To examine: Whether the statement “T cells whose receptors strongly bind a self-peptide-MHC complex are killed off in peripheral lymphoid organs when they encounter the self peptide on an antigen-presenting dendritic cell” is true or false. Introduction: Immunological tolerance is the state of unresponsiveness to a particular antigen due to an earlier exposure to the same antigen. There are two types of immunological tolerance: central tolerance and peripheral tolerance. Any defect in immune self-tolerance causes autoimmune diseases.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 1P

44322-24-1P

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “T cells whose receptors strongly bind a self-peptide-MHC complex are killed off in peripheral lymphoid organs when they encounter the self peptide on an antigen-presenting dendritic cell” is true or false.

Introduction: Immunological tolerance is the state of unresponsiveness to a particular antigen due to an earlier exposure to the same antigen. There are two types of immunological tolerance: central tolerance and peripheral tolerance. Any defect in immune self-tolerance causes autoimmune diseases.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer: The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

The host immune system in normal conditions is able to avoid responding to normal cells and molecules. Refer to Fig. 24-21 “Mechanisms of immunological self-tolerance” in the textbook. Several mechanisms in the central lymphoid organs and peripheral lymphoid organs are involved in the self-tolerance of immune cells, including receptor editing, clonal deletion, clonal inactivation, and clonal suppression.

For the activation of the T lymphocytes in the peripheral lymphoid organs, it requires co-stimulatory immune signals generated by helper T cells (T_H cells), when pathogens are present. In normal conditions, a self-reactive T cell does not generate these co-stimulatory immune signals and fails to get activated. Instead, it gets inactivated, suppressed by a regulatory T cell or killed.

Thus, in the peripheral lymphoid organs, if a T lymphocyte binds to a self-peptide-MHC complex presented on an antigen-presenting cell (APC) such as dendritic cell, it would be killed by the mechanisms of immune self-tolerance.

Hence, the statement is true.

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CHAPTER 12 LESSON 2 Applying Mendel's Principles READING TOOL Connect to Visuals Before you read, preview Figure 12-7. Try to infer the purpose of this diagram. As you read, compare your inference to the text. After you read, revise your statement if needed or write a new one about the diagram's purpose. Take notes on the lines provided. Then view the Punnett square and answer the questions below regarding the genotypes and phenotypes. Inference: Revision: Parent 2 rryy Gametes F ry Parent 1 RRYY Gametes RY RrYy The F, generation are all RrYy. 1. What is the phenotype of parent 1?. 2. What is the genotype of parent 1? 3. What is the phenotype of parent 2? 4. What is the genotype of parent 2? 5. What is the phenotype of the F, offspring?. 6. What is the genotype of the F, offspring?. 7. What kind of cross does this figure describe? 144 Chanter 12 Introduction to Genetice Copyright Pearson Education Inc. or its affiliator. All rights reserved.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 1P

44322-24-1P

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “T cells whose receptors strongly bind a self-peptide-MHC complex are killed off in peripheral lymphoid organs when they encounter the self peptide on an antigen-presenting dendritic cell” is true or false.

Introduction: Immunological tolerance is the state of unresponsiveness to a particular antigen due to an earlier exposure to the same antigen. There are two types of immunological tolerance: central tolerance and peripheral tolerance. Any defect in immune self-tolerance causes autoimmune diseases.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer: The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

The host immune system in normal conditions is able to avoid responding to normal cells and molecules. Refer to Fig. 24-21 “Mechanisms of immunological self-tolerance” in the textbook. Several mechanisms in the central lymphoid organs and peripheral lymphoid organs are involved in the self-tolerance of immune cells, including receptor editing, clonal deletion, clonal inactivation, and clonal suppression.

For the activation of the T lymphocytes in the peripheral lymphoid organs, it requires co-stimulatory immune signals generated by helper T cells (T_H cells), when pathogens are present. In normal conditions, a self-reactive T cell does not generate these co-stimulatory immune signals and fails to get activated. Instead, it gets inactivated, suppressed by a regulatory T cell or killed.

Thus, in the peripheral lymphoid organs, if a T lymphocyte binds to a self-peptide-MHC complex presented on an antigen-presenting cell (APC) such as dendritic cell, it would be killed by the mechanisms of immune self-tolerance.

Hence, the statement is true.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 1P

44322-24-1P

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “T cells whose receptors strongly bind a self-peptide-MHC complex are killed off in peripheral lymphoid organs when they encounter the self peptide on an antigen-presenting dendritic cell” is true or false.

Introduction: Immunological tolerance is the state of unresponsiveness to a particular antigen due to an earlier exposure to the same antigen. There are two types of immunological tolerance: central tolerance and peripheral tolerance. Any defect in immune self-tolerance causes autoimmune diseases.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer: The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

The host immune system in normal conditions is able to avoid responding to normal cells and molecules. Refer to Fig. 24-21 “Mechanisms of immunological self-tolerance” in the textbook. Several mechanisms in the central lymphoid organs and peripheral lymphoid organs are involved in the self-tolerance of immune cells, including receptor editing, clonal deletion, clonal inactivation, and clonal suppression.

For the activation of the T lymphocytes in the peripheral lymphoid organs, it requires co-stimulatory immune signals generated by helper T cells (T_H cells), when pathogens are present. In normal conditions, a self-reactive T cell does not generate these co-stimulatory immune signals and fails to get activated. Instead, it gets inactivated, suppressed by a regulatory T cell or killed.

Thus, in the peripheral lymphoid organs, if a T lymphocyte binds to a self-peptide-MHC complex presented on an antigen-presenting cell (APC) such as dendritic cell, it would be killed by the mechanisms of immune self-tolerance.

Hence, the statement is true.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 1P

44322-24-1P

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “T cells whose receptors strongly bind a self-peptide-MHC complex are killed off in peripheral lymphoid organs when they encounter the self peptide on an antigen-presenting dendritic cell” is true or false.

Introduction: Immunological tolerance is the state of unresponsiveness to a particular antigen due to an earlier exposure to the same antigen. There are two types of immunological tolerance: central tolerance and peripheral tolerance. Any defect in immune self-tolerance causes autoimmune diseases.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer: The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

The host immune system in normal conditions is able to avoid responding to normal cells and molecules. Refer to Fig. 24-21 “Mechanisms of immunological self-tolerance” in the textbook. Several mechanisms in the central lymphoid organs and peripheral lymphoid organs are involved in the self-tolerance of immune cells, including receptor editing, clonal deletion, clonal inactivation, and clonal suppression.

For the activation of the T lymphocytes in the peripheral lymphoid organs, it requires co-stimulatory immune signals generated by helper T cells (T_H cells), when pathogens are present. In normal conditions, a self-reactive T cell does not generate these co-stimulatory immune signals and fails to get activated. Instead, it gets inactivated, suppressed by a regulatory T cell or killed.

Thus, in the peripheral lymphoid organs, if a T lymphocyte binds to a self-peptide-MHC complex presented on an antigen-presenting cell (APC) such as dendritic cell, it would be killed by the mechanisms of immune self-tolerance.

Hence, the statement is true.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 24, Problem 1P

44322-24-1P

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “T cells whose receptors strongly bind a self-peptide-MHC complex are killed off in peripheral lymphoid organs when they encounter the self peptide on an antigen-presenting dendritic cell” is true or false.

Introduction: Immunological tolerance is the state of unresponsiveness to a particular antigen due to an earlier exposure to the same antigen. There are two types of immunological tolerance: central tolerance and peripheral tolerance. Any defect in immune self-tolerance causes autoimmune diseases.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer: The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

The host immune system in normal conditions is able to avoid responding to normal cells and molecules. Refer to Fig. 24-21 “Mechanisms of immunological self-tolerance” in the textbook. Several mechanisms in the central lymphoid organs and peripheral lymphoid organs are involved in the self-tolerance of immune cells, including receptor editing, clonal deletion, clonal inactivation, and clonal suppression.

For the activation of the T lymphocytes in the peripheral lymphoid organs, it requires co-stimulatory immune signals generated by helper T cells (T_H cells), when pathogens are present. In normal conditions, a self-reactive T cell does not generate these co-stimulatory immune signals and fails to get activated. Instead, it gets inactivated, suppressed by a regulatory T cell or killed.

Thus, in the peripheral lymphoid organs, if a T lymphocyte binds to a self-peptide-MHC complex presented on an antigen-presenting cell (APC) such as dendritic cell, it would be killed by the mechanisms of immune self-tolerance.

Hence, the statement is true.

Answer 6

Chapter 24, Problem 1P

44322-24-1P

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “T cells whose receptors strongly bind a self-peptide-MHC complex are killed off in peripheral lymphoid organs when they encounter the self peptide on an antigen-presenting dendritic cell” is true or false.

Introduction: Immunological tolerance is the state of unresponsiveness to a particular antigen due to an earlier exposure to the same antigen. There are two types of immunological tolerance: central tolerance and peripheral tolerance. Any defect in immune self-tolerance causes autoimmune diseases.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer: The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

The host immune system in normal conditions is able to avoid responding to normal cells and molecules. Refer to Fig. 24-21 “Mechanisms of immunological self-tolerance” in the textbook. Several mechanisms in the central lymphoid organs and peripheral lymphoid organs are involved in the self-tolerance of immune cells, including receptor editing, clonal deletion, clonal inactivation, and clonal suppression.

For the activation of the T lymphocytes in the peripheral lymphoid organs, it requires co-stimulatory immune signals generated by helper T cells (T_H cells), when pathogens are present. In normal conditions, a self-reactive T cell does not generate these co-stimulatory immune signals and fails to get activated. Instead, it gets inactivated, suppressed by a regulatory T cell or killed.

Thus, in the peripheral lymphoid organs, if a T lymphocyte binds to a self-peptide-MHC complex presented on an antigen-presenting cell (APC) such as dendritic cell, it would be killed by the mechanisms of immune self-tolerance.

Hence, the statement is true.

Answer 7

Chapter 24, Problem 1P

44322-24-1P

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “T cells whose receptors strongly bind a self-peptide-MHC complex are killed off in peripheral lymphoid organs when they encounter the self peptide on an antigen-presenting dendritic cell” is true or false.

Introduction: Immunological tolerance is the state of unresponsiveness to a particular antigen due to an earlier exposure to the same antigen. There are two types of immunological tolerance: central tolerance and peripheral tolerance. Any defect in immune self-tolerance causes autoimmune diseases.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer: The statement is true.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Explanation of Solution

The host immune system in normal conditions is able to avoid responding to normal cells and molecules. Refer to Fig. 24-21 “Mechanisms of immunological self-tolerance” in the textbook. Several mechanisms in the central lymphoid organs and peripheral lymphoid organs are involved in the self-tolerance of immune cells, including receptor editing, clonal deletion, clonal inactivation, and clonal suppression.

For the activation of the T lymphocytes in the peripheral lymphoid organs, it requires co-stimulatory immune signals generated by helper T cells (T_H cells), when pathogens are present. In normal conditions, a self-reactive T cell does not generate these co-stimulatory immune signals and fails to get activated. Instead, it gets inactivated, suppressed by a regulatory T cell or killed.

Thus, in the peripheral lymphoid organs, if a T lymphocyte binds to a self-peptide-MHC complex presented on an antigen-presenting cell (APC) such as dendritic cell, it would be killed by the mechanisms of immune self-tolerance.

Hence, the statement is true.

Answer 12

Ch. 24 - Prob. 1P Ch. 24 - Prob. 2P Ch. 24 - Prob. 3P Ch. 24 - Prob. 4P Ch. 24 - Prob. 5P Ch. 24 - Prob. 6P Ch. 24 - Prob. 7P Ch. 24 - Prob. 8P

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