The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula P H 4 + has to be predicted. Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar. These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula. If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of + 3 , which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of + 3 and + 5 . So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 21.2, Problem 21.3CYU

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula PH4+ has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula S22− has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula P2H4 has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula PF3 has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

There is an instrument in Johnson 334 that measures total-reflectance x-ray fluorescence (TXRF) to do elemental analysis (i.e., determine what elements are present in a sample). A researcher is preparing a to measure calcium content in a series of well water samples by TXRF with an internal standard of vanadium (atomic symbol: V). She has prepared a series of standard solutions to ensure a linear instrument response over the expected Ca concentration range of 40-80 ppm. The concentrations of Ca and V (ppm) and the instrument response (peak area, arbitrary units) are shown below. Also included is a sample spectrum. Equation 1 describes the response factor, K, relating the analyte signal (SA) and the standard signal (SIS) to their respective concentrations (CA and CIS). Ca, ppm V, ppm SCa, arb. units SV, arb. units 20.0 10.0 14375.11 14261.02 40.0 10.0 36182.15 17997.10 60.0 10.0 39275.74 12988.01 80.0 10.0 57530.75 14268.54 100.0…

A mixture of 0.568 M H₂O, 0.438 M Cl₂O, and 0.710 M HClO are enclosed in a vessel at 25 °C. H₂O(g) + C₁₂O(g) = 2 HOCl(g) K = 0.0900 at 25°C с Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of each gas at 25 °C. [H₂O]= [C₁₂O]= [HOCI]= M Σ M

What units (if any) does the response factor (K) have? Does the response factor (K) depend upon how the concentration is expressed (e.g. molarity, ppm, ppb, etc.)?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 21.2, Problem 21.3CYU

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula PH4+ has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula S22− has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula P2H4 has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula PF3 has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 21.2, Problem 21.3CYU

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula PH4+ has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula S22− has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula P2H4 has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula PF3 has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 21.2, Problem 21.3CYU

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula PH4+ has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula S22− has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula P2H4 has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula PF3 has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 21.2, Problem 21.3CYU

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula PH4+ has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula S22− has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula P2H4 has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula PF3 has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

Answer 6

Chapter 21.2, Problem 21.3CYU

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula PH4+ has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

Answer 7

Chapter 21.2, Problem 21.3CYU

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula PH4+ has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula S22− has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula S22− has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula P2H4 has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula P2H4 has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula PF3 has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The compound or ion of a second period element, that has formula and lewis structure analogous to given formula PF3 has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell. Thus, their physical and chemical properties are also similar.

These elements can exist in similar oxidation state due to same number of valence electrons in the outermost shell. Hence, the elements of same group form compounds with same formula.

If two elements belongs to nA group of periodic table, then both the elements have +n as highest oxidation number. This is because the highest oxidation number is equal to the group number. So both the elements of same group have same oxidation number and forms analogous compound of the same chemical formula. The other possible oxidation numbers apart from the highest oxidation number are as per the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.

However, the lighter elements of the group do not expand their octet while the heavier elements can expand their octet and form compounds with different oxidation numbers. So if the elements belong to group 5A of periodic table then the lighter element only has oxidation number of +3, which is equal to number of electrons in outermost shell. But the heavier element can have both oxidation number of +3 and +5.

So, the same number of valence electrons in outermost shell of the elements in same group is responsible for the similar chemical properties of these elements. Thus they also form compounds with same formula.

Answer 14

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 15

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 16

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 17

Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 21.1CYU Ch. 21.2 - Write the formula for each of the following (a)...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 21.3CYU Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 21.4CYU Ch. 21.11 - Prob. 1.1ACP Ch. 21.11 - Prob. 1.2ACP Ch. 21.11 - Prob. 1.3ACP Ch. 21.11 - Draw the Lewis structure of ammonia borane. What...Ch. 21.11 - Calculate the mass of hydrogen in 1.00 kg of...Ch. 21.11 - What is the hydrogen density (mass H2 per liter)...

Solution Summary: The author explains that two elements belonging to the same group of periodic table have same number of electrons in their valence shell.

Concept explainers

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 21 Solutions