Chapter 24, Problem 1R

DRAW IT Show the locations of the following diseases: common cold, diphtheria, coccidioidomycosis, influenza, pneumonia, scarlet fever, tuberculosis, whooping cough

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The location of following diseases of common cold, diphtheria, coccidioidomycosis, influenza, pneumonia, scarlet fever, tuberculosis and whooping cough.

Concept introduction:

Respiratory system consists of two parts, lower and upper parts. Bacteria and virus affects both the parts but lower parts may affects highly than upper parts.

Explanation of Solution

Diagram:

                                                  Diseases of  Respiratory system

Respiratory system causes diseases which are affected by both bacteria and virus. The upper part causes disease like common cold, diphtheria and whooping cough. Common cold is a viral infection of the upper respiratory system. It is caused by rhinovirus and coronavirus. Scarlet fever caused by streptococcal exotoxin, affects the skin by reddening of tongue and peeling of affected skin. Diphtheria caused by Corynebacterium diphtheria, causes sore throat and swelling of neck. Whooping cough is another disease caused by Bordetella pertussis, tracheal cytotoxin. It affects the cilia and damages the respiratory passages.

Pneumonia causes lower respiratory infection and leads to same symptoms as cold, cough, headache and fatigue and so forth. Pneumonia is the disease of the lower respiratory system. Influenza is characterized by fever, chills, muscular aches and headache. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a gram positive, rod and an obligate aerobe that causes tuberculosis. It is also a lower respiratory infection.

Conclusion

Many virus can enter into our respiratory system although there is a constant inhibition of pathogens by cilia and mucous membrane. Mostly the upper part is affected but only the lower part is affected by virus infection.