16th Edition

ISBN: 9781323515303

Author: Knight

Publisher: PEARSON C

Concept explainers

Water constitutes about 70% of earth. Some important distinguishing properties of water are high molar concentration, small dissociation constant and high dielectric constant.

Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

An electrostatic force is a force caused by stationary electric charges /fields. The electrostatic force is caused by the transfer of electrons in conducting materials. Coulomb’s law determines the amount of force between two stationary, charged particle…

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Textbook Question

Chapter 21, Problem 90MSPP

A Lightning Strike

Storm clouds build up large negative charges, as described in the chapter. The charges dwell in charge centers, regions of concentrated charge. Suppose a cloud has –25 C in a 1.0|dash|km|dash|diameter spherical charge center located 10 km above the ground, as sketched in Figure P21.86. The negative charge center attracts a similar amount of positive charge that is spread on the ground below the cloud.

Figure P21.86

Chapter 21, Problem 90MSPP, A Lightning Strike Storm clouds build up large negative charges, as described in the chapter. The

The charge center and the ground function as a charged capacitor, with a potential difference of approximately 4 × 10⁸ V. The large electric field between these two "electrodes" may ionize the air, leading to a conducting path between the cloud and the ground. Charges will flow along this conducting path, causing a discharge of the capacitor-a lightning strike.

What is the approximate capacitance of the charge center +ground system?

A. 6 × 10^–8F

B. 2 × 10⁷ F

C. 4 × 10⁶ F

D. 8 × 10⁶ F

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Chapter 21, Problem 89MSPP

Chapter 21, Problem 91MSPP

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Chapter 21 Solutions

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Ch. 21 - By moving a 10 nC charge from point A to point B,...Ch. 21 - Charge q is fired through a small hole in the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3CQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 4CQ Ch. 21 - An electron moves along the trajectory from i to f...Ch. 21 - As shown in Figure Q21.7, two protons are launched...Ch. 21 - Prob. 7CQ Ch. 21 - Figure Q21.9 shows two points inside a capacitor....Ch. 21 - A capacitor with plates separated by distanced is...Ch. 21 - Prob. 10CQ

Ch. 21 - Prob. 11CQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 12CQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 13CQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 14CQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 15CQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 17CQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 18MCQ Ch. 21 - A 1.0 nC positive point charge is located at point...Ch. 21 - Prob. 20MCQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 21MCQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 22MCQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 23MCQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 24MCQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 25MCQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 26MCQ Ch. 21 - A bug zapper consists of two metal plates...Ch. 21 - An atom of helium and one of argon are singly...Ch. 21 - Prob. 29MCQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 30MCQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 31MCQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 32MCQ Ch. 21 - Moving a charge from point A, where the potential...Ch. 21 - The graph in Figure P21.2 shows the electric...Ch. 21 - It takes 3.0 J of work to move a 15 nC charge from...Ch. 21 - Prob. 4P Ch. 21 - A 20 nC charge is moved from a point where V = 150...Ch. 21 - Prob. 6P Ch. 21 - At one point in space, the electric potential...Ch. 21 - Prob. 8P Ch. 21 - What potential difference is needed to accelerate...Ch. 21 - Prob. 10P Ch. 21 - An electron with an initial speed of 500,000 m/s...Ch. 21 - Prob. 12P Ch. 21 - A proton with an initial speed of 800,000 m/s is...Ch. 21 - The electric potential at a point that is halfway...Ch. 21 - A 2.0 cm 2.0 cm parallel-plate capacitor has a...Ch. 21 - Two 2.00 cm 2.00 cm plates that form a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 18P Ch. 21 - Prob. 19P Ch. 21 - Prob. 20P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21P Ch. 21 - Prob. 22P Ch. 21 - a. What is the potential difference between the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 24P Ch. 21 - Prob. 25P Ch. 21 - Prob. 26P Ch. 21 - Prob. 27P Ch. 21 - Prob. 28P Ch. 21 - Prob. 29P Ch. 21 - Prob. 30P Ch. 21 - What are the magnitude and direction of the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 32P Ch. 21 - Prob. 33P Ch. 21 - Prob. 34P Ch. 21 - Prob. 35P Ch. 21 - Prob. 36P Ch. 21 - Two 2.0 cm 2.0 cm square aluminum electrodes,...Ch. 21 - Prob. 38P Ch. 21 - An uncharged capacitor is connected to the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 40P Ch. 21 - You need to construct a 100 pF capacitor for a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 42P Ch. 21 - A switch that connects a battery to a 10 F...Ch. 21 - Prob. 44P Ch. 21 - Initially, the switch in Figure P21 .33 is open...Ch. 21 - A 1.2 nF parallel-plate capacitor has an air gap...Ch. 21 - A 25 pF parallel-plate capacitor with an air gap...Ch. 21 - Prob. 48P Ch. 21 - A science-fair radio uses a homemade capacitor...Ch. 21 - A parallel-plate capacitor is connected to a...Ch. 21 - A parallel-plate capacitor is charged by a 12.0 V...Ch. 21 - Prob. 52P Ch. 21 - To what potential should you charge a 1.0 F...Ch. 21 - Prob. 54P Ch. 21 - Capacitor 2 has half the capacitance and twice the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 56P Ch. 21 - 50 pJ of energy is stored in a 2.0 cm 2.0 cm 2.0...Ch. 21 - Two uncharged metal spheres, spaced 15.0 cm apart,...Ch. 21 - A 2.0-cm-diameter parallel-plate capacitor with a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 60GP Ch. 21 - A 50 nC charged particle is in a uniform electric...Ch. 21 - The 4000 V equipotential surface is 10.0 cm...Ch. 21 - Prob. 63GP Ch. 21 - Two point charges 2.0 cm apart have an electric...Ch. 21 - A +3.0 nC charge is at x = 0 cm and a 1.0 nC...Ch. 21 - A 3.0 nC charge is on the x-axis at x = 9 cm and a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 67GP Ch. 21 - Electric outlets have a voltage of approximately...Ch. 21 - A Na+ion moves from inside a cell, where the...Ch. 21 - Suppose that a molecular ion with charge 10e is...Ch. 21 - Prob. 71GP Ch. 21 - a. What is the electric potential at point A in...Ch. 21 - Prob. 73GP Ch. 21 - A proton follows the path shown in Figure P21.63....Ch. 21 - A parallel-plate capacitor is charged to 5000 V. A...Ch. 21 - A proton is released from rest at the positive...Ch. 21 - In the early 1900s, Robert Millikan used small...Ch. 21 - Two 2.0-cm-diameter disks spaced 2.0 mm apart form...Ch. 21 - In proton-beam therapy, a high-energy beam of...Ch. 21 - A 2.5-mm-diameter sphere is charged to 4.5 nC. An...Ch. 21 - A proton is fired from far away toward the nucleus...Ch. 21 - Prob. 82GP Ch. 21 - Prob. 83GP Ch. 21 - A capacitor consists of two 6.0-cm-diameter...Ch. 21 - The dielectric in a capacitor serves two purposes....Ch. 21 - The highest magnetic fields in the world are...Ch. 21 - The flash unit in a camera uses a special circuit...Ch. 21 - A Lightning Strike Storm clouds build up large...Ch. 21 - Prob. 89MSPP Ch. 21 - A Lightning Strike Storm clouds build up large...Ch. 21 - A Lightning Strike Storm clouds build up large...Ch. 21 - A Lightning Strike Storm clouds build up large...

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