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A mass spectrometer is being used to separate common oxygen−16 from the much rarer oxygen−18, taken from a sample of old glacial ice. (The relative
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- The diagram shows a mass spectrometer used for measuring the masses of isotopes. It consists of an ion generator and accelerator, a velocity selector and an ion separator, all in a vacuum. In one experiment, tin ions, each of which carries a charge +1.6 × 10-19C, are produced in the ion generator and are then accelerated by a p.d. of 20kV. Tin has a number of isotopes, two of which are tin-118 (118Sn) and tin-120 (120Sn). (a.) In practice, all ions produced by the ion generator have a range of speeds. A velocity selector is used to isolate ions with a single speed. In the velocity selector, the isolated ions go through undeviated, though being acted upon by forces from both the electric and magnetic fields. (i.) The plates producing the electric field have a separation of 2.0cm. The potentials of the plates are marked on the diagram. What is the magnitude of the force on an ion due to this electric field in the velocity selector? (ii.) Write down the condition and equation which must…arrow_forwardThe diagram shows a mass spectrometer used for measuring the masses of isotopes. It consists of an ion generator and accelerator, a velocity selector and an ion separator, all in a vacuum. In one experiment, tin ions, each of which carries a charge +1.6 × 10-19C, are produced in the ion generator and are then accelerated by a p.d. of 20kV. Tin has a number of isotopes, two of which are tin-118 (118Sn) and tin-120 (120Sn). (c.) After selection, the ions are separated using a magnetic field on its own, as shown in the diagram.(i.) Name the trajectory of the ions in the ion separator. Explain your answer.(ii.) Show that the radius of the trajectory is directly proportional to the mass of the ion.(iii.) On the ion separator, draw the trajectories of the two isotopes of tin tillthey strike the photographic plate P. Label your diagram.Explain why they strike the plates at different points.arrow_forwardThe diagram shows a mass spectrometer used for measuring the masses of isotopes. It consists of an ion generator and accelerator, a velocity selector and an ion separator, all in a vacuum. In one experiment, tin ions, each of which carries a charge +1.6 × 10-19C, are produced in the ion generator and are then accelerated by a p.d. of 20kV. Tin has a number of isotopes, two of which are tin-118 (118Sn) and tin-120 (120Sn). Assuming that an ion of tin-120 is at rest before being accelerated, show that the final speed after acceleration is 177km/s.arrow_forward
- The diagram shows a mass spectrometer used for measuring the masses of isotopes. It consists of an ion generator and accelerator, a velocity selector and an ion separator, all in a vacuum. In one experiment, tin ions, each of which carries a charge +1.6 × 10-19C, are produced in the ion generator and are then accelerated by a p.d. of 20kV. Tin has a number of isotopes, two of which are tin-118 (118Sn) and tin-120 (120Sn). (a.) After selection, the ions are separated using a magnetic field on its own, as shown in the diagram. The ions are detected using the photographic plate P. Determine the distance between the points of impact on the photographic plate of the two isotopes of tin when a magnetic flux density of 0.75T is used in the ion separator. Explain whether the distance between the points of impact of the ions would be the same, greater or smaller for two isotopes of uranium, one with a nucleon number of 236 and the other238, assuming that they have the same velocity as the tin…arrow_forwardThe diagram shows a mass spectrometer used for measuring the masses of isotopes. It consists of an ion generator and accelerator, a velocity selector and an ion separator, all in a vacuum. In one experiment, tin ions, each of which carries a charge +1.6 × 10-19C, are produced in the ion generator and are then accelerated by a p.d. of 20kV. Tin has a number of isotopes, two of which are tin-118 (118Sn) and tin-120 (120Sn). (a.) In practice, all ions produced by the ion generator have a range of speeds. A velocity selector is used to isolate ions with a single speed. In the velocity selector, the isolated ions go through undeviated, though being acted upon by forces from both the electric and magnetic fields. (i.) Write down the condition and equation which must be satisfied if the ions are to emerge from the exit hole of the velocity selector. Define the terms in the equation. Redraw the section of thevelocity selector and indicate the different forces acting on the ions there and use…arrow_forwardWhat mass would a pair of electrons have in order for their gravitational force of attraction to be equal to the electrical force of repulsion? (Use G=6.67x10-11 N•m2/kg2.)arrow_forward
- The diagram shows a mass spectrometer used for measuring the masses of isotopes. It consists of an ion generator and accelerator, a velocity selector, and an ion separator, all in a vacuum. In one experiment, tin ions, each of which carries a charge +1.6 × 10-19C, are produced in the ion generator and are then accelerated by a p.d. of 20kV. Tin has a number of isotopes, two of which are tin-118 (118Sn) and tin-120 (120Sn). What will be the final speed of an ion of tin-118?arrow_forwardThe diagram shows a mass spectrometer used for measuring the masses of isotopes. It consists of an ion generator and accelerator, a velocity selector, and an ion separator, all in a vacuum. In one experiment, tin ions, each of which carries a charge +1.6 × 10-19C, are produced in the ion generator and are then accelerated by a p.d. of 20kV. Tin has a number of isotopes, two of which are tin-118 (118Sn) and tin-120 (120Sn). (a.) In practice, all ions produced by the ion generator have a range of speeds. A velocity selector is used to isolate ions with a single speed. In the velocity selector, the isolated ions go through undeviated, though being acted upon by forces from both the electric and magnetic fields. The plates producing the electric field have a separation of 2.0cm. The potentials of the plates are marked on the diagram. What is the magnitude of the force on an ion due to this electric field in the velocity selector?arrow_forwardA voltage of 8 V is applied across the ends of a piece of copper wire 7 cm long. What is the magnitude of the electron's acceleration? The mass of an electron is -31 9.109 × 101 kg and the fundamental charge 19 is 1.602 × 10¯ C. Answer in units of m/s². 003 no pom of 2) 10.0 points After starting from rest and traveling 1 × 10-8 m, if it does not collide with a cop- per ion over this distance, what is the kinetic energy of the electron? Answer in units of eV. C Conside 93 = q. another where q 1. Wo 2. Woc 3. Wo 4. Wocarrow_forward
- A proton (m=1.67 x 10-27 kg) travels a distance of 3.2 cm parallel to a uniform electric field 2.9 x 105 V/m between the plates shown in the figure. If the initial velocity is 4.3 x 105 m/s, find the magnitude of its final velocity in m/s (ignore gravity) Round your answe to 0 decimal places.arrow_forwardIn one of the classic nuclear physics experiments at the beginning of the twentieth century, an alpha particle was accelerated toward a gold nucleus, and its path was substantially deflected by the Coulomb interaction. If theenergy of the doubly charged alpha nucleus was 5.00 MeV, how close to the gold nucleus (79 protons) could it come before being deflected?arrow_forwardNOTE: VALUE OF r1 = 9m. Use the following constants if necessary. Coulomb constant, k=8.987×109N⋅m2/C2. Vacuum permitivity, ϵ0=8.854×10−12F/m. Magnitude of the Charge of one electron, e=−1.60217662×10−19C. Mass of one electron, me=9.10938356×10−31kg. Unless specified otherwise, each symbol carries their usual meaning. For example, μC means microcoulomb . Suppose you have q=11μC charge placed at the orign of your coordinate system. a) Using Gauss's law, find the electric field at distance r1=9m from the charge. b) Now you place a hollow conducting sphere of inner radius a=4.5m and outer radius b=18.0m. Calculate the net enclosed charge by the Gaussian surface of radius r1. c) Now consider another hollow conducting sphere of inner radius c=27m and outer radius d=45m. Calculate the net enclosed charge by the Gaussian surface of radius r2=22.5m and electric field at r2.arrow_forward
- Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
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