The preparation for the given compound should be determined under given conditions. Concept Introduction : Sodium cyanoborohydride is a strong reducing agent than sodium borohydride. It reduces the carbonyl group into amine group in a rapid way. So, it is called as reductive amination reactions. One of the essential conditions for reductive amination is that the carbon atom that is connected to nitrogen atom should have one vacant position for the introduction of hydrogen atom. This hydrogen atom comes from the last step of reductive amination of the reduction of C=N bond. Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with ammonia in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce primary amines . Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with primary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce secondary amines. Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with secondary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce tertiary amines. There are two ways to get the starting compounds in either left or right side cleavage of all C−N bonds. After the cleavage, retrosynthetic analysis of the starting materials is done. If both aldehyde/ketone and amine starting materials are decided, reductive amination is followed in both the ways by placing the suitable reagents.

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 23.6, Problem 16ATS

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The preparation for the given compound should be determined under given conditions.

Concept Introduction: Sodium cyanoborohydride is a strong reducing agent than sodium borohydride. It reduces the carbonyl group into amine group in a rapid way. So, it is called as reductive amination reactions. One of the essential conditions for reductive amination is that the carbon atom that is connected to nitrogen atom should have one vacant position for the introduction of hydrogen atom. This hydrogen atom comes from the last step of reductive amination of the reduction of C=N bond. Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with ammonia in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce primary amines.

Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with primary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce secondary amines.

Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with secondary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce tertiary amines.

There are two ways to get the starting compounds in either left or right side cleavage of all C−N bonds. After the cleavage, retrosynthetic analysis of the starting materials is done. If both aldehyde/ketone and amine starting materials are decided, reductive amination is followed in both the ways by placing the suitable reagents.

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> You are trying to decide if there is a single reagent you can add that will make the following synthesis possible without any other major side products: 1. ☑ CI 2. H3O+ O Draw the missing reagent X you think will make this synthesis work in the drawing area below. If there is no reagent that will make your desired product in good yield or without complications, just check the box under the drawing area and leave it blank. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. Explanation Check ? DO 18 Ar B © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessibility

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Consider a solution of 0.00304 moles of 4-nitrobenzoic acid (pKa = 3.442) dissolved in 25 mL water and titrated with 0.0991 M NaOH. Calculate the pH at the equivalence point

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 23.6, Problem 16ATS

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The preparation for the given compound should be determined under given conditions.

Concept Introduction: Sodium cyanoborohydride is a strong reducing agent than sodium borohydride. It reduces the carbonyl group into amine group in a rapid way. So, it is called as reductive amination reactions. One of the essential conditions for reductive amination is that the carbon atom that is connected to nitrogen atom should have one vacant position for the introduction of hydrogen atom. This hydrogen atom comes from the last step of reductive amination of the reduction of C=N bond. Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with ammonia in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce primary amines.

Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with primary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce secondary amines.

Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with secondary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce tertiary amines.

There are two ways to get the starting compounds in either left or right side cleavage of all C−N bonds. After the cleavage, retrosynthetic analysis of the starting materials is done. If both aldehyde/ketone and amine starting materials are decided, reductive amination is followed in both the ways by placing the suitable reagents.

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Answer 3

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 23.6, Problem 16ATS

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The preparation for the given compound should be determined under given conditions.

Concept Introduction: Sodium cyanoborohydride is a strong reducing agent than sodium borohydride. It reduces the carbonyl group into amine group in a rapid way. So, it is called as reductive amination reactions. One of the essential conditions for reductive amination is that the carbon atom that is connected to nitrogen atom should have one vacant position for the introduction of hydrogen atom. This hydrogen atom comes from the last step of reductive amination of the reduction of C=N bond. Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with ammonia in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce primary amines.

Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with primary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce secondary amines.

Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with secondary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce tertiary amines.

There are two ways to get the starting compounds in either left or right side cleavage of all C−N bonds. After the cleavage, retrosynthetic analysis of the starting materials is done. If both aldehyde/ketone and amine starting materials are decided, reductive amination is followed in both the ways by placing the suitable reagents.

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Answer 4

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 23.6, Problem 16ATS

Interpretation Introduction