Concept explainers
To determine: The number of histone variants in the human cell.
Concept introduction: Histones are the proteins that wind and pack DNA to form a compact structure called nucleosomes. There are five different types of histone proteins, namelyH1, H2A, H2B, H3, and H4. Apart from the major canonical histone types, there are many variants that provide the different functions to them.
To explain: How the histone variants differ from each other.
Concept introduction: Histones are the proteins that wind and pack DNA to form a compact structure called nucleosomes. There are five different types of histone proteins, namelyH1, H2A, H2B, H3, and H4. Apart from the major canonical histone types, there are many variants that provide the different functions to them.
To determine: The way how the histone variant CENP-A relates to the chromosomal structure.
Concept introduction: Histones are the proteins that wind and pack DNA to form a compact structure called nucleosomes. There are five different types of histone proteins, namelyH1, H2A, H2B, H3, and H4. Apart from the major canonical histone types, there are many variants that provide the different functions to them.
To determine: The histone variant that is associated with X-chromosome inactivation.
Concept introduction: Histones are the proteins that wind and pack DNA to form a compact structure called nucleosomes. There are five different types of histone proteins, namelyH1, H2A, H2B, H3, and H4. Apart from the major canonical histone types, there are many variants that provide the different functions to them.

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Chapter 24 Solutions
FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOCHEMISTRY-ACCESS
- In a cell free preparation of beta-lactamase, penicillin is hydrolyzed in a D2O enriched assay. After one round of catalysis, where would you anticipate finding Deuterium? please help thank youarrow_forwardTo map the active site of -lactamase, the enzyme was hydrolyzed with trypsin to yield a hexapeptide (P1) with the following amino acids. Glu, Lys, Leu, Phe, Met, and Ser. Treatment of P1 with phenyl isothiocyanate yielded a PTH derivative of phenylalanine and a peptide (P2). Treatment of P1 with cyanogenbromide gave an acidic tetrapeptide (P3) and a dipeptide (P4).Treatment of P2 with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, followed by complete hydrolysis, yields N-2,4-dinitrophenyl-Glu. P1, P2, and P3 contain the active site serine. question: the b-lactamase hydrolyzes the lactam-ring in antibiotics like penicillin. Describe the mechanism, of hydrolysis, insuring to include the involvement of S, D, and K in the reaction sequence. Please help!arrow_forwardThree of these amino acids participate in the proteolytic hydrolysis of polypeptides. Show the charge-relay network generated by the serine proteases and identify the nucleophilic species that initiates the hydrolysis. please help!arrow_forward
- You have isolated a protein and determined that the native molecular weight of the holoenzyme is 160 kD using size exclusion chromatography. Analysis of this protein using SDS-PAGE revealed 2 bands, one at 100 kD and one at 30 kD. 1. Describe the architecture of the polypeptide component of this enzyme. 2. The enzyme was found to be 0.829% NAD (by weight). What further can be said regarding the architecture? can you please help me with question number 2arrow_forwardTo map the active site of -lactamase, the enzyme was hydrolyzed with trypsin to yield a hexapeptide (P1) with the following amino acids. Glu, Lys, Leu, Phe, Met, and Ser. Treatment of P1 with phenyl isothiocyanate yielded a PTH derivative of phenylalanine and a peptide (P2). Treatment of P1 with cyanogenbromide gave an acidic tetrapeptide (P3) and a dipeptide (P4).Treatment of P2 with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, followed by complete hydrolysis, yields N-2,4-dinitrophenyl-Glu. P1, P2, and P3 contain the active site serine. Question: although S, K, and D are involved in the catalysis, the E in this hexapeptide does not participate in the hydrolysis of the b-lactam ring. Why is that?arrow_forwardTo map the active site of beta-lactamase, the enzyme was hydrolyzed with trypsin to yield a hexapeptide (P1) with the following amino acids. Glu, Lys, Leu, Phe, Met, and Ser. a) Using the experimental results described below deduce the primary sequence of the active site hexapeptide. Treatment of P1 with phenyl isothiocyanate yielded a PTH derivative of phenylalanine and a peptide (P2). Treatment of P1 with cyanogenbromide gave an acidic tetrapeptide (P3) and a dipeptide (P4).Treatment of P2 with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, followed by complete hydrolysis, yields N-2,4-dinitrophenyl-Glu. P1, P2, and P3 contain the active site serine. please help!arrow_forward
- The beta-lactamase hydrolyzes the lactam-ring in penicillin. Describe the mechanism of hydrolysis, insuring to include the involvement of S, D, & K in the reaction sequence. Please helparrow_forwardTo map the active site of beta-lactamase, the enzyme was hydrolyzed with trypsin to yield a hexapeptide (P1) with the following amino acids. Glu, Lys, Leu, Phe, Met, and Ser. Treatment of P1 with phenyl isothiocyanate yielded a PTH derivative of phenylalanine and a peptide (P2). Treatment of P1 with cyanogenbromide gave an acidic tetrapeptide (P3) and a dipeptide (P4).Treatment of P2 with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, followed by complete hydrolysis, yields N-2,4-dinitrophenyl-Glu. P1, P2, and P3 contain the active site serine. Why doesn't D in this hexapeptide not participate in the hydrolysis of the beta-lactam ring even though S, K, and D are involved in the catalyst?arrow_forwardTo map the active site of -lactamase, the enzyme was hydrolyzed with trypsin to yield a hexapeptide (P1) with the following amino acids. Glu, Lys, Leu, Phe, Met, and Ser. Treatment of P1 with phenyl isothiocyanate yielded a PTH derivative of phenylalanine and a peptide (P2). Treatment of P1 with cyanogenbromide gave an acidic tetrapeptide (P3) and a dipeptide (P4).Treatment of P2 with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, followed by complete hydrolysis, yields N-2,4-dinitrophenyl-Glu. P1, P2, and P3 contain the active site serine. Using the experimental results described above derive the primary sequence of the active site hexapeptide. Please help!arrow_forward
- Which type of enzyme catalyses the following reaction? oxidoreductase, transferase, hydrolase, lyase, isomerase, or ligase.arrow_forward+NH+ CO₂ +P H₂N + ATP H₂N NH₂ +ADParrow_forwardWhich type of enzyme catalyses the following reaction? oxidoreductase, transferase, hydrolase, lyase, isomerase, or ligase.arrow_forward
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