Biochemistry
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305577206
Author: Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 21, Problem 3P
Interpretation Introduction
To determine:
The
Introduction:
The enzyme of ATP synthase produces the ATP (adenosine triphosphate) which the molecule that helps in storing the energy. In all organisms this ATP is used as the energy currency of cells.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
So the last few blanks are between cyclic and nocyclic but im not sure how to calulate for the problem
Uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria also uncouple photoelectron transport and ATP synthesis in chloroplasts. Give an explanation for this observation
Enzymes normally enhance the rates of biochemical reactions by preferentially binding and stabilizing the transition states rather than either the substrates or the products of a reaction. The F|-subunit of ATP synthase does not fit this norm so well as tight binding to ATP rather than a transition state is employed to make ATP. Explain the binding-change model of the mechanism of ATP-synthase. How and why is the proton-motive force used in the reaction cycle of ATP synthase?
Chapter 21 Solutions
Biochemistry
Ch. 21 - P700* Has the Most Negative Standard Reduction...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2PCh. 21 - Prob. 3PCh. 21 - Prob. 4PCh. 21 - The Relative Efficiency of ATP Synthesis in...Ch. 21 - pH and in the Chloroplast Proton-Motive Force...Ch. 21 - Prob. 7PCh. 21 - Prob. 8PCh. 21 - Prob. 9PCh. 21 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 21 - Tracing the Fate of CO2 During Photosynthesis...Ch. 21 - Prob. 12PCh. 21 - Prob. 13PCh. 21 - The Source of the Oxygen Atoms in Photosynthetic...Ch. 21 - Prob. 15PCh. 21 - Prob. 16PCh. 21 - Prob. 17PCh. 21 - The Overall Free Energy Change for Photosynthetic...Ch. 21 - Prob. 19PCh. 21 - Prob. 20PCh. 21 - Prob. 21P
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- The Relative Efficiency of ATP Synthesis in Noncyclic versus Cyclic Photophosphorylation If noncyclic photosynthetic electron transport leads to the translocation of 7 H+/2e- and cyclic photosynthetic electron transport leads to the translocation of 2 H+/e-, what is the relative photosynthetic efficiency of ATP synthesis (expressed as the number of photons absorbed per ATP synthesized) for noncyclic versus cyclic photophosphorylation? (Assume that the CF1CF0-ATP synthase yields 3 ATP/14 H+.)arrow_forwardAssuming a eukaryotic cell has complete metabolic ability to fully oxidize glucose(including all metabolic pathways ane necessary organelles).At biochemical level explain the consequence of low oxygen content on all aspects of energy production associated with glucose catabolism.arrow_forwardAll steps in the calculations must be reported, incomplete reporting of these leads directly to return. Make a theoretical calculation of how many ATP molecules can be formed from the degradation of an acetyl-CoA molecule to carbon dioxide and water if the entire proton gradient across the mitochondria's inner membrane can be used for ATP production and when the ATP synthase has 15 c-subunits.arrow_forward
- Focusing on the mechanism linking complex I and ATP synthase depicted in figure 3 in the article, compare that hypothetical mechanism to the classical presentation described in our textbook. What are the major differences between this mechanism and Peter Mitchel’s original chemiosmotic theory? What are the similarities.arrow_forwardSonicating a suspension of mitochondria produces submitochondrial particles derived from the innermitochondrial membrane. These membranous vesicles seal inside out, so that the intermembrane space of themitochondria becomes the lumen of the submitochondrial particle. Explain (or diagram) the process of electrontransfer and oxidative phosphorylation in these particles. Assuming all the substrates for oxidativephosphorylation are present in excess, does ATP synthesis increase or decrease with an increase in the pH ofthe fluid in which the submitochondrial particles are suspended? Why?arrow_forwardNonearrow_forward
- both questions pleasearrow_forwardThe reduction potentials of iron in each of the cytochromes in the electron transport complexesvary from 0.The reduction potentials of iron in each of the cytochromes in the electron transport complexes vary from 0.1 V to 0.39 V. Explain why these different values are necessary for the operation of this processarrow_forwardConsider the mechanism of the aldolase reaction given in figure 9.25. In chapter 12, we saw that the same enzyme was used to catalyze the reverse reaction, DHAP + glyceraldehyde-3-phosphatefructose-1,6-bisphosphate, in the first step of stage 3 in the Calvin Cycle. Using arrows and structures similar to what is shown in 9.25, propose a mechanism for this reverse reaction (which is an aldol condensationarrow_forward
- In beta oxidation of fatty acids in mitochondria, ubiquinone (via FAD / FADH2) from the respiratory chain acts as an oxidizing agent in one oxidation step and NAD + as an oxidizing agent in the other oxidation step. Discuss the exchange of ATP per oxygen molecule consumed in the breakdown of fatty acids into acetyl-COAI in relation to the exchange of ATP perroxygen molecule consumed if only NADH is the electron source for the respiratory chain.arrow_forwardGiven what you know about the involvement of nicotinamide nucleotides inoxidative and reductive metabolic reactions, predict whether the followingintracellular concentration ratios should be 1, > 1, or < 1. Explain youranswers.(a) [NAD+] >[NADH](b) [NADP+] >[NADPH](c) Since NAD+ and NADP+ are essentially equivalent in their tendency to attract electrons, discuss how the two concentration ratios might bemaintained inside cells at greatly differing values.arrow_forwardWhat proportion of 3-phosphoglycerate will carry 14C after five enzymatic turnovers 2) (five equivalents of CO2 are fixed) if purified active rubisco in a test tube is exposed to 100% 14CO2? Explain. This is the cycle that we are supposed to use when answering the question. I am not sure where to start when finding the proportions. know chemi cal Structures - nams for The Calvin Cycle Energy production via glycolysis; starch or ADP CO (3) Stage 1: Fixation ATP (3) Stage 3: Regeneration (3) of acceptor sugar CHOH synthesis снон CH;0- Ribulose 1,5- bisphosphate (3) (5) Pi-triose phosphate antiporter CHO (1) CHOH foo SHOH Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (6) 3-Phosphoglycerate (6) "triose phosphates" Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Stage 2: Reduction (6) NADP+ (6) NADPH + H* ADP ATP (6) (6) (6)arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:9781305577206
Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher:Cengage Learning