Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605197
Author: Dee Unglaub Silverthorn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 22.6, Problem 16CC
Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the oral glucose tolerance test will give a similar result on taking equal amounts of table sugar in place of glucose.

Introduction: The oral glucose tolerance test is the diabetes diagnostic test. The person is given a drink containing 75 grams of glucose dissolved in water. The concentration of plasma glucose is measured every 30 minutes for 2 hours.the plasma. The response obtained after ingestion of glucose will be different in a healthy, prediabetic, or diabetic person in oral glucose tolerance test.

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1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple different routes of administration provides greater insight than just a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250 g rats following bolus iv, oral (po), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.Using this data and set of graphs, determine: (a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data  (b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data  (c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data  (d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip  (e) absolute po bioavailability, (f)Fpo absolute ip bioavailability, Fip    MAKE SURE ANSWERS HAVE UNITS if appropriate. SHOW ALL WORK, including equation used, variables used and each step to your solution.
2. Drug quantification from plasma is commonly performed by using techniques such as HPLC or LC/MS. However, these methods do have limitations, and investigators may choose to use a radiolabeled analog of a drug instead. Radioligands are molecules that contain radioactive isotopes, commonly 3H or 14C. This technique allows investigators to quantify drug concentration from radiation measurements. The following measurements were made in 250 g rats following oral administration of 18.2 µCi of a 14C-labeled drug of interest: Time (min) Plasma Radiation Levels (µCi/L) 0 0.0 2 9.7 4 19.2 7 25.3 9 37.8 12 39.6 14 45.8 17 48.8 20 52.0 25 56.4 30 59.2 35 60.1 40 61.1 45 62.1 50 62.8 60 63.1 70 62.1 80 60.1 90 57.3 100 55.5 110 53.7 120 52.2 150 48.0 180 45.0 240 39.0  Note that a µCi is a measure of the amount of radioactivity and hence is a measure of the amount of drug present.  Given that the oral bioavailability of this drug is known to be essentially 100%, estimate the following from this…
The current nutrition labelling regulation in Hong Kong requires food manufacturer to list E+7 information on the package of pre-packaged food products. Do you think that more nutrients, such as calcium and cholesterol, shall be included?

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Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)

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