Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321775658
Author: Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 23, Problem 3TYU
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Gene variability can be defined as the difference in DNA sequence of a gene. It can be quantified as average heterozygous loci percentage present on the locus. Whereas, the
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You are a scientist studying a population of beetles. Beetle color is controlled by two alleles at a single
genetic locus. AA beetles are blue, Aa purple, and aa pink. You count 30 blue beetles, 10 purple
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a) What is the frequency of the A allele? [ Select ]
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c) Under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the expected frequency of the aa gentoype?
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background: Lizards often have bright coloration and in some species there is variation in coloration within populations. For the sake of simplicity, let’s assume that color is genetically determined by a single gene with two alleles that interact in a codominant fashion: r+r+ = red, r+r- = yellow, r-r- = white.
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question: At the time of the founding of the smaller population, (when 1/10 were white, the rest yellow), what was the chance of fixation of the r- allele via…
Chapter 23 Solutions
Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
Ch. 23.1 - Explain why genetic Variation within a population...Ch. 23.1 - Ot all the mutations that occur in a population,...Ch. 23.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS If a population stopped...Ch. 23.2 - A population has 700 individuals, 85 of genotype...Ch. 23.2 - The frequency of allele a is 0.45 for a population...Ch. 23.2 - WHAT IF? A locus that affects susceptibility to a...Ch. 23.3 - In what sense is natural selection more...Ch. 23.3 - Distinguish genetic draft from gene flow in terms...Ch. 23.3 - WH AT IF? Suppose two plant populations exchange...Ch. 23.4 - What is the relative fitness of a sterile mule?...
Ch. 23.4 - Explain why natural selection is the only...Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 23 - Typically. most of the nucleotide variabillity...Ch. 23 - Is it circular reasoning to calculate p ond q from...Ch. 23 - Would two small, geographically isolated...Ch. 23 - How might secondary sex characteristics in males...Ch. 23 - Natural selection changes allele frequencies...Ch. 23 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 23 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 23 - There are 25 individuals in population 1, all with...Ch. 23 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 23 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Using at least two examples,...Ch. 23 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 23 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 23 - SYNTHESI2E YOUR KNOWLEDGE This kettle lake forracd...
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- A mountain region has a population of 5,000 mountain goats. You score these animals for the R locus and find that this locus has two alleles, R (dominant) and r (recessive). 3200 individuals are homozygous dominant, 1,600 are heterozygous, and 200 are homozygous recessive. a) Calculate the allele frequencies for this population. Show your work. b) Calculate the observed genotypic frequencies for this population. Show your work. c) Calculate the expected genotype frequencies if the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Show your work. d) Does this population appear to be at H-W equilibrium? Why or why not? (You do not need to analyze this statistically).arrow_forwardSuppose that frequency of a recessive phenotype, white fur color, is about 0.16 (16%) in the local squirrel population. a) What is the frequency of the recessive allele (w)? b) What is the frequency of the dominant allele (W)? c) What percentage of the local squirrel population are not white, but are carriers of the recessive white allele? A/ A/arrow_forwardThe MN blood group is of interest to population geneticists because (a) people with genotype MN cannot receive blood transfusions from either MM or NN people (b) the MM, MN, and NN genotype frequencies can be observed directly and compared with calculated expected frequencies (c) the M allele is dominant to the N allele (d) people with the MN genotype exhibit frequency-dependent selection (e) people with the MN genotype exhibit heterozygote advantagearrow_forward
- Imagine a locus with two alleles. Mutation at this locus changes one allele to the other (i.e. it does not create a new allele). If the rate of mutation from allele 1 to allele 2 is 0.00005 and the rate of mutation from allele 2 to allele 1 is 0.01, what is the equilibrium frequency of allele 2 (Give your answer to 5 decimal places)?arrow_forwardIn population genetics, for a locus with two alleles, we use the variable q to indicate... a) Freq(A), the frequency of the dominant allele b) Freq(a), the frequency of the recessive allele c) Freq(AA), the frequency of the AA genotype d) Freq(Aa), the frequency of the Aa genotype e) Freq(aa), the frequency of the aa genotypearrow_forwardThe frequency of two alleles in a gene pool is 0.24 (A) and 0.76 (a). Assume that the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. a) Calculate the percentage of heterozygous individuals in the population. Enter your response rounded to two decimal places, do not include % sign. b) Calculate the percentage of homozygous recessive individuals in the population. Enter your response rounded to two decimal places, do not include % sign.arrow_forward
- (22) A 35- year old woman and her 35-year old husband come to the physician for genetic counselling after their son is diagnosed with a rare metabolic disease. The carrier frequency of this disorder in the general population is 1 of 100. Assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrum, which of the following bst represents the incidence of this condition in the general population (A) 1 of 4000 (B) 1 of 10000 (c) 1 of 16000 (D) 1 of 24000 (E) 1 of 40000arrow_forwardA researcher examines a locus, or marker, in which there is a particular C/T polymorphism in a population of interest. Let’s call this Locus 1. They obtain the following genotype counts in a sample of the population: CC:42, CT:16, TT:32. a) Calculate the genotype frequencies and the allele frequencies for Locus 1 in the sample.b) Calculate the observed heterozygosity (the frequency of heterozygotes) and the observed homozygosity (the total frequency of all homozygotes) in the sample. Ensure that these two frequencies add up to 1.arrow_forwardConsidering the Hardy-Weinberg theorem’s assumptions, which of the following statements is NOT correct? (Recall that there are certain assumptions that must be true in order for the Hardy-Weinberg theorem to accurately predict genotype ratios in the next generation.)a) The population must be very large so there random genetic drift will not occur.b) No natural selection can occur.c) Mating must be random.d) Individuals must migrate into and out of the population so that gene flow will occur.e) Mutations must not occur.arrow_forward
- Short eyelashes are dominant to extra-long eye lashes. In a large, randomly mating population with no forces acting to change gene frequencies, 1600 people out of 10000 have extra-long eye lashes. a)What is the number of people in the population who are expected to be heterozygous? Show your calculation below. b) Would the frequency of the extra-long lash allele increase, decrease, or remain the same if long-lashed individuals preferentially mated with each other and no one else? Explain.arrow_forwarda.)If the frequency of an allele at a locus of interest is 0.57, what is the frequency of the genotype that is homozygous for this allele (that is, that genotype has two copies of this allele)? b.) If we know that the frequency of an allele at a locus of interest is 0.57, we have enough information to calculate the frequency of the related phenotypes in the population, assuming there are only two alleles.arrow_forwardAt least one of the discoverers of this genetic equilibrium (Hardy) developed this HW equation to show that the dominant allele will not always take over the population just because that allele has a dominant effect on the phenotype. What additional factor would have to be present to cause a dominant allele to increase to a frequency of 100%? Why is this factor essential for the dominant allele to “take over” the gene pool?arrow_forward
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