Chapter 24, Problem 24.127P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Kinetic Energy of an $H$ atom has to be determined using the given data.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear binding energy: It is the energy that requires for the breaking one mole of nuclei of an element to its individual nucleons.

  $\text{Nucleus + nuclear binding energy }\underset{}{\to }\text{ nucleons}$

Kinetic energy of a particle can be using the below mentioned formula,

  $KE=\frac{1}{2}m{v}^2=\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)\frac{RT}{N_A}\boxed{\begin{array}{l}R=\text{ Gas constant}\\ \text{T = Temperature}\\ {\text{N}}_A\text{ = Avogadro's number}\end{array}}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of $H$ atoms heated from the energy produced by the annihilation of one $H$ and one $antiH$ has to be determined using the given data.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear binding energy: It is the energy that requires for the breaking one mole of nuclei of an element to its individual nucleons.

  $\text{Nucleus + nuclear binding energy }\underset{}{\to }\text{ nucleons}$

Nuclear binding energy can be calculated by Einstein’s mass energy equivalence relationship that is,

  $\begin{array}{l}\text{E = }\Delta {\text{mc}}^2\\ \\ where,\\ \Delta \text{m = Mass Difference}\\ c=\text{ Speed of light}\end{array}$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Energy released during the fusion of 4 Hydrogen atoms forming Helium-4 has to be determined using the given data.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear binding energy: It is the energy that requires for the breaking one mole of nuclei of an element to its individual nucleons.

  $\text{Nucleus + nuclear binding energy }\underset{}{\to }\text{ nucleons}$

Nuclear binding energy can be calculated by Einstein’s mass energy equivalence relationship that is,

  $\begin{array}{l}\text{E = }\Delta {\text{mc}}^2\\ \\ where,\\ \Delta \text{m = Mass Difference}\\ c=\text{ Speed of light}\end{array}$

Change in mass of a given reaction can be determined as given,

  $\Delta m\text{ = }Mass\text{ of reactant}-\text{ Mass of products}$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Increase in energy produce by the fusion of part (c) comparing with $H-antiH$ collision of part (b) has to be determined using the given data.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear binding energy: It is the energy that requires for the breaking one mole of nuclei of an element to its individual nucleons.

  $\text{Nucleus + nuclear binding energy }\underset{}{\to }\text{ nucleons}$

Nuclear binding energy can be calculated by Einstein’s mass energy equivalence relationship that is,

  $\begin{array}{l}\text{E = }\Delta {\text{mc}}^2\\ \\ where,\\ \Delta \text{m = Mass Difference}\\ c=\text{ Speed of light}\end{array}$

Change in mass of a given reaction can be determined as given,

  $\Delta m\text{ = }Mass\text{ of reactant}-\text{ Mass of products}$

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Energy released when $1.00kg$ each of antimatter and matter annihilate with each other has to be determined using the given data.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear binding energy: It is the energy that requires for the breaking one mole of nuclei of an element to its individual nucleons.

  $\text{Nucleus + nuclear binding energy }\underset{}{\to }\text{ nucleons}$

Nuclear binding energy can be calculated by Einstein’s mass energy equivalence relationship that is,

  $\begin{array}{l}\text{E = }\Delta {\text{mc}}^2\\ \\ where,\\ \Delta \text{m = Mass Difference}\\ c=\text{ Speed of light}\end{array}$

Change in mass of a given reaction can be determined as given,

  $\Delta m\text{ = }Mass\text{ of reactant}-\text{ Mass of products}$