Anatomy & Physiology (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134156415
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 21.7, Problem 19CYU
What is the relationship between
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Carbon dioxide is dissolved in blood (pH 7.4) to form a mixture of carbonic acid and bicarbonate. Neglecting free CO2, what fraction will be present as carbonic acid? Would you expect a significant amount of carbonate (CO32-)?
Refer to chemical equation shown here to explain why carbon dioxide dissolved in water acts as a buffer.
H2O+CO2<>H2CO3<>H++HCO3
What is the function of the buffer bicarbonate in the human body?
Chapter 21 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology (6th Edition)
Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 21.1 - Which part of the pharynx houses the pharyngeal...Ch. 21.2 - Which structure seals the larynx when we swallow?Ch. 21.2 - Which structural features of the trachea allow it...Ch. 21.2 - What features of the alveoli and their respiratory...Ch. 21.2 - A 3-year-old boy is brought to the emergency...Ch. 21.3 - The lungs are perfused by two different...Ch. 21.3 - Prob. 8CYUCh. 21.4 - What is the driving force for pulmonary...Ch. 21.4 - What causes the intrapulmonary pressure to...
Ch. 21.4 - What causes the partial vacuum (negative pressure)...Ch. 21.4 - Premature infants often lack adequate surfactant....Ch. 21.5 - Explain why slow, deep breaths ventilate the...Ch. 21.5 - Prob. 14CYUCh. 21.6 - You are given a sealed container of water and air....Ch. 21.6 - PO2 in the alveoli is about 56 mm Hg lower than in...Ch. 21.6 - Suppose a patient is receiving oxygen by mask. Are...Ch. 21.7 - Prob. 18CYUCh. 21.7 - What is the relationship between CO2 and pH in the...Ch. 21.7 - The dotted lines in the two graphs below represent...Ch. 21.8 - Which brain stem respiratory area is thought to...Ch. 21.8 - Prob. 22CYUCh. 21.9 - An injured soccer player arrives by ambulance in...Ch. 21.9 - Prob. 24CYUCh. 21.10 - What distinguishes the obstruction in asthma from...Ch. 21 - Cutting the phrenic nerves will result in (a) air...Ch. 21 - Which of the following laryngeal cartilages is/are...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3MCCh. 21 - The detergent-like substance that keeps the...Ch. 21 - Which of the following determines the direction of...Ch. 21 - When the inspiratory muscles contract, (a) the...Ch. 21 - The nutrient blood supply of the lungs is provided...Ch. 21 - Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the...Ch. 21 - Which of the following would not normally be...Ch. 21 - Most oxygen carried in the blood is (a) in...Ch. 21 - Which of the following has the greatest...Ch. 21 - In mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration, the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 13MCCh. 21 - Prob. 14MCCh. 21 - Damage to which of the following would most likely...Ch. 21 - Prob. 16MCCh. 21 - Trace the route of air from the nares to an...Ch. 21 - (a) Why is it important that the trachea is...Ch. 21 - Briefly explain the anatomical reason why most men...Ch. 21 - The lungs are mostly passageways and elastic...Ch. 21 - Describe the functional relationships between...Ch. 21 - Discuss how airway resistance, lung compliance,...Ch. 21 - (a) Differentiate clearly between minute...Ch. 21 - Prob. 24SAQCh. 21 - (a) Define hyperventilation. (b) If you...Ch. 21 - Prob. 1CCSCh. 21 - Prob. 2CCSCh. 21 - Barbara Joley was in the bus that was hit...Ch. 21 - Barbara Joley was in the bus that was hit...Ch. 21 - Prob. 5CCSCh. 21 - Prob. 6CCSCh. 21 - Prob. 7CCS
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- Carbon dioxide is dissolved in blood (pH 7.4) to form a mixture of carbonicacid and bicarbonate. Neglecting free CO2, what fraction will be present as carbonic acid? Would you expect a significant amount of carbonate (CO32-)?arrow_forwardWhat effect does increasing pH have on:? CaCO3(s) + 2H+1(aq) ⟷⟷ Ca+2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)arrow_forwardNormal arterial pH is 7.35 to 7. 45. Both metabolic and respiratory alkalosis have pH more basic compare to the normal arterial pH. The difference is 0.5 units. What is pH value in alkalosis? Niemann-Pick type C disease is a progressive neurological disease; symptoms include unsteady walking with uncoordinated limb movements, slurred speech, a difficulty in swallowing, epilepsy and tremor. This condition is due to the abnormal functioning of a lysosome. State the normal functions performed by this organelle.arrow_forward
- Indicate the ionic species of phosphoric acid that predominates at pH 4, 8, and 11.arrow_forwardUse the law of mass action and the following equation: H2O + CO2 <-> H2CO3 <-> H+ + HCO3- to describe what happens to pH, HCO3-, and CO2 when there is an increase in H+ from a metabolic source.arrow_forwardShown below is the titration curve for phosphoric acid. At what pH is the solution entirely in the H3PO4 form? 0-0.5 14 12.5 O2.1 NICHarrow_forward
- How does HCO3- (Bicarbonate ion) help to maintain the pH balance of the blood?arrow_forwardState the reversible chemical equation for the reaction of carbon dioxide and water to carbonic acid and then to hydrogen ion and bicarbonate ion.arrow_forwardUsing the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation for part a, b, and c Given: If the CO2 concentration decreases from 40 mmHg to 30 mmHg a. how much will the pH change? Given: If an unknown amount of CO2 is dissolved eventually leading to a pH of 8.4 b. What is final concentration of CO2? c. How would the body respond in each case? (Answer a, b, and c)arrow_forward
- What is the total anion concentration (in mEq/L) of a solution that contains 5.0 mEq/L Na+ , 12.0 mEq/L Ca2+,and 2.0 mEq/L Li + ?arrow_forwardWhy does a lower salinity of water increase the solubility of gas?arrow_forwardIf the pH of a voledronic acid solution is 5.8, and the voledronate concentration is 9 mM, what is the concentration of voledronic acid? (pKa=5.0) 1.4 0.5 185.2 20 379.5arrow_forward
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