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Essential University Physics
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134988566
Author: Wolfson, Richard
Publisher: Pearson Education,
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Question
Chapter 23, Problem 56P
(a)
To determine
The capacitance of the system comprises Earth’s surface and ionosphere.
(b)
To determine
The total energy stored in the planetary capacitor.
Expert Solution & Answer
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Students have asked these similar questions
A cylinder with a piston contains 0.153 mol of
nitrogen at a pressure of 1.83×105 Pa and a
temperature of 290 K. The nitrogen may be
treated as an ideal gas. The gas is first compressed
isobarically to half its original volume. It then
expands adiabatically back to its original volume,
and finally it is heated isochorically to its original
pressure.
Part A
Compute the temperature at the beginning of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
T₁ =
?
K
Submit
Request Answer
Part B
Compute the temperature at the end of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
Π ΑΣΦ
T₂ =
Submit
Request Answer
Part C
Compute the minimum pressure.
Express your answer in pascals.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
P =
Submit
Request Answer
?
?
K
Pa
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
Τ
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
T
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Chapter 23 Solutions
Essential University Physics
Ch. 23.1 - Three positive charges and one negative charge,...Ch. 23.2 - If I give you a 5-gallon bucket, you know how much...Ch. 23.3 - You need to replace a capacitor with one that can...Ch. 23.3 - GOT IT? 23.4 You have two identical capacitors...Ch. 23.4 - Youre at a point P a distance a from a point...Ch. 23 - Two positive point charges are infinitely far...Ch. 23 - How does the energy density at a certain distance...Ch. 23 - A dipole consists of two equal but opposite...Ch. 23 - Charge is spread over the surface of a balloon,...Ch. 23 - Does the superposition principle hold for...
Ch. 23 - A capacitor is said to carry a charge Q. Whats the...Ch. 23 - Does the capacitance describe the maximum amount...Ch. 23 - Is a force needed to hold the plates of a charged...Ch. 23 - Two capacitors contain equal amounts of energy,...Ch. 23 - A parallel-plate capacitor is connected to a...Ch. 23 - Four 75-C charges, initially far apart, are...Ch. 23 - Three point charges +Q, and a fourth, –Q, lie at...Ch. 23 - A crude model of the water molecule has a...Ch. 23 - A capacitor consists of square conducting plates...Ch. 23 - An uncharged capacitor has parallel plates 5.0 cm...Ch. 23 - (a) How much charge must be transferred between...Ch. 23 - A capacitors plates hold 1.3 C when charged to 60...Ch. 23 - Show that the units of 0 may be written as F/m.Ch. 23 - Find the capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor...Ch. 23 - A parallel-plate capacitor with 1.1-mm plate...Ch. 23 - FastCAP Systems is a cutting-edge ultracapacitor...Ch. 23 - You have a 1.0-F and a 2.0-F capacitor. What...Ch. 23 - (a) Find the equivalent capacitance of the...Ch. 23 - Youre given three capacitors: 1.0 F, 2.0 F, and...Ch. 23 - The energy density in a uniform electric field is...Ch. 23 - A car battery stores about 4 MJ of energy. If this...Ch. 23 - Air undergoes dielectric breakdown at a field...Ch. 23 - Consider a proton to be a uniformly charged sphere...Ch. 23 - Example 23.3: Find the equivalent capacitance in...Ch. 23 - Example 23.3: What voltage applied between points...Ch. 23 - Example 23.3: Find the equivalent capacitance...Ch. 23 - Example 23.3: In the circuit of Fig. 23.14, how...Ch. 23 - Example 23.5: A spherical shell of radius R...Ch. 23 - Prob. 34ECh. 23 - Example 23.5: A sphere of radius R contains charge...Ch. 23 - Prob. 36ECh. 23 - A charge Q0 is at the origin. A second charge. Qx...Ch. 23 - A conducting sphere of radius a is surrounded by a...Ch. 23 - Two closely spaced square conducting plates...Ch. 23 - The potential difference across a cell membrane is...Ch. 23 - Which can store more energy: a 1.0-F capacitor...Ch. 23 - A 0.01-F, 300-V capacitor costs 25; a 0.1-F, 100-V...Ch. 23 - A medical defibrillator stores 950 J in a 100-F...Ch. 23 - A camera requires 5.0 J of energy for a flash...Ch. 23 - Engineers testing an ultracapacitor (see...Ch. 23 - Your companys purchasing department bought lots of...Ch. 23 - Capacitors C1, and C2 are in series, with voltage...Ch. 23 - Youre evaluating a new hire in your companys...Ch. 23 - A parallel-plate capacitor has plates with area 50...Ch. 23 - A 470-pF capacitor consists of two 15-cm-radius...Ch. 23 - The first accurate estimate of cell membrane...Ch. 23 - Your company is still stuck with those 2-F...Ch. 23 - A cubical region 1.0 m on a side is located...Ch. 23 - The electric field within a spherical region of...Ch. 23 - A sphere of radius R carries total charge Q...Ch. 23 - We live inside a giant capacitor! Its plates are...Ch. 23 - Two widely separated 4.0-mm-diameter water drops...Ch. 23 - A 2.1-mm-diameter wire carries a uniform line...Ch. 23 - A typical lightning flash transfers 30 C across a...Ch. 23 - A capacitor consists of two long concentric metal...Ch. 23 - A capacitor consists of a conducting sphere of...Ch. 23 - Show that the result of Problem 61 reduces to that...Ch. 23 - A solid sphere contains a uniform volume charge...Ch. 23 - An air-insulated parallel-plate capacitor of...Ch. 23 - Repeat parts (b) and (c) of Problem 64, now...Ch. 23 - A transmission line consists of two parallel...Ch. 23 - An infinitely long rod of radius R carries uniform...Ch. 23 - (a) Write the electrostatic potential energy of a...Ch. 23 - An unknown capacitor C is connected in series with...Ch. 23 - What total capacitance is required if the...Ch. 23 - If it were technically and economically feasible...Ch. 23 - While theyre firing, the average power delivered...Ch. 23 - Among the capacitors that store energy at NIF are...
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- ■ Review | Constants A cylinder with a movable piston contains 3.75 mol of N2 gas (assumed to behave like an ideal gas). Part A The N2 is heated at constant volume until 1553 J of heat have been added. Calculate the change in temperature. ΜΕ ΑΣΦ AT = Submit Request Answer Part B ? K Suppose the same amount of heat is added to the N2, but this time the gas is allowed to expand while remaining at constant pressure. Calculate the temperature change. AT = Π ΑΣΦ Submit Request Answer Provide Feedback ? K Nextarrow_forward4. I've assembled the following assortment of point charges (-4 μC, +6 μC, and +3 μC) into a rectangle, bringing them together from an initial situation where they were all an infinite distance away from each other. Find the electric potential at point "A" (marked by the X) and tell me how much work it would require to bring a +10.0 μC charge to point A if it started an infinite distance away (assume that the other three charges remains fixed). 300 mm -4 UC "A" 0.400 mm +6 UC +3 UC 5. It's Friday night, and you've got big party plans. What will you do? Why, make a capacitor, of course! You use aluminum foil as the plates, and since a standard roll of aluminum foil is 30.5 cm wide you make the plates of your capacitor each 30.5 cm by 30.5 cm. You separate the plates with regular paper, which has a thickness of 0.125 mm and a dielectric constant of 3.7. What is the capacitance of your capacitor? If you connect it to a 12 V battery, how much charge is stored on either plate? =arrow_forwardLearning Goal: To understand the meaning and the basic applications of pV diagrams for an ideal gas. As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are described by the equation pV = nRT, where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas, PV T = constant. One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant, it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas: At least one more parameter would also change. For instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change. To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a graph showing one parameter as a function of the other. Although there are many choices of axes, the most common one is a plot of pressure as a function of volume: a pV diagram. In this problem, you…arrow_forward
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