Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042282
Author: Paula Yurkanis Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 22, Problem 31P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The compound having greatest rate of hydrolysis at
Concept introduction:
Catalyst: Substance which helps in increasing the rate of a particular reaction without getting consumed in the reaction.
Acid Catalyst: A catalyst which helps in increasing the rate of a particular reaction by the donation of a proton. There are two types of catalysis:
- Specific-acid catalysis: Proton is completely transferred before the slow step to the reactant in a reaction
- General-acid catalysis: Proton is completely transferred during the slow step to the reactant in a reaction
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
What are the IUPAC Names of all the compounds in the picture?
1) a) Give the dominant Intermolecular Force (IMF) in a sample of each of the following
compounds. Please show your work. (8) SF2, CH,OH, C₂H₂
b) Based on your answers given above, list the compounds in order of their Boiling Point
from low to high. (8)
19.78 Write the products of the following sequences of reactions. Refer to your reaction road-
maps to see how the combined reactions allow you to "navigate" between the different
functional groups. Note that you will need your old Chapters 6-11 and Chapters 15-18
roadmaps along with your new Chapter 19 roadmap for these.
(a)
1. BHS
2. H₂O₂
3. H₂CrO4
4. SOCI₂
(b)
1. Cl₂/hv
2. KOLBU
3. H₂O, catalytic H₂SO4
4. H₂CrO4
Reaction
Roadmap
An alkene 5. EtOH
6.0.5 Equiv. NaOEt/EtOH
7. Mild H₂O
An alkane
1.0
2. (CH3)₂S
3. H₂CrO
(d)
(c)
4. Excess EtOH, catalytic H₂SO
OH
4. Mild H₂O*
5.0.5 Equiv. NaOEt/EtOH
An alkene 6. Mild H₂O*
A carboxylic
acid
7. Mild H₂O*
1. SOC₁₂
2. EtOH
3.0.5 Equiv. NaOEt/E:OH
5.1.0 Equiv. NaOEt
6.
NH₂
(e)
1. 0.5 Equiv. NaOEt/EtOH
2. Mild H₂O*
Br
(f)
i
H
An aldehyde
1. Catalytic NaOE/EtOH
2. H₂O*, heat
3. (CH,CH₂)₂Culi
4. Mild H₂O*
5.1.0 Equiv. LDA
Br
An ester
4. NaOH, H₂O
5. Mild H₂O*
6. Heat
7.
MgBr
8. Mild H₂O*
7. Mild H₂O+
Chapter 22 Solutions
Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
Ch. 22.2 - Compare each of the mechanisms listed here with...Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 3PCh. 22.2 - Prob. 4PCh. 22.3 - a. Draw the mechanism for the following reaction...Ch. 22.5 - Prob. 7PCh. 22.5 - Propose a mechanism for the Co2+ catalyzed...Ch. 22.6 - Prob. 9PCh. 22.7 - Prob. 10PCh. 22.7 - Prob. 12PCh. 22.7 - Prob. 13P
Ch. 22.9 - Which of the following amino acid side chains can...Ch. 22.9 - Which of the following C-terminal peptide bonds is...Ch. 22.9 - Carboxypeptidase A has esterase activity as well...Ch. 22.10 - Arginine and lysine side chains fit into trypsins...Ch. 22.10 - Explain why serine proteases do not catalyze...Ch. 22.11 - If H2 18O is used in the hydrolysis reaction...Ch. 22.11 - Draw the pH-activity profile for an enzyme that...Ch. 22.12 - The pHactivity profile for glucose-6-phosphate...Ch. 22.12 - Prob. 23PCh. 22.13 - Draw the mechanism for the hydroxide ion-catalyzed...Ch. 22.13 - What advantage does the enzyme gain by forming an...Ch. 22.13 - Prob. 26PCh. 22.13 - Prob. 27PCh. 22.13 - Aldolase shows no activity if it is incubated with...Ch. 22 - Which of the following parameters would be...Ch. 22 - Prob. 29PCh. 22 - Prob. 30PCh. 22 - Prob. 31PCh. 22 - Indicate the type of catalysis that is occurring...Ch. 22 - The deuterium kinetic isotope effect (KH2O/KD2O)...Ch. 22 - Prob. 34PCh. 22 - Co2+ catalyzes the hydrolysis of the lactam shown...Ch. 22 - there are two kinds of aldolases. Class I...Ch. 22 - Prob. 37PCh. 22 - The hydrolysis of the ester shown here is...Ch. 22 - Prob. 39PCh. 22 - At pH = 12, the rate of hydrolysis of ester A is...Ch. 22 - 2-Acetoxycyclohexyl tosylate reacts with acetate...Ch. 22 - Proof that an imine was formed between aldolase...Ch. 22 - Prob. 43PCh. 22 - a. Explain why the alkyl halide shown here reacts...Ch. 22 - Triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) catalyzes the...
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- Li+ is a hard acid. With this in mind, which if the following compounds should be most soluble in water? Group of answer choices LiBr LiI LiF LiClarrow_forwardQ4: Write organic product(s) of the following reactions and show the curved-arrow mechanism of the reactions. Br MeOH OSO2CH3 MeOHarrow_forwardProvide the correct IUPAC name for the compound shown here. Reset cis- 5- trans- ☑ 4-6- 2- 1- 3- di iso tert- tri cyclo sec- oct but hept prop hex pent yl yne ene anearrow_forward
- Q6: Predict the major product(s) for the following reactions. Note the mechanism (SN1, SN2, E1 or E2) the reaction proceeds through. If no reaction takes place, indicate why. Pay attention to stereochemistry. NaCN DMF Br σ Ilm... Br H Br H H NaCN CH3OH KOtBu tBuOH NaBr H₂O LDA Et2O (CH3)2CHOH KCN DMSO NaOH H₂O, A LDA LDA Systemarrow_forwardQ7: For the following reactions, indicate the reaction conditions that would provide the indicated product in a high yield. Note the major reaction pathway that would take place (SN1, SN2, E1, or E2) Note: There may be other products that are not shown. There maybe more than one plausible pathway. Br H3C OH H3C CI ... H3C SCH2CH3 CI i SCH2CH3 ཨ་ Br System Settarrow_forwardQ2: Rank the compounds in each of the following groups in order of decreasing rate of solvolysis in aqueous acetone. OSO2CF3 OSO2CH3 OH a. b. CI Brarrow_forward
- ох 4-tert-butyl oxy cyclohex-1-ene Incorrect, 1 attempt remaining The systematic name of this compound classifies the -OR group as a substituent of the hydrocarbon, which is considered the principal functional group. The ether substituent is named with the suffix 'oxy'. The general format for the systematic name of a hydrocarbon is: [prefix/substituent] + [parent] + [functional group suffix] Substituents are listed in alphabetical order. Molecules with a chiral center will indicate the absolute configuration at the beginning of its name with the R and S notation.arrow_forward5. Compressibility (6 points total). The isothermal compressibility is a measure of how hard/easy it is to compress an object (how squishy is it?) at constant temperature. It is др defined as Br=-()=-(200²)T' (a) You might wonder why there is a negative sign in this formula. What does it mean when this quantity is positive and what does it mean when this quantity is negative? (b) Derive the formula for the isothermal compressibility of an ideal gas (it is very simple!) (c) Explain under what conditions for the ideal gas the compressibility is higher or lower, and why that makes sense.arrow_forward19. (3 pts) in Chapter 7 we will see a reaction of halocyclohexanes that requires that the halogen occupy an axial position with this in mind, would you expect cis-1-bromo-3-methylcyclohexane or trans-1-bromo-3-methylcyclohexane to be more reactive in this reaction? Briefly explain your choice using structures to support your answer. Mere-eries-cecleone) The tran-i-browse-3-methylcyclohexionearrow_forward
- Please help me calculate the undiluted samples ppm concentration. My calculations were 280.11 ppm. Please see if I did my math correctly using the following standard curve. Link: https://mnscu-my.sharepoint.com/:x:/g/personal/vi2163ss_go_minnstate_edu/EVSJL_W0qrxMkUjK2J3xMUEBHDu0UM1vPKQ-bc9HTcYXDQ?e=hVuPC4arrow_forwardProvide an IUPAC name for each of the compounds shown. (Specify (E)/(Z) stereochemistry, if relevant, for straight chain alkenes only. Pay attention to commas, dashes, etc.) H₁₂C C(CH3)3 C=C H3C CH3 CH3CH2CH CI CH3 Submit Answer Retry Entire Group 2 more group attempts remaining Previous Nextarrow_forwardArrange the following compounds / ions in increasing nucleophilicity (least to most nucleophilic) CH3NH2 CH3C=C: CH3COO 1 2 3 5 Multiple Choice 1 point 1, 2, 3 2, 1, 3 3, 1, 2 2, 3, 1 The other answers are not correct 0000arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning
Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305580350
Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285869759
Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher:Cengage Learning