
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The electronic configuration, magnetic character and the number of unpaired electrons for the given set of high spin tetrahedral complexes has to be determined.
Concept introduction: The
The properties of the coordination compounds depend upon the primary and secondary valency of the metal ion in the coordination sphere. The electrical conductivity depends upon the number of ions that are produced by complex.
The strong-field ligands results in pairing of electrons present in the complex and leads to diamagnetic species , while the low-field ligand do not have tendency to pair up the electrons therefore forms paramagnetic species.
The strong field ligands lead to splitting to a higher extent than the weak field ligands and the
The five d orbitals get divided into two sets that is
Electronic configuration: It is defined as the distribution of electrons present in the atom over orbitals following certain rules like electrons starts filling the lower energy orbital to higher energy, pairing of electrons does not occur until all the orbitals are singly filled and finally no electrons present in orbital can have same set of quantum numbers.
(a)

Answer to Problem 45PS
The given complex contains 4 unpaired electrons since the given complex is high spin complex where electrons present in higher energy d orbitals. Therefore, the given complex is paramagnetic.
Explanation of Solution
Examining the given complex shows that
The oxidation state for
Now considering the charge of metal atom the outer electrons present in the given complex is six distributed over d orbitals as follows,
The above configuration clearly shows that there exist 4 unpaired electrons since the given condition says that it is high spin complex where pairing of electrons does not occur and the electrons tends to present at higher level of d orbitals hence the given complex is paramagnetic.
(b)
Interpretation: The electronic configuration, magnetic character and the number of unpaired electrons for the given set of high spin tetrahedral complexes has to be determined.
Concept introduction: The transition metal atoms have tendency to form complex compounds that are linked to the certain neutral or ionic species which leads to the formation of coordination compounds. There exists a large number of coordination compounds that have a large number of applications in the chemical industry as well as in daily life.
The properties of the coordination compounds depend upon the primary and secondary valency of the metal ion in the coordination sphere. The electrical conductivity depends upon the number of ions that are produced by complex.
The strong-field ligands results in pairing of electrons present in the complex and leads to diamagnetic species , while the low-field ligand do not have tendency to pair up the electrons therefore forms paramagnetic species.
The strong field ligands lead to splitting to a higher extent than the weak field ligands and the wavelength of light absorbed depends on the energy gap that is produced by a particular ligand.
The five d orbitals get divided into two sets that is
Electronic configuration: It is defined as the distribution of electrons present in the atom over orbitals following certain rules like electrons starts filling the lower energy orbital to higher energy, pairing of electrons does not occur until all the orbitals are singly filled and finally no electrons present in orbital can have same set of quantum numbers.
(b)

Answer to Problem 45PS
The given complex contains 3 unpaired electrons and it is paramagnetic.
Explanation of Solution
Examining the given complex shows that
The oxidation state for
Now considering the charge of metal atom the outer electrons present in the given complex is 7 distributed over d orbitals as follows,
The above configuration clearly shows that there exist 3 unpaired electrons since the given condition says that it is high spin complex where pairing of electrons does not occur and the electrons tends to present at higher level of d orbitals hence the given complex is paramagnetic.
(c)
Interpretation: The electronic configuration, magnetic character and the number of unpaired electrons for the given set of high spin tetrahedral complexes has to be determined.
Concept introduction: The transition metal atoms have tendency to form complex compounds that are linked to the certain neutral or ionic species which leads to the formation of coordination compounds. There exists a large number of coordination compounds that have a large number of applications in the chemical industry as well as in daily life.
The properties of the coordination compounds depend upon the primary and secondary valency of the metal ion in the coordination sphere. The electrical conductivity depends upon the number of ions that are produced by complex.
The strong-field ligands results in pairing of electrons present in the complex and leads to diamagnetic species, while the low-field ligand do not have tendency to pair up the electrons therefore forms paramagnetic species.
The strong field ligands lead to splitting to a higher extent than the weak field ligands and the wavelength of light absorbed depends on the energy gap that is produced by a particular ligand.
The five d orbitals get divided into two sets that is
Electronic configuration: It is defined as the distribution of electrons present in the atom over orbitals following certain rules like electrons starts filling the lower energy orbital to higher energy, pairing of electrons does not occur until all the orbitals are singly filled and finally no electrons present in orbital can have same set of quantum numbers.
(c)

Answer to Problem 45PS
The given complex contains 5 unpaired electrons and it is paramagnetic.
Explanation of Solution
Examining the given complex shows that
The oxidation state for
Now considering the charge of metal atom the outer electrons present in the given complex is five distributed over d orbitals as follows,
The above configuration clearly shows that there exist 5 unpaired electrons since the given condition says that it is high spin complex where pairing of electrons does not occur and the electrons tends to present at higher level of d orbitals hence the given complex is paramagnetic.
(d)
Interpretation: The electronic configuration, magnetic character and the number of unpaired electrons for the given set of high spin tetrahedral complexes has to be determined.
Concept introduction: The transition metal atoms have tendency to form complex compounds that are linked to the certain neutral or ionic species which leads to the formation of coordination compounds. There exists a large number of coordination compounds that have a large number of applications in the chemical industry as well as in daily life.
The properties of the coordination compounds depend upon the primary and secondary valancy of the metal ion in the coordination sphere. The electrical conductivity depends upon the number of ions that are produced by complex.
The strong-field ligands results in pairing of electrons present in the complex and leads to diamagnetic species , while the low-field ligand do not have tendency to pair up the electrons therefore forms paramagnetic species.
The strong field ligands lead to splitting to a higher extent than the weak field ligands and the wavelength of light absorbed depends on the energy gap that is produced by a particular ligand.
The five d orbitals get divided into two sets that is
Electronic configuration: It is defined as the distribution of electrons present in the atom over orbitals following certain rules like electrons starts filling the lower energy orbital to higher energy, pairing of electrons does not occur until all the orbitals are singly filled and finally no electrons present in orbital can have same set of quantum numbers.
(d)

Answer to Problem 45PS
The given complex contains 0 unpaired electron hence it is diamagnetic.
Explanation of Solution
Examining the given complex shows that
The oxidation state for
Now considering the charge of metal atom the outer electrons present in the given complex is four distributed over d orbitals as follows,
The above configuration clearly shows that there are 0 unpaired electron since the given condition says that it is high spin complex where pairing of electrons does not occur and the electrons tends to present at higher level of d orbitals but the given metal has more electrons which has to be paired in order to accommodate them into the orbitals hence the given complex is diamagnetic.
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Chapter 22 Solutions
OWLv2 6-Months Printed Access Card for Kotz/Treichel/Townsend's Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity, 9th, 9th Edition
- Identifying the major species in weak acid or weak base equilibria The preparations of two aqueous solutions are described in the table below. For each solution, write the chemical formulas of the major species present at equilibrium. You can leave out water itself. Write the chemical formulas of the species that will act as acids in the 'acids' row, the formulas of the species that will act as bases in the 'bases' row, and the formulas of the species that will act as neither acids nor bases in the 'other' row. You will find it useful to keep in mind that HF is a weak acid. 2.2 mol of NaOH is added to 1.0 L of a 1.4M HF solution. acids: П bases: Х other: ☐ ப acids: 0.51 mol of KOH is added to 1.0 L of a solution that is bases: 1.3M in both HF and NaF. other: ☐ 00. 18 Ararrow_forwardUsing reaction free energy to predict equilibrium composition Consider the following equilibrium: N2O4 (g) 2NO2 (g) AG⁰ = 5.4 kJ Now suppose a reaction vessel is filled with 1.68 atm of dinitrogen tetroxide (N204) at 148. °C. Answer the following questions about this system: rise Under these conditions, will the pressure of N2O4 tend to rise or fall? x10 fall Is it possible to reverse this tendency by adding NO2? In other words, if you said the pressure of N2O4 will tend to rise, can that be changed to a tendency to fall by adding NO2? Similarly, if you said the pressure of N2O4 will tend to fall, can that be changed to a tendency to rise by adding NO2? If you said the tendency can be reversed in the second question, calculate the minimum pressure of NO 2 needed to reverse it. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. yes no 0.42 atm ☑ 5 0/5 ? مله Ararrow_forwardHomework 13 (Ch17) Question 4 of 4 (1 point) | Question Attempt: 2 of 2 ✓ 1 ✓ 2 = 3 4 Time Remaining: 4:25:54 Using the thermodynamic information in the ALEKS Data tab, calculate the standard reaction free energy of the following chemical reaction: 2CH3OH (g)+302 (g) → 2CO2 (g) + 4H₂O (g) Round your answer to zero decimal places. ☐ kJ x10 ☐ Subm Check 2020 Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Cearrow_forward
- Identifying the major species in weak acid or weak base equilibria Your answer is incorrect. • Row 2: Your answer is incorrect. • Row 3: Your answer is incorrect. • Row 6: Your answer is incorrect. 0/5 The preparations of two aqueous solutions are described in the table below. For each solution, write the chemical formulas of the major species present at equilibrium. You can leave out water itself. Write the chemical formulas of the species that will act as acids in the 'acids' row, the formulas of the species that will act as bases in the 'bases' row, and the formulas of the species that will act as neither acids nor bases in the 'other' row. You will find it useful to keep in mind that HF is a weak acid. acids: HF 0.1 mol of NaOH is added to 1.0 L of a 0.7M HF solution. bases: 0.13 mol of HCl is added to 1.0 L of a solution that is 1.0M in both HF and KF. Exponent other: F acids: HF bases: F other: K 1 0,0,... ? 000 18 Ararrow_forwardUsing reaction free energy to predict equilibrium composition Consider the following equilibrium: 2NOCI (g) 2NO (g) + Cl2 (g) AGº =41. kJ Now suppose a reaction vessel is filled with 4.50 atm of nitrosyl chloride (NOCI) and 6.38 atm of chlorine (C12) at 212. °C. Answer the following questions about this system: ? rise Under these conditions, will the pressure of NOCI tend to rise or fall? x10 fall Is it possible to reverse this tendency by adding NO? In other words, if you said the pressure of NOCI will tend to rise, can that be changed to a tendency to fall by adding NO? Similarly, if you said the pressure of NOCI will tend to fall, can that be changed to a tendency to rise by adding NO? yes no If you said the tendency can be reversed in the second question, calculate the minimum pressure of NO needed to reverse it. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. 0.035 atm ✓ G 00. 18 Ararrow_forwardHighlight each glycosidic bond in the molecule below. Then answer the questions in the table under the drawing area. HO- HO- -0 OH OH HO NG HO- HO- OH OH OH OH NG OHarrow_forward
- € + Suppose the molecule in the drawing area below were reacted with H₂ over a platinum catalyst. Edit the molecule to show what would happen to it. That is, turn it into the product of the reaction. Also, write the name of the product molecule under the drawing area. Name: ☐ H C=0 X H- OH HO- H HO- -H CH₂OH ×arrow_forwardDraw the Haworth projection of the disaccharide made by joining D-glucose and D-mannose with a ẞ(1-4) glycosidic bond. If the disaccharide has more than one anomer, you can draw any of them. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. Xarrow_forwardEpoxides can be opened in aqueous acid or aqueous base to produce diols (molecules with two OH groups). In this question, you'll explore the mechanism of epoxide opening in aqueous acid. 2nd attempt Be sure to show all four bonds at stereocenters using hash and wedge lines. 0 0 Draw curved arrows to show how the epoxide reacts with hydronium ion. 100 +1: 1st attempt Feedback Be sure to show all four bonds at stereocenters using hash and wedge lines. See Periodic Table See Hint H A 5 F F Hr See Periodic Table See Hintarrow_forward
- 03 Question (1 point) For the reaction below, draw both of the major organic products. Be sure to consider stereochemistry. > 1. CH₂CH₂MgBr 2. H₂O 3rd attempt Draw all four bonds at chiral centers. Draw all stereoisomers formed. Draw the structures here. e 130 AN H See Periodic Table See Hint P C Brarrow_forwardYou may wish to address the following issues in your response if they are pertinent to the reaction(s) you propose to employ:1) Chemoselectivity (why this functional group and not another?) 2) Regioselectivity (why here and not there?) 3) Stereoselectivity (why this stereoisomer?) 4) Changes in oxidation state. Please make it in detail and draw it out too in what step what happens. Thank you for helping me!arrow_forward1) Chemoselectivity (why this functional group and not another?) 2) Regioselectivity (why here and not there?) 3) Stereoselectivity (why this stereoisomer?) 4) Changes in oxidation state. Everything in detail and draw out and write it.arrow_forward
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