College Physics
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134601823
Author: ETKINA, Eugenia, Planinšič, G. (gorazd), Van Heuvelen, Alan
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 22, Problem 27P
* Can your light be seen? You swim under water at night and shine a laser pointer so that it hits the water- air interface at an incident angle of
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Chapter 22 Solutions
College Physics
Ch. 22 - Prob. 1RQCh. 22 - Review Question 22.2 How can we test the law of...Ch. 22 - Review Question 22.3 Why is the expression light...Ch. 22 -
Review Question 22.4 Why did we study total...Ch. 22 - Review Question 22.5 What is the critical angle...Ch. 22 - Review Question 22.6 Why is the sky blue? Why are...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7RQCh. 22 - 1. How can you convince your friend that a beam of...Ch. 22 - 2. Each point of a light-emitting object
a. sends...Ch. 22 - What is a light ray? a. A thin beam of light b. A...
Ch. 22 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 22 - You fix a point-like light source 3.0m away from a...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 22 - A light ray travels through air and then passes...Ch. 22 - 9. A right triangular prism sits on a base A...Ch. 22 - 10. A laser beam travels through oil in a...Ch. 22 - Prob. 11MCQCh. 22 - Prob. 12MCQCh. 22 - What effects of light radiation and reflection are...Ch. 22 - Prob. 14CQCh. 22 - Prob. 15CQCh. 22 - Explain how a sundial works (a sundial is just a...Ch. 22 - Prob. 17CQCh. 22 - Prob. 18CQCh. 22 - Prob. 19CQCh. 22 - Prob. 20CQCh. 22 - Prob. 21CQCh. 22 - The visible diameters of the Moon and the Sun are...Ch. 22 - The shadow of the Moon on Earth is 200 km wide....Ch. 22 - Prob. 24CQCh. 22 - 25. During the day, you can see the trees in your...Ch. 22 - 26. You look at a fish underwater Draw a ray...Ch. 22 - 27. Take a pencil and try to touch a penny on the...Ch. 22 - 28. Will a beam of light experience total internal...Ch. 22 - Prob. 29CQCh. 22 - Prob. 30CQCh. 22 - Prob. 31CQCh. 22 - Prob. 32CQCh. 22 - 33. What phenomena can be explained using a wave...Ch. 22 - How is it possible that two different models can...Ch. 22 - Oliver has finished building a wall in a house. He...Ch. 22 - Tree height You are standing under a tree. The...Ch. 22 - Lunar eclipse A lunar eclipse happens when the...Ch. 22 - * Shadows during romantic dinner You and a friend...Ch. 22 - * Pinhole camera (camera obscura) You want to make...Ch. 22 - 6. * Solar eclipse Only observers in a very narrow...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7PCh. 22 - An extended light source can be modeled as a group...Ch. 22 - * You have a small mirror. While holding the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 11PCh. 22 - 12. Design a mirror arrangement so that light from...Ch. 22 - Two mirrors are oriented at right angles. A narrow...Ch. 22 - Prob. 14PCh. 22 - A flat mirror is rotated 17 about an axis in the...Ch. 22 - (a) A laser beam passes from air into a 25 glucose...Ch. 22 - 17. A beam of light passes from glass with...Ch. 22 - A beam of light passes from air into a transparent...Ch. 22 - 19. * Moving laser beam An aquarium open at the...Ch. 22 - **Lifting light You have a V-shaped transparent...Ch. 22 - Prob. 21PCh. 22 - Prob. 22PCh. 22 - 23. * BIO Vitreous humor Behind the lens of the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 24PCh. 22 - * Light moving up and toward the right in air...Ch. 22 - * A laser beam is incident at 30 with respect to...Ch. 22 - * Can your light be seen? You swim under water at...Ch. 22 - * Light is incident on the boundary between two...Ch. 22 - 29. Diamond total reflection Determine the...Ch. 22 - Determine the refractive index of a glucose...Ch. 22 - * You wish to use a prism to change the direction...Ch. 22 - * You aim a laser beam (in air) at 80.0 with...Ch. 22 - 33. * Prism total reflection What must be the...Ch. 22 - Gems and critical angles In gemology, two of the...Ch. 22 - (a) The refractive index for the gem aquamarine is...Ch. 22 - 36. * You have three transparent media with...Ch. 22 - 37. (a) Rays of light are incident on a glass-air...Ch. 22 - 42. ** When reaching a boundary between two media,...Ch. 22 - 43. * A laser beam travels from air (n = 1.00)...Ch. 22 - . You sit on a raft and want to orient a mirror so...Ch. 22 - 45. ** Rain sensor Many cars today are equipped...Ch. 22 - Prob. 46PCh. 22 - Prob. 47PCh. 22 - 48. A light ray is incident on a flat piece of...Ch. 22 - 49. * Prism You have a triangular prism made of...Ch. 22 - * You have a candle and a large piece of paper...Ch. 22 - 52. * You place a point-like source of light at...Ch. 22 - 53. ** There is a light pole on one bank of a...Ch. 22 - 54. ** Coated optic fiber An optic fiber of...Ch. 22 - relative to the normal, hits the mirror, reflects,...Ch. 22 - 56. ** A scuba diver stands at the bottom of a...Ch. 22 - Prob. 57RPPCh. 22 - Rainbows How is a rainbow formed? Recall that the...Ch. 22 - Rainbows How is a rainbow formed? Recall that the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 60RPPCh. 22 - Prob. 61RPPCh. 22 - Rainbows How is a rainbow formed? Recall that the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 63RPPCh. 22 - Prob. 64RPPCh. 22 - Rainbows How is a rainbow formed? Recall that the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 66RPPCh. 22 - Prob. 67RPPCh. 22 - Prob. 68RPP
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- Endoscopes are medical instruments used to examine the gastrointestinal tract and other cavities inside the body. The light required for examination is conducted from an outside source along a long, flexible bundle of optical fibers to the tip, where it exits and illuminates the internal cavity. A lens on the lip collects an image of the lighted cavity and another fiber bundle conducts the image back along the endoscope to an eyepiece for viewing (Fig. P22.52). If each fiber in the bundle has diameter d = 1.00 104 m and refractive index n = 1.40, find the smallest outside radius R permitted for a bend in the fiber if no light is to escape. Figure P22.52arrow_forwardWhat is most likely to happen to a beam of light when it reflects from a shiny metallic surface at an arbitrary angle? Choose the best answer, (a) It is totally absorbed by the surface, (b) It is totally polarized, (c) It is un-polarized. (d) It is partially polarized, (e) More information is required.arrow_forwardUnreasonable Results An amateur astronomer wants to build a telescope with a diffraction limit that will allow him to see if there are people on the moons of Jupiter. (a) What diameter mirror is needed to be able to see 1.00 m detail on a Jovian Moon at a distance of 7.50108 km from Earth? The wavelength of light averages 600 nm. (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which assumptions are unreasonable or inconsistent?arrow_forward
- The limit to the eye's acuity is actually related to diffraction by the pupil. (a) What is the angle between two just-resolvable points of light for a 3.00-mm-diameter pupil, assuming an average wavelength of 550 nm? (b) Take your result to be the practical limit for the eye. What is the greatest possible distance a car can be from you if you can resolve its two headlights, given they are 1.30 m apart? (c) What is the distance between two just-resolvable points held at an arm's length (0.800 m) from your eye? (d) How does your answer to (c) compare to details you normally observe in everyday circumstances?arrow_forwardWhen light is incident normally on the interface between two transparent optical media, the intensity of the reflected light is given by the expression S1=(n2n1n2+n1)2S1 In this equation, S1 represents the average magnitude of the Poynting vector in the incident light (the incident intensity), S1 is the reflected intensity, and n1 and n2 are the refractive indices of the two media. (a) What fraction of the incident intensity is reflected for 589-nm light normally incident on an interface between air and crown glass? (b) Does it matter in part (a) whether the light is in the air or in the glass as it strikes the interface?arrow_forwardPierre de Fermat (16011665) showed that whenever light travels from one point to another, its actual path is the path that requires the smallest time interval. This statement is known as Fermats principle. The simplest example is for light propagating in a homogeneous medium. It moves in a straight line because a straight line is the shortest distance between two points. Derive Snells law of refraction from Fermats principle. Proceed as follows. In Figure P34.54, a light ray travels from point P in medium 1 to point Q in medium 2. The two points are, respectively, at perpendicular distances a and b from the interface. The displacement from P to Q has the component d parallel to the interface, and we let x represent the coordinate of the point where the ray enters the second medium. Let t = 0 be the instant the light starts from P. (a) Show that the time at which the light arrives at Q is t=r1v1+r2v2=n1a2+x2c+n2b2+(dx)2c (b) To obtain the value of x for which t has its minimum value, differentiate t with respect to x and set the derivative equal to zero. Show that the result implies n1xa2+x2=n2(dx)b2+(dx)2 (c) Show that this expression in turn gives Snells law. n1sin1=n2sin2 Figure P34.54 Problems 54 and 55.arrow_forward
- Figure P22.16 shows a light ray traveling in a slab of crown glass surrounded by air. The ray is incident on the right surface at an angle of 55 with the normal and then reflects from points A. B, and C. (a) At which of these points does part of the ray enter the air? (b) If the glass slab is surrounded by carbon disulfide, at which point does part of the ray enter the carbon disulfide?arrow_forwardFigure P35.8 shows a refracted light beam in linseed oil making an angle of = 20.0 with the normal line NN The index of refraction of linseed oil is 1.48. Determine the angles (a) and (b) '.arrow_forwardConsider a common mirage formed by superheated air immediately above a roadway. A truck driver whose eyes are 2.00 m above the road, where n = 1.000 293, looks forward. She perceives the illusion of a patch of water ahead on the road. The road appears wet only beyond a point on the road at which her line of sight makes an angle of 1.20 below the horizontal. Find the index of refraction of the air immediately above the road surface.arrow_forward
- You are working as a demonstration assistant for a physics professor. For an upcoming lecture on diffraction gratings, he wishes to perform a demonstration where he shines a laser pointer at normal incidence onto the recorded surface of a DVD that is laying flat on the demonstration table. (a) He asks you to determine how many additional maxima beyond the normal reflection (which will be blocked by his hand holding the laser pointer) will be projected onto the ceiling or walls of the room if he uses a laser pointer with a wavelength of 632.8 nm. (b) He also asks you if he can show more maxima by using a laser pointer of another visible color. The tracks of pits on a DVD are separated by 0.800 m.arrow_forwardLight enters a prism of crown glass and refracts at an angle of 5.00 with respect to the normal at the interface. The crown glass has a mean index of refraction of 1.51. It is combined with one flint glass prism (n = 1.65) to produce no net deviation. a. Find the apex angle of the flint glass. b. Assume the index of refraction for violet light (v = 430 nm) is nv = 1.528 and the index of refraction for red light (r = 768 nm) is nr = 1.511 for crown glass. For flint glass using the same wavelengths, nv = 1.665 and nr = 1.645. Find the net dispersion.arrow_forwardA Fermats principle of least time for refraction. A ray of light traveling in a medium with speed v1 leaves point A and strikes the boundary between the incident and transmitted media a horizontal distance x from point A as shown in Figure P38.98. The refracted ray travels with speed v2 in the second medium, eventually reaching point B. The horizontal distance between points A and B is L. a. Calculate the time t required for the light to travel from A to B in terms of the parameters labeled in the figure. b. Now take the derivative of t with respect to x. What is the condition for which the ray of light will take the shortest time to travel from A to B? Figure P38.98arrow_forward
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Laws of Refraction of Light | Don't Memorise; Author: Don't Memorise;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4l2thi5_84o;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY