1 SEM CARDLESS ACC W/RAVEN TEXT
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781265321062
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 21, Problem 2A
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
When variations are brought in a population under controlled human vigilance the new population that has formed is said to have been selected artificially. Selection (natural or artificial) can be of three types: stabilizing, directional, and disruptive.
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Which of the following is an example of stabilizing selection?a. Over time, Equus developed strength, intelligence, speed,and durable grinding teeth.b. British land snails mainly have two different phenotypes.c. Swiss starlings usually lay four or five eggs, therebyincreasing their chances of more offspring.d. Drug resistance increases with each generation; theresistant bacteria survive, and the nonresistant bacteriaget killed off.e. All of these are correct
You are studying a genetically modified mouse that produces electric blue fur, which is not a fur color observed in nature. You notice that females prefer males that have the blue fur when given a choice test for mates. This result supports which of the following models of sexual selection?
a.
Sexual selection for indirect benefits
b.
Sexual selection for direct benefits
c.
Sexual selection for arbitrary traits
d.
None of the above
A population occupies heterogeneous environments in which the fitness of some genotypes is higher in one environment and the fitness of other individuals is higher in another environment. This situation is likely to result in
a. directional selection.
b. stabilizing selection.
c. disruptive selection.
d. balancing selection.
Chapter 21 Solutions
1 SEM CARDLESS ACC W/RAVEN TEXT
Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 21.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 21.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 21.2 - Distinguish between demonstrating that evolution...Ch. 21.3 - Contrast the processes of artificial and natural...Ch. 21.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 21.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 21.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 21.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 21.5 - Explain the evolutionary significance of...
Ch. 21.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 21.6 - Prob. 1LOCh. 21.6 - Prob. 2LOCh. 21.7 - Characterize the criticisms of evolutionary theory...Ch. 21.7 - Prob. 2LOCh. 21 - Suppose that a male with a beak depth of 10 mm...Ch. 21 - Prob. 1IQCh. 21 - Prob. 2IQCh. 21 - Prob. 3IQCh. 21 - Why might the evolutionary line leading to...Ch. 21 - Artificial selection is different from natural...Ch. 21 - Gaps in the fossil record a. demonstrate our...Ch. 21 - The evolution of modern horses (Equus) is best...Ch. 21 - Homologous structures a. are structures in two or...Ch. 21 - Convergent evolution a. is an example of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 6UCh. 21 - The possession of fine fur in 5-month human...Ch. 21 - In Darwins finches, a. occurrence of wet and dry...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2ACh. 21 - Convergent evolution is often seen among species...Ch. 21 - What conditions are necessary for evolution by...Ch. 21 - Explain how data shown in figure 21.2a and b...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3SCh. 21 - Refer to figure 21.5, artificial selection in the...Ch. 21 - The ancestor of horses was a small, many-toed...
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- Discuss the case of sickle-cell disease as an example of stabilizing selection.arrow_forwardWhen we take, say, 100 individuals of a species of beetle from the wild and place them in a new environment that is not so different that they are unable to thrive but different enough so that they are experiencing a new selective regime, say, a lower temperature, what typically happens? A - Sexual selection causes some larvae to be able to survive in the cooler temperatures and other individuals to be unable to survive because they need warmer temperatures. B - We are unable to measure phenotypic selection, presumably because we do not have much variation among individuals for how they handle temperature. C - The founder event assures us that the new population will be strictly representative of the source population (especially if we took all the 100 from the same location rather that from throughout the range of the species). D - The population evolves to be tolerant of the lower temperature; it can do this because of latent variation already in the 100 founding individuals. E -…arrow_forwardWhich of the following are traits typical of intrasexual selection? a. Weapons b. Choosiness c. Combat behaviors d. Both a. and b. e. Both a. and c.arrow_forward
- C28. Do the following examples describe directional, disruptive, balancing, or stabilizing selection? A. Polymorphisms in snail color and banding pattern as described in Figure 24.13 B. Thick fur among mammals exposed to cold climates C. Birth weight in humans D. Sturdy stems and leaves among plants exposed to windy climatesarrow_forwardIt is believed that trichomes give an evolutionary advantage to plants when herbivory is high because the trichomes may be irritating to the animals that feed on these plants. In these situations, the selection pressure would favor plants with more trichomes. The experiment described above mimics this condition. What type of selection is represented here? A. Stabilizing B. Disruptive C. Directional selectionarrow_forwardIn marine iguanas males are much larger than females and fight with one another for access to areas that are preferred by females. What type of evolutionary force is causing the increase in male size? Group of answer choices A. disruptive (natural) selection B. intrasexual selection C. disruptive (natural) selection D. stabilizing (natural) selection E. intersexual selectionarrow_forward
- Which aspect(s) of natural selection is(are) illustrated by the figure below? Check ALL answers that apply. A. Variation among individuals must be genetically transmissible to the next generation. B. Variation must exist in a population. C. Variation among individuals leads to differences in lifetime reproductive success. D. More individuals are produced each generation than the environment can support, resulting in competition for survival.arrow_forwardIna population of birds, the average beak size is selected against and the largeand small sized beaks are selected for. This is an example of:a.directional selection.b.disruptive selection.c.stabilizing selection.d.natural selection.e.balanced polymorphism.arrow_forwardYou are examining the gene in your snail population that confers resistance to a parasite. There are multiple alleles at this locus. Identify the characteristics that would result in the greatest increase in allele frequency (not necessarily the greatest allele frequency) in one single generation of the resistant allele. Answer Resistant allele acts… Initial resistant allele frequency… Selection strength is… a. dominantly high weak b. recessively low strong c. dominantly low strong d. recessively high weak a. Answer a. b. Answer b. c. Answer c. d. Answer d.arrow_forward
- What is the difference between artificial selection (e.g., greyhounds that are bred for speed) and natural selection? a. In artificial selection, the genetic variation introduced into the population is limited, but in natural selection, it is not b. In artificial selection, the environment is the selective force, while in natural selection, humans are the selective force c. In natural selection, the environment is the selective force, while in artificial selection, humans are the selective force d. Unlike other species, dogs are not subject to natural selection e. Both A & Carrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT true of stabilising selection a. it occurs when inidivuals with extreme trait values have lower fitness than those with intermediate trait values. b. it keeps the mean close (or moves it closer) to the optimum value c. it can result from opposing directional selection, such as when early flowering makes flowers susceptible to herbivores, but late flowering reduces the availability of pollinators. d. it does not improve the fitness of the population to the environment. e. it decreases the range of variation in the populationarrow_forwardWhich of the following is the best description of sexual selection? a. Sexual selection is the differential reproductive success due to variation in acquiring immunity from mates. b. Sexual selection is the differential reproductive success due to variation in survival from social selection. c. Sexual selection is the differential reproductive success due to variation in acquiring mates or mating success. d. Sexual selection is the differential survival success due to variation in avoiding mates or mating success.arrow_forward
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