Mode of decay has to be predicted for 92 238 U . Concept Introduction: Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability. Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β − decay. Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e − capture and/or β + decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e − capture whereas lighter elements undergo β + emission. Nuclides having Z > 83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 24.20P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mode of decay has to be predicted for 92238U.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability.

Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β− decay.

Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e− capture and/or β+ decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e− capture whereas lighter elements undergo β+ emission.

Nuclides having Z>83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mode of decay has to be predicted for 2448Cr.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability.

Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β− decay.

Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e− capture and/or β+ decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e− capture whereas lighter elements undergo β+ emission.

Nuclides having Z>83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mode of decay has to be predicted for 2550Mn.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability.

Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β− decay.

Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e− capture and/or β+ decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e− capture whereas lighter elements undergo β+ emission.

Nuclides having Z>83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 24.20P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mode of decay has to be predicted for 92238U.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability.

Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β− decay.

Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e− capture and/or β+ decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e− capture whereas lighter elements undergo β+ emission.

Nuclides having Z>83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mode of decay has to be predicted for 2448Cr.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability.

Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β− decay.

Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e− capture and/or β+ decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e− capture whereas lighter elements undergo β+ emission.

Nuclides having Z>83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mode of decay has to be predicted for 2550Mn.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability.

Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β− decay.

Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e− capture and/or β+ decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e− capture whereas lighter elements undergo β+ emission.

Nuclides having Z>83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 24.20P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mode of decay has to be predicted for 92238U.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability.

Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β− decay.

Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e− capture and/or β+ decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e− capture whereas lighter elements undergo β+ emission.

Nuclides having Z>83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mode of decay has to be predicted for 2448Cr.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability.

Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β− decay.

Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e− capture and/or β+ decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e− capture whereas lighter elements undergo β+ emission.

Nuclides having Z>83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mode of decay has to be predicted for 2550Mn.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability.

Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β− decay.

Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e− capture and/or β+ decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e− capture whereas lighter elements undergo β+ emission.

Nuclides having Z>83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 24.20P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mode of decay has to be predicted for 92238U.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability.

Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β− decay.

Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e− capture and/or β+ decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e− capture whereas lighter elements undergo β+ emission.

Nuclides having Z>83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mode of decay has to be predicted for 2448Cr.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability.

Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β− decay.

Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e− capture and/or β+ decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e− capture whereas lighter elements undergo β+ emission.

Nuclides having Z>83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mode of decay has to be predicted for 2550Mn.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability.

Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β− decay.

Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e− capture and/or β+ decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e− capture whereas lighter elements undergo β+ emission.

Nuclides having Z>83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

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Answer 5

Chapter 24, Problem 24.20P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mode of decay has to be predicted for 92238U.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability.

Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β− decay.

Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e− capture and/or β+ decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e− capture whereas lighter elements undergo β+ emission.

Nuclides having Z>83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mode of decay has to be predicted for 2448Cr.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability.

Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β− decay.

Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e− capture and/or β+ decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e− capture whereas lighter elements undergo β+ emission.

Nuclides having Z>83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mode of decay has to be predicted for 2550Mn.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability.

Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β− decay.

Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e− capture and/or β+ decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e− capture whereas lighter elements undergo β+ emission.

Nuclides having Z>83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

Answer 6

Chapter 24, Problem 24.20P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mode of decay has to be predicted for 92238U.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability.

Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β− decay.

Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e− capture and/or β+ decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e− capture whereas lighter elements undergo β+ emission.

Nuclides having Z>83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

Answer 7

Chapter 24, Problem 24.20P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mode of decay has to be predicted for 92238U.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability.

Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β− decay.

Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e− capture and/or β+ decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e− capture whereas lighter elements undergo β+ emission.

Nuclides having Z>83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mode of decay has to be predicted for 2448Cr.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability.

Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β− decay.

Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e− capture and/or β+ decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e− capture whereas lighter elements undergo β+ emission.

Nuclides having Z>83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mode of decay has to be predicted for 2448Cr.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability.

Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β− decay.

Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e− capture and/or β+ decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e− capture whereas lighter elements undergo β+ emission.

Nuclides having Z>83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mode of decay has to be predicted for 2550Mn.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability.

Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β− decay.

Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e− capture and/or β+ decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e− capture whereas lighter elements undergo β+ emission.

Nuclides having Z>83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mode of decay has to be predicted for 2550Mn.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclides that are unstable generally decay in a mode that changes its N/Z ratio to the band of stability.

Nuclides having many neutrons (Neutron-rich nuclides) have a high N/Z ratio and lies above the band of stability. Therefore, to decrease N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo β− decay.

Nuclides having many protons (Proton-rich nuclides) have a low N/Z ratio and lies below the band of stability. Therefore, to increase N/Z ratio these nuclides undergo e− capture and/or β+ decay. Heavier elements mostly undergo e− capture whereas lighter elements undergo β+ emission.

Nuclides having Z>83 are considered as too heavy to be stable. To decrease the values of Z and N, it undergoes α decay.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 24.1AFP Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 24.1BFP Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 24.2AFP Ch. 24.1 - Why is stable but unstable? Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 24.3AFP Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 24.3BFP Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 24.4AFP Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 24.4BFP Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 24.5AFP Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 24.5BFP

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Chapter 24 Solutions