Biological Science (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134678320
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Greg Podgorski, Emily Taylor, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 22, Problem 14PIAT
PROCESS OF SCIENCE A team lead by evolutionary biologist Hopi Hoekstra set out to test the hypothesis that predators are an agent of natural selection on mouse color. They made 250 plasticine models of mice that were alike in every way except that half were painted white and half were painted brown. Suggest one advantage and one disadvantage of using model mice instead of real mice in this experiment.
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Chapter 22 Solutions
Biological Science (7th Edition)
Ch. 22 - True or false? Some trails are considered...Ch. 22 - 3. Trails that are derived from a common ancestor,...Ch. 22 - Some biologists summarize evolution by natural...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 22 - SOCIETY Explain why the overprescription of...Ch. 22 - Prob. 10TYPSSCh. 22 - How can natural selection on mouse color be...Ch. 22 - Apply Darwin’s four postulates to a population of...Ch. 22 - 14. PROCESS OF SCIENCE A team lead by evolutionary...Ch. 22 - 16. PROCESS OF SCIENCE When a statistical test was...
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- Explain why human cancer is a good example of short- sighted evolution. A couple of sentences answer is fine.arrow_forwardWe have five tastes related to the taste buds on our tongue: sweet, salty, umami, bitter and sour.Not all animals have the same tastes we do. Why do we have these particular five tastes? What does each one detect on a molecular level? What do you think the evolutionary advantage is for each? Finally, how has our environment changed to make some of these "tastes" change from an advantage to a disadvantage in an evolutionary sense.arrow_forwardThinking about Natural Selection and Adaption, what if instead the predators were 4 different spoons: ¼ teaspoon, 1 teaspoon, 1 tablespoon, and 1 large serving spoon? Then what if each time beans (the prey) were captured, they had to be immediately emptied into a narrow-necked jar (with an opening about the size of 1 teaspoon)? What do you think the outcome of the experiment might be in this new situation? (Which “predator” will be the most successful, which the next most, etc. down to the least successful, and why?) Be sure to explain your reasoningarrow_forward
- which one is true. Consider this claim: "If a card has a shark on one side, then it has a trait common in fishes on other the side." In order to test this claim, you should turn over card 2 and card 3. Consider this claim: "If a card has a whale on one side, then it has a trait common in mammals on other the side." In order to test this claim, you should turn over card 1 and card 4. Consider this claim: "If a card has a whale on one side, then it has a trait common in mammals on other the side." In order to test this claim, you should turn over card 2 and card 4. Consider this claim: "If a card has a shark on one side, then it has a trait common in fishes on other the side." In order to test this claim, you should turn over card 2 and card 4. Consider this claim: "If a card has a whale on one side, then it has a trait common in mammals on other the side." In order to test this claim, you should turn over card 3 and card…arrow_forwardHow might an evolutionary biologist explain why a species of salamander becomes blind after colonizing a cave? Group of answer choices Members of the ancestral population that colonized the cave differed in their ability to see. If maintaining the ability to see in the cave was a waste of energy, blind salamanders might actually have more offspring than those who could see. It is possible that in the cave there is a source of pollution that increases the mutation rate for a gene that makes salamanders blind. Over time, due to exposure to this chemical, the membersof the population lose their sight. There is no way to explain this in terms of natural selection. The members of this salamander species no longer needed to use their eyes. Over time, due to lack of use, they lost the ability to see.arrow_forwardNatural selection can sometimes help improve human health and other times is ineffective at improving human health. Explain one example of how selection has helped human health, and explain one example of how selection cannot help human health (including giving a reason why selection was or was not effective for each case). You can give hypothetical examples if you explain them well. A couple of sentences answer is fine.arrow_forward
- Systematics and Evolution Would natural selection work better on a large population or a small population? ( Consider the effects of genetic drift )arrow_forwardConsider Lamarck’s idea in a hypothetical situation. For example, you decided that when you have children, you want them to be big ang strong. You decided to go to the gym every day for a year. You did all your exercise routines diligently and you were able to develop really bulky and toned muscles because you believed that your kids would inherit your big impressive muscles. Do you think this would work? Justify your answer using the concepts you have learned from Genetics, as well as Darwin’s concept of evolution.arrow_forwardOnce there was a highly intelligent turkey that had nothing to do but reflect on the world's regularities. Morning always started out with the sky turning light, followed by the master's footsteps, which were always followed by the appearance of food. Other things varied, but food always followed footsteps. The sequence of events was so predictable that it eventually became the basis of turkey's theory that footsteps bring food. One morning, after more than 100 confirmations of this theory, the turkey listened for the master's footsteps, heard them, and had its head chopped off. Scientific theories can be revised upon the discovery of inconsistent evidence. Suggest how the turkey's theory might be modified so the remaining members of the flock would find it more useful for making predictions.arrow_forward
- Steven Frank and Laurence Hurst argued that a cytoplasmically inherited mutation in humans that has severe effects in males but no effect in females will not be eliminated from a population by natural selection because only females pass on mtDNA. Using this argument, explain why males with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy are more severely affected than females.arrow_forwardDarwin's concept of evolution "the theory of decent with modification through variation and natural selection" can best be demonstrated by which of the following examples? a. A giraffe stretches his neck to reach higher branches. The exercise of stretching up strengthens the muscles in the giraffe's neck and legs. This ability to stretch is also seen in the giraffe's offspring. b. A monkey accidentally drops her fruit in the salty water of a bay. She recovers the fruit and eats it. She discovers the fruit is cleaner and tastes better after it has been in the salty water. She continues to wash the fruit in the bay before eating it. Her offspring see what she has done and also wash their fruit in the salty water. Soon, the whole population of monkeys is washing their fruit. c. Several turtles hatch from a clutch of eggs buried in the sand on a beach. One of the turtles is the color of the sand; the others are darker in color. The turtles scurry toward the water,…arrow_forwardExplain frequency-dependent selection in your own words.arrow_forward
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