suggest that R. pomonella is currently undergoing sympatric speciation. Check ALL answers that apply. A. Apple flies and hawthorn flies are able to form fertile hybrids. B. Apple flies and hawthorn flies are physically indistinguishable from each other. C. Apple flies typically mate with apple flies, and hawthorn flies typically mate with hawthorn flies. D. Apple flies and hawthorn flies emerge from their hosts at different times of the year.arrow_forwardOne way to prevent a small population of a plant or animal species from going extinct is to deliberately introduce some individuals from a large population of the same species into the smaller population. In terms of the evolutionary mechanisms discussed in this chapter, what are the potential benefits and drawbacks of transferring individuals from one population to another? Do you think biologists and concerned citizens should take such actions?arrow_forwardSpeciation can occur when two populations of a species become separated from each other. What is the best explanation for why speciation occurs?arrow_forward
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