Automotive Technology
Automotive Technology
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781337794213
Author: ERJAVEC, Jack.
Publisher: Cengage,
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Textbook Question
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Chapter 24, Problem 1SA

Describe the difference between an open- and a closed-loop operation.

Expert Solution & Answer
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To determine

The difference between an open- and a closed-loop operation.

Answer to Problem 1SA

Closed-loop operations work on the principle of feedback. The output from the current operation is used to modify the input for the next operation. The open-loop operation works only on the input. There is no feedback for this open-loop operations.

Explanation of Solution

Some of the significant differences between an open- and a closed-loop operation are as follows:

Closed-loop operation Open-loop operation
Its basis is the output of the current operation. The feedback from the current output is used to modify the input. Does not have any feedback system. It completely works on the input.
Less stable. Mostly stables.
Overall cost is high. Overall cost is low.
Easy to calibrate. Difficult to calibrate.
Examples are refrigerator, Air conditioner, toaster, etc. Examples are automatic washing machine, Traffic light, TV remote, etc.
The structure of closed-loop operations are complex and so they are difficult to be implemented. The structure of open-loop operations are simple and so they are easy to be implemented.

Conclusion:

Closed-loop operation works on the feedback i.e. its basis is the output whereas open-loop operation is completely based on the input.

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Students have asked these similar questions
A spring package with two springs and an external force, 200N. The short spring has a loin of 35 mm. Constantly looking for spring for short spring so that total compression is 35 mm (d). Known values: Long spring:                        Short spring:C=3.98 N/mm                    Lo=65mmLo=87.4mmF=c·fTotal compression is same for both spring.                             200 = (3.98(c1) × 35) + (c₂ × 35) 200 = 139.3 + 35c₂ 200 - 139.3 = 35c₂ 60.7 = 35c₂ c₂ = 60.7/35 Short spring (c₂) = 1.73 N/mm According to my study book, the correct answer is 4.82N/mm What is wrong with the calculating?
What is the reason for this composition?
Homework: ANOVA Table for followed design B AB Dr -1 -1 1 (15.18,12) 1 -1 -1 (45.48.51) -1 1 -1 (25,28,19) 1 1 (75.75,81)

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