The compression ratio of an Otto cycle as shown in Figure 21.12 is VA/VB = 8.00. At the beginning A of the compression process, 500 cm3 of gas is at 100 kPa and 20.0°C. At the beginning of the adiabatic expansion, the temperature is TC = 750°C. Model the working fluid as an ideal gas with γ = 1.40. (a) Fill in this table to follow the states of the gas:
(b) Fill in this table to follow the processes:
(c) Identify the energy input |Qh|, (d) the energy exhaust |Qc|, and (e) the net output work Weng. (f) Calculate the efficiency. (g) Find the number of crankshaft revolutions per minute required for a one-cylinder engine to have an output power of 1.00 kW = 1.34 hp. Note: The
(a)
The blanks of the table to follow the states of the gas.
Answer to Problem 47CP
The complete table is shown below.
State |
|
|
|
A | 293 | 100 | 500 |
B | 673 |
|
62.5 |
C | 1023 |
|
62.5 |
D | 445 | 152 | 500 |
Explanation of Solution
Given info: The compression ratio of an Otto cycle is
Write the expression to calculate the quantity of the gas.
Here,
Substitute
In process
Write the expression to calculate the pressure at point B.
Substitute 8 for
The compression ratio is,
Substitute
Write the expression to calculate the temperature at point B.
Substitute
At state C:
Write the expression to calculate the pressure at point C.
Substitute
State D:
Therefore, the compression ratio is,
Write the expression to calculate the pressure at point D.
Substitute
Write the expression to calculate the temperature at point D.
Substitute
From the above explanation, the complete table is given below.
State |
|
|
|
A | 293 | 100 | 500 |
B | 673 |
|
62.5 |
C | 1023 |
|
62.5 |
D | 445 | 152 | 500 |
Conclusion:
Therefore, the complete table is given below.
State |
|
|
|
A | 293 | 100 | 500 |
B | 673 |
|
62.5 |
C | 1023 |
|
62.5 |
D | 445 | 152 | 500 |
(b)
The blanks of the table to follow the processes.
Answer to Problem 47CP
The complete table is shown below.
Process | Q |
|
|
|
0 | -162 | 162 |
|
149 | 0 | 149 |
|
0 | 246 | -246 |
|
-65 | 0 | -65 |
|
84.3 | 84.3 | 0 |
Explanation of Solution
Given info: The compression ratio of an Otto cycle is
Write the expression to calculate the energy in A to B process.
Substitute
Write the expression of first law of thermodynamics.
Substitute
Write the expression to calculate the energy in B to C process.
Substitute
Write the expression of first law of thermodynamics.
Substitute
Write the expression to calculate the energy in C to D process.
Substitute
Write the expression of first law of thermodynamics.
Substitute
The net work done is,
The net heat energy is,
Substitute
From the above explanation, the complete table is given below.
Process | Q |
|
|
|
0 | -162 | 162 |
|
149 | 0 | 149 |
|
0 | 246 | -246 |
|
-65 | 0 | -65 |
|
84.3 | 84.3 | 0 |
Conclusion:
Therefore, the complete table is,
Process | Q |
|
|
|
0 | -162 | 162 |
|
149 | 0 | 149 |
|
0 | 246 | -246 |
|
-65 | 0 | -65 |
|
84.3 | 84.3 | 0 |
(c)
The heat input during
Answer to Problem 47CP
The heat input during
Explanation of Solution
Given info: The compression ratio of an Otto cycle is
From part (b), the heat input during
Thus, the heat input during
Conclusion:
Therefore, the heat input during
(d)
The heat exhaust during
Answer to Problem 47CP
The heat exhaust during
Explanation of Solution
Given info: The compression ratio of an Otto cycle is
From part (b)
The heat exhaust during
Thus, the heat exhaust during
Conclusion:
Therefore, the heat exhaust during
(e)
The net work output.
Answer to Problem 47CP
The net work output is
Explanation of Solution
Given info: The compression ratio of an Otto cycle is
From part (b)
The net work output is
Thus, the net work output is
Conclusion:
Therefore, the net work output is
(f)
The thermal efficiency.
Answer to Problem 47CP
The thermal efficiency is
Explanation of Solution
Given info: The compression ratio of an Otto cycle is
Write the expression to calculate the thermal efficiency.
Substitute
Thus, the thermal efficiency is
Conclusion:
Therefore, the thermal efficiency is
(g)
The number of crankshaft revolution per minute.
Answer to Problem 47CP
The number of crankshaft revolution per minute is
Explanation of Solution
Given info: The compression ratio of an Otto cycle is
Write the expression to calculate the output power.
Here,
Substitute
Thus, the number of crankshaft revolution per minute is
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