Campbell Biology in Focus
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134710679
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Rebecca Orr
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 22, Problem 10TYU
FOCUS ON INFORMATION
In sexually reproducing species, each individual begins life with DNA inherited from both parent organisms. In a short essay (100-150 words), apply this idea to what occurs when organisms of two species that have homologous chromosomes mate and produce (F1) hybrid offspring. What percentage of the DNA in the F1 hybrids' chromosomes comes from each parent species? As the hybrids mate and produce F2 and later-generation hybrid offspring, describe how recombination and natural selection may affect whether the DNA in hybrid chromosomes is derived from one parent species or the other.
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A species of cereal rye (Secale cereale) has a chromosome number of 14, while a species of Canadian wild rye (Elymus canadensis) has a chromosome number of 28. Sterile hybrids can be produced by crossing Secale with Elymus. (a) What would be the expected chromosome number in the somatic cells of the hybrids? (b) Given that none of the chromosomes pair at meiosis I in the sterile hybrid (Hang and Franckowlak, 1984), speculate on the anaphase I separation patterns of these chromosomes.
GQ4
Species or F1
hybrid
Root tip chromosome
number
The following table presents chromosome data on four species of plants and their F1 hybrids:
Meiosis I Metaphase
Number of
Number of
bivalents
univalents
A
20
10
0
B
20
10
0
C
10
5
0
D
10
5
0
A x B
20
0
20
A x C
15
5
5
AxD
15
5
5
Cx D
10
0
10
Deduce the chromosomal origin of Species A. Show clearly the basis of your answer by
analyzing and diagramming the crosses given above. Distinguish between chromosomes and
give chromosome number for individuals in the crosses mentioned above. From these crosses,
diagram the cross that gave rise to Species A.
b. How many bivalents and univalents would you expect to observe at meiotic metaphase I in a
hybrid between species C and species B?
c. How many bivalents and univalents would you expect to observe at meiotic metaphase I in a
hybrid between species D and species B?
Chapter 22 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus
Ch. 22.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 22.1 - WHAT IF? Suppose you are studying two bird species...Ch. 22.2 - Contrast allopatric and sympatric speciation....Ch. 22.2 - WHAT IF? Is allopatric speciation more likely to...Ch. 22.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Review the process of meiosis in...Ch. 22.3 - What are hybrid zones, and why can they be viewed...Ch. 22.3 - WHAT IF? Consider two species that diverged while...Ch. 22.4 - Speciation can occur rapidly between diverging...Ch. 22.4 - Summarize evidence that the yup flower-color locus...Ch. 22.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Compare Figure 10.11 with Figure...
Ch. 22 - The largest unit within which gene flow can...Ch. 22 - Males of different species of the fruit fly...Ch. 22 - According to the punctuated equilibria model, A....Ch. 22 - Bird guides once listed the myrtle warbler and...Ch. 22 - Which of the following factors would not...Ch. 22 - Plant species A has a diploid number of 12. Plant...Ch. 22 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY In the United...Ch. 22 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY DRAW IT In this chapter, you...Ch. 22 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION Explain the biological basis...Ch. 22 - FOCUS ON INFORMATION In sexually reproducing...Ch. 22 - Suppose that females of one population of straw-...
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- VISUALIZE Use two different colors to depict the unduplicated chromosomes of species C with larger chromosomes (2n = 8) and species D with slightly smaller chromosomes (2n = 10), and of their F1 hybrid. Is the hybrid likely to be fertile?arrow_forwardplease help?arrow_forward. What is the total number of chromosomes this organism has? • What is the haploid number (n) of this organism? ID each unique shape with a number.... • Is this organism haploid, diploid, triploid, or tetraploid? Put the letter "a" by those chromosomes from one parent and the letter "b" by those from another. 11 • Draw in duplicated chromosomes now....imagine we're in prophase of mitosis... • What is the difference between • 5A vs. 5B? ● 5A vs. 5A copy?arrow_forward
- Homologous Chromosomes We have discussed homologous chromosomes before. This idea is essential to the understanding of genetics, so we will review it again. Information • Very simple organisms have only one set of chromosomes and they are haploid. ► More complex organisms have two sets of chromosomes and are diploid. • Haploid organisms have one of each kind of chromosome and one of every kind of gene. Diploid organisms have two of each kind of chromosome and two of kind of gene. every The two chromosomes of each kind in a diploid organism are called homologous chromosomes because they are carrying the same kind of traits (genes). Homo means "same." ► A human has 23 different kinds of chromosomes that are given numbers from 1 to 23. Because we are diploid organisms we have two of each of the different kinds. So, we have 46 chromosomes in all, made up of 23 homologous pairs. ? QUESTION 1. How many sets of DNA molecules or chromosomes does a diploid organism have? 2. How many sets of DNA…arrow_forwardGenes A and B are 7.5 map units apart on one chromosome. Genes C and D are 8.0 map units apart on a second non-homologous chromosome. • The recombination frequency between A and B is? • The recombination frequency between A and C is? • The recombination frequency between C and D is? • The recombination frequency between B and D is?arrow_forwardI need help with b, c, d the choices for c) are haploid, diploid or tetraploid the choices for d) are same chromosome, a pair of homologus chromosomes, or two different chromosomesarrow_forward
- consider the metaphase (mitosis) chromosome spread of the following related animal species. The first meiotic division in the hybrid animal shows a mixture of paired and single chromosomes. Why do you suppose this occurs? Can you suggest a possible relationship between the mixed chromosomes and the observed sterility of the hybrid?arrow_forwardWhat is the advantage of genetic recombination, which is depicted in part (b)?arrow_forwardplease help?arrow_forward
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