Study Guide for Chemistry: The Central Science

14th Edition

ISBN: 9780134554075

Author: Theodore E. Brown, H. Eugene LeMay, Bruce E. Bursten, Catherine Murphy, Patrick Woodward, Matthew E. Stoltzfus, James C. Hill

Publisher: PEARSON

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Atoms and Molecules

An atom is the smallest unit of an element that possesses all the properties of that particular element. Molecules are the smallest unit of a substance that possess all the properties of that particular substance.

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Chapter 2.3, Problem 2.1.2PE

Practice Exercise 2
The diameter of a cartoon atom is 1.54 A. a Express this diameter in picometers
b. How many carbon atoms could be aligned side by side across the width of a pencil line that is 0 20 mm wide?

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Chapter 2.3, Problem 2.1.1PE

Chapter 2.3, Problem 2.2.1PE

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Chapter 2 Solutions

Study Guide for Chemistry: The Central Science

Ch. 2.3 - Which of the following factors determines the size...Ch. 2.3 - Practice Exercise 2 The diameter of a cartoon atom...Ch. 2.3 - Practice Exercise 1 Which of these atoms has the...Ch. 2.3 - Practice Exercise 2 How many protons, neutrons,...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 2.3.1PE Ch. 2.3 - Practice Exercise 2 Give the complete chemical...Ch. 2.4 - Practice Exercise 1 There are two stable isotopes...Ch. 2.4 - Practice Exercise 2 Three isotopes of silicon...Ch. 2.5 - Practice Exercise 1 A biochemist who is studying...Ch. 2.5 - Practice Exercise 2 Locate Na (sodium) and Br...

Ch. 2.6 - Practice Exercise 1 Tetra carbon dioxide is an...Ch. 2.6 - Practice Exercise 2 Give the empirical formula for...Ch. 2.7 - Practice Exercise 1 In which of the following...Ch. 2.7 - Practice Exercise 2 How many protons, neutrons,...Ch. 2.7 - Practice Exercise 1 Although it is helpful to...Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 2.8.2PE Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 2.9.1PE Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 2.9.2PE Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 2.10.1PE Ch. 2.7 - Practice Exercise 2 Write the empirical formula...Ch. 2.8 - Practice Exercise 1 Which of the follow-mg ox...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.11.2PE Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.12.1PE Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.12.2PE Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.13.1PE Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.13.2PE Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.14.1PE Ch. 2.8 - Practice Exercise 2 Give the chemical fomi uias...Ch. 2.9 - Prob. 2.15.1PE Ch. 2.9 - Prob. 2.15.2PE Ch. 2 - Prob. 1E Ch. 2 - The followmg diagram is a representation of 20...Ch. 2 - 2 3 Four of the boxes in the following periodic...Ch. 2 - 24 Does the following drawing represent a neutral...Ch. 2 - 2.5 Which of the following diagrams most likely...Ch. 2 - Write the chemical formula for the following...Ch. 2 - Prob. 7E Ch. 2 - Prob. 8E Ch. 2 - 2.9 Are these two compounds isomers? Explain....Ch. 2 - 2.10 In the Millikan oil-drop experiment (see...Ch. 2 - A 1.0-g sample of carbon dioxide (002) is fully...Ch. 2 - Hydrogen sulfide is composed of two elements:...Ch. 2 - A chemist finds that 30.82 g of nitrogen will...Ch. 2 - 2 . 14 In a series at exper'ments. a chemist...Ch. 2 - 215 Which of the three subatomic particles was...Ch. 2 - 2.16 An unknown particle is caused to move between...Ch. 2 - 2.17 What fraction of α particle in Rutherford’s...Ch. 2 - it 18 Millikan determined the charge on the...Ch. 2 - The radius of an atom of gold (Au) is about 1.35 Å...Ch. 2 - 220 An atom of rhodium (Rh) has a diameter of...Ch. 2 - 2.21 Answer the following questions without...Ch. 2 - Determine whether each of the following statements...Ch. 2 - Consider an atom of "B. a. How many protons,...Ch. 2 - Consider an atom of 63Cu. a. How many protons,...Ch. 2 - 2.25 3. Define atomic number and mass number b....Ch. 2 - 2 26 Which two of the following are isotopes of...Ch. 2 - How many ptotons, neutrons, and electrons are in...Ch. 2 - 2-28 Each of the following isotopes is used in...Ch. 2 - Prob. 29E Ch. 2 - Fill in the gaps in the following table, assuming...Ch. 2 - Write the correct symbol, with both superscript...Ch. 2 - One way in which Earth's evolution as a planet can...Ch. 2 - 2.33 a. What isotope is used as the standard in...Ch. 2 - 2.34 a. What is the mass in amu of a carbon-12...Ch. 2 - Only two isotopes of copper occur naturally:63Cu...Ch. 2 - 2.36 Rubidium has two naturally occurring...Ch. 2 - a. Thomson’s cathode-ray tube (Figure 2.49) and...Ch. 2 - 2.38 Consider the mass spectrometer shown in...Ch. 2 - Naturally occurring magnesium has the following...Ch. 2 - Mass spectrometry is more often applied to...Ch. 2 - 2-41 For each of the following elements, write its...Ch. 2 - Locate each of the following elements in the...Ch. 2 - 2-43 For each of the following elements, write its...Ch. 2 - 2.44 The elements of group 4A show an interesting...Ch. 2 - 2.45 The structural formulas of the compounds...Ch. 2 - 2.46 Ball-and-stick representations of benzene, a...Ch. 2 - 2447 What are the molecular and empirical formulas...Ch. 2 - 2.48 Two substances have the same molecular and...Ch. 2 - 2.49 Write the empirical formula corresponding to...Ch. 2 - Determine the molecular and empirical formulas of...Ch. 2 - 251 How many hydrogen atoms are un each of the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 52E Ch. 2 - 253 Write the molecular and structural formulas...Ch. 2 - 2-54 Write the molecular and structural formulas...Ch. 2 - Fill in the gaps in the following table’Ch. 2 - 2.56 Fill in the gaps in the following...Ch. 2 - Each of the following elements is capable of...Ch. 2 - Using the periodic table, predict the charges of...Ch. 2 - 2.59 Using the periodic table to guide you,...Ch. 2 - 2-60 The most common charge associated with...Ch. 2 - 2.61 Predict the chemical formula for the ionic...Ch. 2 - Predict the chemical formulas of the compounds...Ch. 2 - Prob. 63E Ch. 2 - Prob. 64E Ch. 2 - Predict whether each of the following compounds is...Ch. 2 - 2.66 Which of the following are ionic, and which...Ch. 2 - Prob. 67E Ch. 2 - Prob. 68E Ch. 2 - 2.69 Give the names and charges of the cation and...Ch. 2 - Give the names and charges of the cation and anion...Ch. 2 - 2.71 Name the following ionic compounds: a....Ch. 2 - Prob. 72E Ch. 2 - 2.73 Write the chemical formulas for the...Ch. 2 - Give the chemical formula for each of the...Ch. 2 - 2.75 Give the name or chemical formula, as...Ch. 2 - Prob. 76E Ch. 2 - 2.T Give the name or Chemical formula, as...Ch. 2 - The oxides of nitrogen are very important...Ch. 2 - Prob. 79E Ch. 2 - Assume that you encounter the following sentences...Ch. 2 - a. What is a hydrocarbon? b. Pentane is the alkane...Ch. 2 - 2.82 a. What is meant by the term isomer? b. Among...Ch. 2 - 2.83 What is a functional group? What functional...Ch. 2 - 2.84 Consider the following organic substances:...Ch. 2 - 2.85 Chloropropane is derived from propane by...Ch. 2 - 2.86 Draw the structural formulas for three...Ch. 2 - Suppose a scientist repeats the Millikan oil-drop...Ch. 2 - 2.88 The natural abundance of 3He is...Ch. 2 - A cube of gold that is 1.00 cm on a side has a...Ch. 2 - 2.90 The diameter of a rubidium atom is 4.95 A....Ch. 2 - 2.91 Assuming the dimensions of the nucleus and...Ch. 2 - 2.92 Identify the element reoresented by the each...Ch. 2 - 2.93 The nucleus of 6Li is a powerful absorber of...Ch. 2 - The element oxygen has three naturally occurring...Ch. 2 - The element lead (Pb) consists of four naturally...Ch. 2 - 2.96 Gallium (Ga) consists of two naturally...Ch. 2 - Using a suitable reference such as the CRC...Ch. 2 - There are two different isotopes of bromine atoms....Ch. 2 - 2.99 It is common in mass spectrometry to assume...Ch. 2 - From the following list of elements—Ar, H, Ga, Al,...Ch. 2 - 2.101 The first atoms of seaborgium (Sg) were...Ch. 2 - 2.102 The explosion of an atomic bomb releases...Ch. 2 - 2.103. A U.S. 1-cent coin (a penny) has a...Ch. 2 - 2.104 The U.S. Mint produces a dollar coin called...Ch. 2 - 2.105 From the molecular structures shown here,...Ch. 2 - 2.106 Name each of the following oxides. Assuming...Ch. 2 - Prob. 107AE Ch. 2 - 2.108 Cyclopropane is an interesting hydrocarbon....Ch. 2 - Prob. 109AE Ch. 2 - Prob. 110AE Ch. 2 - Give the chemical names of each of the following...Ch. 2 - 2.112 Many familiar substances have common,...Ch. 2 - 2.113 Because many ions and compounds have very...Ch. 2 - 2.114 In what part of the atom does the strong...

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Practice Exercise 2 The diameter of a cartoon atom is 1.54 A. a Express this diameter in picometers b. How many carbon atoms could be aligned side by side across the width of a pencil line that is 0 20 mm wide?

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Chapter 2 Solutions