Concept explainers
To explain: The mechanism by which glowing in the dark could benefit the mushroom.
Concept introduction: Mushrooms are the fruiting body of club
To explain: What might be the reason why species with unusual trait live in the same region.
Concept introduction: Mushrooms are the fruiting body of club fungi meant for their sexual reproduction. They produce sexual spores in this special structure as seeds inside a fruit. Other than just a fruiting body, some mushrooms are found to have some unusual traits that make them rare. Some scientists have discovered mushrooms with bioluminescent power from Brazil and Vietnam. The phenomenon by which mushrooms emit light is called bioluminescence. It is an enzyme-dependent process in which a light emitting compound namely luciferin undergoes oxidation with the help of an enzyme called luciferase, which results in the emission of light.
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Chapter 23 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
- Make a simple model illustrating how tomato plants might be able to detect insects on a neighboring plant and protect themselves from infestation and how the components of this system interact. Show how fungi transfer information from insect-infested tomato plants to nearby uninfested tomato plants. Be sure to label any inputs and outputs in the model.arrow_forwardSuppose an efficient conducting system evolved in a moss that could transport water and other materials as high as a tall tree. Which of the following statements about “trees” of such a species would not be true? (A) Spore dispersal distances would probably increase. (B) Females could produce only one archegonium. (C) Unless its body parts were strengthened, such a “tree” would probably flop over. (D) Individuals would probably compete more effectively for access to light.arrow_forwardZygomycete bread molds such as Rhizopus stolonifer (black bread mold) produce sporangia in both sexual and asexual reproductive cycles. Which of the following do the sexual sporangia of Rhizopus stolonifer originate from (i.e. what does the sporangia grow out of)? Select one: O a. from the aseptate hyphae O b. from the zygosporangium O c. from the substrate O d. from the gametangiaarrow_forward
- Read these two statements about plant-fungal interactions, then pick the statement below that is TRUE. (A) Root fungi in phylum Ascomycota can cause plants to produce antioxidants that provide protection against the stress of drought, and plants feed carbon to the fungi in their roots. (B) Root fungi and plants have evolved mutual benefits through a long history of interaction, in which fungi that provided the greatest benefits to plants had the highest fitness because of the carbon the plants fed them, and plants that supported fungi had the highest fitness because of the protection provided by the fungi. (A) is a proximate cause for plant-fungal symbiosis, whereas (B) is an ultimate cause. O (A) is an ultimate cause for plant-fungal symbiosis, whereas (B) is a proximate cause. Understanding plant-fungal interactions would NOT require cost-benefit analysis because there are no fitness trade-offs. (A) is an innate behavior and (B) is a learned behavior. O O O Oarrow_forwardThe ascomycete fungus that causes chestnut blight and has killed an estimated 4 billion chestnut trees in North America was accidentally imported from Asia. Why are plants particularly vulnerable to fungi imported from other regions? How do the plants in Asia protect themselves against ascomycete fungus so they are not affected?arrow_forwardMany fungi produce chemicals that inhibit bacterial growth. Why might the genes encoding these chemicals be adaptive to fungi?arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is accurate? a) All plants have identical sporangia, all producing the same type of spores b) Plants have an embryo that is protected inside (and nourished by) the gametophyte c) Gametangia produce gametes by meiosis whereas sporangia produce spores by mitosis d) Gametangia always produce haploid gametes whereas sporangia produce diploid spores e) Gametangia are multicellular structures whereas sporangia are unicellular structuresarrow_forwardExplain the myth of 'fairy rings' created by the mushrooms after heavy rain in the forest?arrow_forwardWhich of the following comparisons between the moss life cycle and fern life cycle are correct? A) Mosses have flagellated sperm that need water to reach the female gamete, while the sperm of ferns are unflagellated and are not dependent on water.B) The sporophyte generation is smaller than the gametophyte generation in mosses, but the sporophyte generation is much larger than the gametophyte generation in ferns.C) The spores are produced in capsules on stalks in mosses but in small structures called sori on the underside of leaves in ferns.D) The gametes are produced in gametangia in mosses but in specialized structures on the underside of leaves in ferns.E) Both kinds of plants depend on wind for dispersal of spores.arrow_forward
- The basidium of the club fungi could be correctly described as; A reproductive structure that produces diploid spores A sexual reproductive structure that produces 4 haploid spores An asexual reproductive structure that produces thousands of spores A sexually reproductive structure that produces 8 haploid sporesarrow_forwardhttp://botit.botany.wisc.edu/botany_130/diversity/plants/mosses.html Make a complete moss life cycle with the following phases and structures. Note: download the images of Mnium from this link and arrange them in the exact sequence to make the lifecycle. Lifecycle structures with cell division: Meiosis, fertilization within archegonium, capsule (sporangium), spores (n), protonema (n) (Image), male gametophyte (n) (Image), female gametophyte (n) (Image), antheridia (Image), archegonia (Image), sperm, egg, water, zygote (2n), embryo, young growing sporophyte (2n), mature sporophyte (2n) (Image), rhizoids. You can insert the non-image part, using the textbox and fill out the suitable s text. For symbol, click on the shape option and inter in your lifecycle diagram at the required placearrow_forwardAs shown many plants of the desert plant Lithops. How many leaves does each plant have? (By the way, even if you grow these in ideal conditions, they never have more than this number.)arrow_forward