Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605180
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case, Derek Weber, Warner Bair
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 22, Problem 2A
Summary Introduction

Introduction:

A poliomyelitis is a very infectious viral disease caused by polio virus and transmitted through feco-oral route from one person to another person. There is no cure for polio but can be prevented by immunization against polio virus. There are two types of Polio vaccines.

  1. 1. Oral polio vaccine (OPV)
  2. 2. Injectable polio vaccine (IPV)

Oral polio vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine produced by passing poliovirus into nonhuman cells at sublevel temperature which causes mutations in viral genome spontaneously. It is otherwise called as sabin vaccine.

Injectable polio vaccine is a inactivated poliovirus vaccine which provides immunoglobulin G mediated immunity in blood stream. It is 90% effective against all types of polio virus.

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Explain: Healthy Cell Function Overview→ Briefly describe how a healthy cell usually works: metabolism (ATP production), pH balance, glycogen storage, ion transport, enzymes, etc. Gene Mutation and Genetics Part→ Focus on the autosomal recessive mutation and explain: How gene mutation affects the cell. How autosomal inheritance works. Compare the normal and mutated gene sequences simply. → Talk about possible consequences of a faulty hydrolytic enzyme.
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Explain down bellow what happens to the cell: Decreased pH in mitochondria Increased ATP Decreased pH in cytosol Increased hydrolysis Decreasing glycogen and triglycerides Increased MAP kinase activity Poor ion transport → For each one:→ What normally happens?→ What is wrong now?→ How does it mess up the cell?
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