EBK BIOLOGY
5th Edition
ISBN: 8220100667978
Author: Maier
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 23, Problem 8LTB
Neurotransmitters. ___________.
- are electrical charges that move down myelinated axons;
- are released in the cell body to hasten nerve impulse transmission;
- are released when an electrical impulse arrives at the terminal bouton of the postsynaptic neuron;
- diffuse across a synapse and bind to receptors on the cell membrane of the postsynaptic neuron
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(1) ______________________ are a group of endogenous chemicals responsible for signaling between neurons and other cells (there is very little direct “electrical” connection between neurons). Thus, signaling of the nervous system is a bioelectrochemical process affected by neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters act on proteins called (2) _______________, which are found on cell membranes in synapses. (3) _______________ are very narrow gaps (20–50 nm) between neurons allowing for chemical transmission via neurotransmitters. The binding of neurotransmitters to pre- and post-synaptic receptors results in changes in the polarization of the cell. Neurotransmitter actions that increase the likelihood of initiating an action potential are called (4) __________________ (EPSPs) while those that reduce the likelihood of an action potential are termed (5)…
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action
resting
electrical
synaptic
Chapter 23 Solutions
EBK BIOLOGY
Ch. 23 - How do the CNS and PNS differ?Ch. 23 - How do sensory, motor, and interneurons differ?Ch. 23 - What are the general senses?Ch. 23 - Which brain structure controls language, memory,...Ch. 23 - Prob. 5LTBCh. 23 - Prob. 6LTBCh. 23 - Prob. 7LTBCh. 23 - Neurotransmitters. ___________. are electrical...Ch. 23 - The effects of a neurotransmitter could be...Ch. 23 - Prob. 10LTB
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- Fill in the blank: An action potential is a rapid sequence of changes involving _______________________ and repolarization.arrow_forwardReceptor tyrosine kinase’s catalyze the phosphorylation of target proteins which means they are classified as an _______________________ receptorarrow_forwardCompare and contrast the events that occur at a neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and a neuron-neuron junction (a chemical synapse (CS)). Take it step by step, pointing out similarities or differences at each step. Begin with “Both processes begin with an action potential travelling down the axon.” and then tell me what is the same and what is different as the story unfolds.arrow_forward
- When action potentials arrive at a synapse between a neuron and another cell, they stimulate the release of molecules of a ________ that diffuse over to that cell.arrow_forwardThe ___________________ provides electrical insulation that allows faster propagation of nerve impulses. regarding signal transduction mechaniscm in neurons.arrow_forwardNerve transmission and communication with other neurons. DI it restores the membrane potential the chemical that talks between one neuron and the other neuron the point between the neuron and the muscle transmits impulse to dendrite it carries receptors on its surface it produces the neurotransmitter 1. Neurotransmitter 2. Presynaptic membrane 3. Postsynaptic membrane 4. Nat-K+ pump 5. Neuromuscular junction 6. Axonarrow_forward
- Correct answer: Ligand-gated ion channel don’t open until the neurotransmitter diffuses across the synapse and binds to the receptor, The calcium channels are blocked in the presynaptic cells, It takes time for the vesicular exocytosis to occur Please explain why each of the correct answer choices are correct. Thank you.arrow_forwardSubstances that mediate and amplifies signals inside the cell called __________ (H) __________arrow_forwardTrue or false: Neurotransmitters are a special class ofparacrines. Explain your answer.arrow_forward
- Fill in the blank: The difference in electrical charge between the inside and the outside of a nerve cell membrane is called the_______________________ potential.arrow_forward___________ are called “downers” because they depressthe central nervous system.arrow_forwardExplain the difference between slow and fast chemical transmission. Fig. 8.23arrow_forward
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