Chapter 22, Problem 18RQ

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The definition and physiological significance of lipoprotein lipase.

Introduction: Proteins are important macromolecules that are involved in most of the metabolic activities. They are composed of amino acids. The amino acids join together with the help of polypeptide bonds to form proteins.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The definition and physiological significance of amylin.

Introduction: Islet cells are the cluster of cells that release insulin in the body. They are found in the pancreas. Islet cells are involved in the formation of amylin.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The definition and physiological significance of ghrelin.

Introduction: Food is a vital requirement for the survival of organisms. Every organism requires energy and energy is obtained by the food. There are many types of neurotransmitters that help in food intake.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The definition and physiological significance of neuropeptide Y.

Introduction: Neurotransmitters are the chemicals that are released by the neurons. They help in generating responses against the stimulus. The neurotransmitters have been divided into four major chemical classes according to the chemicals that they contain.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The definition and physiological significance of apoprotein.

Introduction: The lipoprotein and lipid complexes present in the epithelial cells of intestines are called chylomicrons. The apoprotein is a part of chylomicrons.

(f)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The definition and physiological significance of leptin.

Introduction: The scientists have proposed a theory called the lipostatic theory. According to it, the signals are passed from the adipocytes to the brain. These signals modulate the eating behavior of the organism.

(g)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The definition and physiological significance of osmotic diuresis.

Introduction: Humans have a well-defined urinary system that helps in the removal of wastes from the blood. The yellowish liquid produced as waste during metabolism is termed as urine. Osmotic diuresis is involved in the urinary system.

(h)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The definition and physiological significance of insulin resistance.

Introduction: Insulin is a hormone that helps in maintains the blood glucose level in the body. The insulin is produced by a cluster of cells called beta cells. The people suffering from diabetes have a low level of insulin.