Chapter 22.13, Problem 27P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The reason why during glycolysis, $\text{glucose-6-phosphate}$ isomerizes to $\text{fructcose-6-phosphate}$ before the cleavage reaction with aldolase takes place has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

• Enzyme is a protein that is a biological catalyst. The reactant in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme is called substrate. In the enzyme, a pocket like cleft is present called active site where it binds the substrate.
• Some amino acid chains in the enzyme act as base, acid and nucleophilic catalyst. Many of the enzymes contain metal ions at the active site which acts as catalyst.
• Acid Catalyst helps in increasing the rate of a particular reaction by the donation of a proton to substrate.
• Base Catalyst helps in increasing the rate of a particular reaction by the removal of a proton to substrate.
• Nucleophilic catalysis helps in increasing the rate of a particular reaction by the formation of a covalent bond with substrate
• Glycolysis: A series of reactions where glucose is converted to two pyruvate molecules in the presence of enzymes catalysis.