The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium. Concept introduction: Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is, Deprotonation of α carbon Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack) Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

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Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 21, Problem 51PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

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Experiment 1 Data Table 1: Conservation of Mass - Initial Mass Data Table 1 Data Table 2 Data Table 3 Data Table 4 Panel 1 Photo 1 Data Table 5 Reaction Mass of test tube and 5.0% HC₂H₂O2 (g) # (A) (B) Mass of NaHCO, (g) Mass of balloon and NaHCO, (g) (C) 0.10 1 0829 14.38g 0.20 2 0.929 14.29g 0.35 1.00g 3 14.25g 0.50 1.14g 14.29 Experiment 1 Data Table 2: Moles of HC2H3O2 Reaction Volume of Mass of Moles of HC₂H₂O₂ 5.0% Vinegar (g) (ML) 5.0 0.25 0042 mol 2 5.0 0.25 0042 mol 3 5.0 0.25 0042 mol 5.0 0.25 0042 mol Experiment 1 Data Table 3: Moles of NaHCO3 Reaction Mass of NaHCO (g) 10g 20g 35g 50g Experiment 1 Data Table 4: Theoretical Yield of CO₂ Reaction # 1 2 3 Experiment 1 Total mass before reaction (g) (D=A+C) 15.29 15.21g 15.25g 15.349 Exercise 1 Data Table 1 Data Table 2 Data Table 3 Data Table 4 Panel 1 Photo 1 Data Table 5 Exercise 1- Data Table 1 Data Table 2 DataTable 3 Data Table 4 Panel 1 Photo 1 Data Table 5 Exercise 1- Moles of NaHCO 0012 mol 0025 mol 0044 mol 0062 mol…

The chemical reaction you investigated is a two-step reaction. What type of reaction occurs in each step? How did you determine your answer?

What is the relationship between the limiting reactant and theoretical yield of CO2?

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 21, Problem 51PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 21, Problem 51PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 21, Problem 51PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

Expert Solution & Answer

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See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 21, Problem 51PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

Answer 6

Chapter 21, Problem 51PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

Answer 7

Chapter 21, Problem 51PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enol of each of the following compound and should be identified for the exhibit of significant presence at equilibrium.

Concept introduction:

Aldol addition reaction means the reaction between aldehyde which has an α hydrogen to form an addition product comprising of aldehyde and alcohol group in presence of base, namely sodium hydroxide. The name Aldol stands for aldehyde and alcohol (ald for “aldehyde” and ol for “alcohol”). The three steps involved in aldol addition reaction is,

Deprotonation of α carbon

Attach of enolate ion with the aldehyde (nucleophilic attack)

Protonation of the alkoxide ion to give aldol product

Oxidation of an alcohol with PCC to give an aldehyde means the alcohol has to be primary alcohol.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 1CC Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 2CC Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 3CC Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 1LTS Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 4PTS Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 5ATS Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 6CC Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 7CC Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 8CC Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 9CC

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Chapter 21 Solutions