Human Anatomy & Physiology Plus Modified Mastering A&P with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package 11th edition
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780135175040
Author: Marieb
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 21, Problem 2CCS
52-Year-Old Male with Multiple Sclerosis
Mr. Ayers was diagnosed with an aggressive form of multiple sclerosis 18 years ago. His illness has not responded to conventional treatments so he's been referred to your clinic for a clinical trial.
The doctor explains that his treatment will involve giving Mr. Ayers a drug that will release stem cells from his bone marrow so they can be collected from his blood. Then Mr. Ayers will be given (1) drugs that will destroy the blood-forming cells in his bone marrow, and (2), antibodies against his T lymphocytes. Finally, the stem cells that were collected from him will be used to repopulate his bone marrow.
The doctor says, “This treatment avoids problems, such as transplant rejection, that are associated with other kinds of transplants.”
2. One reason for using Mr. Ayers's own tissue is that it can be very difficult to find a donor whose bone marrow cells match the patient's class I and II MHC proteins. What is an MHC protein? What is the difference between class I and class II MHC proteins?
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Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption
1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.
Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable)
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data
(b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data
c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data
(d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip
(e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
(f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo
3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L. Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values: t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%. Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug:
(a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate)
(b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax).
(c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax).
(d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L. (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L. Hint: based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.)
(e)…
Chapter 21 Solutions
Human Anatomy & Physiology Plus Modified Mastering A&P with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package 11th edition
Ch. 21 - Prob. 1RQCh. 21 - 2. The process by which neutrophils squeeze...Ch. 21 - 3. Antibodies released by plasma cells are...Ch. 21 - 5. Which antibody class is abundant in body...Ch. 21 - Prob. 5RQCh. 21 - Prob. 6RQCh. 21 - Prob. 7RQCh. 21 - Prob. 8RQCh. 21 - 9. Complement activation promotes all of the...Ch. 21 - 10. The cell type most often invaded by HIV is...
Ch. 21 - Prob. 10RQCh. 21 - 13. Besides acting as mechanical barriers, the...Ch. 21 - 15. What is complement? How does it cause...Ch. 21 - Prob. 15RQCh. 21 - Prob. 24RQCh. 21 - Prob. 25RQCh. 21 - Prob. 16RQCh. 21 - Prob. 17RQCh. 21 - Prob. 18RQCh. 21 - Prob. 12RQCh. 21 - 24. How do antibodies help defend the body?
Ch. 21 - Prob. 20RQCh. 21 - Prob. 21RQCh. 21 - Prob. 22RQCh. 21 - Prob. 23RQCh. 21 - 1. Isabella, a 6-year-old child who has been...Ch. 21 - Prob. 27RQCh. 21 - Prob. 28RQCh. 21 - 52-Year-Old Male with Multiple Sclerosis Mr. Ayers...Ch. 21 - 52-Year-Old Male with Multiple Sclerosis Mr. Ayers...Ch. 21 - 52-Year-Old Male with Multiple Sclerosis Mr. Ayers...Ch. 21 - 52-Year-Old Male with Multiple Sclerosis
Mr....
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