Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 23.12, Problem 1CR
Summary Introduction
Ruminants are mammalian animals that are foregut fermenters. Some of them are domestic animals. The rumen is the digestive organ that ferment and digest large sized food particles known as cud. These animals obtain nutrients from a plant based food or plants as such. The rumen contains a warm as well as a constant temperature range of 39°C. Amino acids and vitamins are present in the rumen that are synthesized by its normal flora.
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19. On the diagram below
a. Label the three pictures as: DNA; polypeptide; or RNA.
b. Label the arrows as: translation or transcription/RNA processing.
c. Add the following details to the diagram.
Promoter region
TATA box
Transcription start site
Transcription terminator
Intron (A,B,C,D)
Exons (1,2,3,4,5)
Splice sites
5' cap
5' UTR (untranslated region)
3' poly A tail
3' UTR (untranslated region)
Translational start (AUG)
Translational stop (UGA, UAG, or UAA)
N and C ends of polypeptide
0000
Match the letter labels in the figure below to the terms. Some letter
labels are not used.
MNNNNNNIN
M
C
B
A
M
D
F
E
H
K
G
8
The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions.
1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction?
2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe:
a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why?
b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for?
3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale.
4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale.
Mutation 1
Mutation 2
Chapter 23 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 23.1 - What two microbes form a partnership in the lichen...Ch. 23.1 - Prob. 2MQCh. 23.1 - Prob. 1CRCh. 23.2 - What is the evidence that "Chlorochromatium...Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 2MQCh. 23.2 - How might nutrients be shuttled between phototroph...Ch. 23.2 - QWhat mechanisms do the consortia use to orient at...Ch. 23.3 - Prob. 1MQCh. 23.3 - Prob. 2MQCh. 23.3 - What is a bacteroid and what occurs within it?...
Ch. 23.3 - What are the major similarities and differences...Ch. 23.3 - QDescribe the steps in the development of root...Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 1MQCh. 23.4 - Prob. 2MQCh. 23.4 - How do mycorrhizal fungi promote plant diversity?Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 1CRCh. 23.5 - Prob. 1MQCh. 23.5 - How do the vir genes differ from T-DNA in the Ti...Ch. 23.5 - How has an understanding of crown gall disease...Ch. 23.5 - Prob. 1CRCh. 23.6 - Prob. 1MQCh. 23.6 - What are the consequences of symbiont genome...Ch. 23.6 - How could it be determined if a symbiont and its...Ch. 23.6 - QHow is it possible for aphids to feed only on the...Ch. 23.7 - How are anoxic conditions maintained in the...Ch. 23.7 - Why does reductive acetogenesis predominate over...Ch. 23.7 - Prob. 3MQCh. 23.7 - QHow do the microbial communities of higher and...Ch. 23.8 - Prob. 1MQCh. 23.8 - Prob. 2MQCh. 23.8 - How is the correct bacterial symbiont selected in...Ch. 23.9 - Prob. 1MQCh. 23.9 - What are the similarities of the obligate...Ch. 23.9 - Prob. 3MQCh. 23.9 - Prob. 1CRCh. 23.10 - What evidence suggest that the nematodes and their...Ch. 23.10 - What prevents other bacteria from colonizing the...Ch. 23.10 - QWhy are entomopathogenic nematodes so attractive...Ch. 23.11 - Prob. 1MQCh. 23.11 - What are the two mechanisms of Symbiodinium...Ch. 23.11 - Prob. 3MQCh. 23.11 - Prob. 1CRCh. 23.12 - Prob. 1MQCh. 23.12 - Prob. 2MQCh. 23.12 - Prob. 1CRCh. 23.13 - Prob. 1MQCh. 23.13 - Prob. 2MQCh. 23.13 - Prob. 3MQCh. 23.13 - QGive an example of a single microbial species...Ch. 23 - Imagine that you have discovered a new animal that...Ch. 23 - Prob. 2AQ
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