(a) Interpretation: How the given synthesis can be carried out is to be suggested. Concept introduction: β -Keto esters can be synthesized in a reaction known as Claisen condensation. The α -hydrogen in an carbonyl compound is relatively acidic because of the presence of an adjacent electron withdrawing group. A strong bulky, non-nuclophilic base extracts this proton, resulting in the formation of a carbon nucleophile. The nucleophile attacks and adds to the electrophilic carbon of a carbonyl compound such as an ester to form a tetrahedral intermediate. The elimination of the original alkoxide (acyl) group from this intermediate followed by proton transfers completes the reaction, giving an α -keto ester.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 21, Problem 21.89P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

How the given synthesis can be carried out is to be suggested.

Concept introduction:

β-Keto esters can be synthesized in a reaction known as Claisen condensation. The α-hydrogen in an carbonyl compound is relatively acidic because of the presence of an adjacent electron withdrawing group. A strong bulky, non-nuclophilic base extracts this proton, resulting in the formation of a carbon nucleophile. The nucleophile attacks and adds to the electrophilic carbon of a carbonyl compound such as an ester to form a tetrahedral intermediate. The elimination of the original alkoxide (acyl) group from this intermediate followed by proton transfers completes the reaction, giving an α-keto ester.

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

How the given synthesis can be carried out is to be suggested.

Concept introduction:

β-Keto esters can be synthesized in a reaction known as Claisen condensation. The α-hydrogen in an carbonyl compound is relatively acidic because of the presence of an adjacent electron withdrawing group. A strong bulky, non-nuclophilic base extracts this proton, resulting in the formation of a carbon nucleophile. The nucleophile attacks and adds to the electrophilic carbon of a carbonyl compound such as an ester to form a tetrahedral intermediate. The elimination of the original alkoxide (acyl) group from this intermediate followed by proton transfers completes the reaction, giving an α-keto ester.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

Describe the mesomeric or resonance effect and differentiate between types +E or +M and -R or -M.

I need help with the following two problems, understanding them in a simple manner. Can you please draw them out for me with a detailed explanation so that I can better comprehend? I'm a visual person, so I definitely need that. Thank you very much!

Problem 54, could you please explain it in detail? Thank you! Step by step, I'm really confused, so please don't make it overly complex. My question is to visually draw it out and demonstrate it to me; I'm confused about that problem, please (not just in words) but demonstrate it to me in all due essence (visually) with descriptions.

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 21, Problem 21.89P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

How the given synthesis can be carried out is to be suggested.

Concept introduction:

β-Keto esters can be synthesized in a reaction known as Claisen condensation. The α-hydrogen in an carbonyl compound is relatively acidic because of the presence of an adjacent electron withdrawing group. A strong bulky, non-nuclophilic base extracts this proton, resulting in the formation of a carbon nucleophile. The nucleophile attacks and adds to the electrophilic carbon of a carbonyl compound such as an ester to form a tetrahedral intermediate. The elimination of the original alkoxide (acyl) group from this intermediate followed by proton transfers completes the reaction, giving an α-keto ester.

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

How the given synthesis can be carried out is to be suggested.

Concept introduction:

β-Keto esters can be synthesized in a reaction known as Claisen condensation. The α-hydrogen in an carbonyl compound is relatively acidic because of the presence of an adjacent electron withdrawing group. A strong bulky, non-nuclophilic base extracts this proton, resulting in the formation of a carbon nucleophile. The nucleophile attacks and adds to the electrophilic carbon of a carbonyl compound such as an ester to form a tetrahedral intermediate. The elimination of the original alkoxide (acyl) group from this intermediate followed by proton transfers completes the reaction, giving an α-keto ester.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 21, Problem 21.89P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

How the given synthesis can be carried out is to be suggested.

Concept introduction:

β-Keto esters can be synthesized in a reaction known as Claisen condensation. The α-hydrogen in an carbonyl compound is relatively acidic because of the presence of an adjacent electron withdrawing group. A strong bulky, non-nuclophilic base extracts this proton, resulting in the formation of a carbon nucleophile. The nucleophile attacks and adds to the electrophilic carbon of a carbonyl compound such as an ester to form a tetrahedral intermediate. The elimination of the original alkoxide (acyl) group from this intermediate followed by proton transfers completes the reaction, giving an α-keto ester.

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

How the given synthesis can be carried out is to be suggested.

Concept introduction:

β-Keto esters can be synthesized in a reaction known as Claisen condensation. The α-hydrogen in an carbonyl compound is relatively acidic because of the presence of an adjacent electron withdrawing group. A strong bulky, non-nuclophilic base extracts this proton, resulting in the formation of a carbon nucleophile. The nucleophile attacks and adds to the electrophilic carbon of a carbonyl compound such as an ester to form a tetrahedral intermediate. The elimination of the original alkoxide (acyl) group from this intermediate followed by proton transfers completes the reaction, giving an α-keto ester.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 21, Problem 21.89P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

How the given synthesis can be carried out is to be suggested.

Concept introduction:

β-Keto esters can be synthesized in a reaction known as Claisen condensation. The α-hydrogen in an carbonyl compound is relatively acidic because of the presence of an adjacent electron withdrawing group. A strong bulky, non-nuclophilic base extracts this proton, resulting in the formation of a carbon nucleophile. The nucleophile attacks and adds to the electrophilic carbon of a carbonyl compound such as an ester to form a tetrahedral intermediate. The elimination of the original alkoxide (acyl) group from this intermediate followed by proton transfers completes the reaction, giving an α-keto ester.

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

How the given synthesis can be carried out is to be suggested.

Concept introduction:

β-Keto esters can be synthesized in a reaction known as Claisen condensation. The α-hydrogen in an carbonyl compound is relatively acidic because of the presence of an adjacent electron withdrawing group. A strong bulky, non-nuclophilic base extracts this proton, resulting in the formation of a carbon nucleophile. The nucleophile attacks and adds to the electrophilic carbon of a carbonyl compound such as an ester to form a tetrahedral intermediate. The elimination of the original alkoxide (acyl) group from this intermediate followed by proton transfers completes the reaction, giving an α-keto ester.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 21, Problem 21.89P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

How the given synthesis can be carried out is to be suggested.

Concept introduction:

β-Keto esters can be synthesized in a reaction known as Claisen condensation. The α-hydrogen in an carbonyl compound is relatively acidic because of the presence of an adjacent electron withdrawing group. A strong bulky, non-nuclophilic base extracts this proton, resulting in the formation of a carbon nucleophile. The nucleophile attacks and adds to the electrophilic carbon of a carbonyl compound such as an ester to form a tetrahedral intermediate. The elimination of the original alkoxide (acyl) group from this intermediate followed by proton transfers completes the reaction, giving an α-keto ester.

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

How the given synthesis can be carried out is to be suggested.

Concept introduction:

β-Keto esters can be synthesized in a reaction known as Claisen condensation. The α-hydrogen in an carbonyl compound is relatively acidic because of the presence of an adjacent electron withdrawing group. A strong bulky, non-nuclophilic base extracts this proton, resulting in the formation of a carbon nucleophile. The nucleophile attacks and adds to the electrophilic carbon of a carbonyl compound such as an ester to form a tetrahedral intermediate. The elimination of the original alkoxide (acyl) group from this intermediate followed by proton transfers completes the reaction, giving an α-keto ester.

Answer 6

Chapter 21, Problem 21.89P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

How the given synthesis can be carried out is to be suggested.

Concept introduction:

β-Keto esters can be synthesized in a reaction known as Claisen condensation. The α-hydrogen in an carbonyl compound is relatively acidic because of the presence of an adjacent electron withdrawing group. A strong bulky, non-nuclophilic base extracts this proton, resulting in the formation of a carbon nucleophile. The nucleophile attacks and adds to the electrophilic carbon of a carbonyl compound such as an ester to form a tetrahedral intermediate. The elimination of the original alkoxide (acyl) group from this intermediate followed by proton transfers completes the reaction, giving an α-keto ester.

Answer 7

Chapter 21, Problem 21.89P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

How the given synthesis can be carried out is to be suggested.

Concept introduction:

β-Keto esters can be synthesized in a reaction known as Claisen condensation. The α-hydrogen in an carbonyl compound is relatively acidic because of the presence of an adjacent electron withdrawing group. A strong bulky, non-nuclophilic base extracts this proton, resulting in the formation of a carbon nucleophile. The nucleophile attacks and adds to the electrophilic carbon of a carbonyl compound such as an ester to form a tetrahedral intermediate. The elimination of the original alkoxide (acyl) group from this intermediate followed by proton transfers completes the reaction, giving an α-keto ester.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

How the given synthesis can be carried out is to be suggested.

Concept introduction:

β-Keto esters can be synthesized in a reaction known as Claisen condensation. The α-hydrogen in an carbonyl compound is relatively acidic because of the presence of an adjacent electron withdrawing group. A strong bulky, non-nuclophilic base extracts this proton, resulting in the formation of a carbon nucleophile. The nucleophile attacks and adds to the electrophilic carbon of a carbonyl compound such as an ester to form a tetrahedral intermediate. The elimination of the original alkoxide (acyl) group from this intermediate followed by proton transfers completes the reaction, giving an α-keto ester.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

How the given synthesis can be carried out is to be suggested.

Concept introduction:

β-Keto esters can be synthesized in a reaction known as Claisen condensation. The α-hydrogen in an carbonyl compound is relatively acidic because of the presence of an adjacent electron withdrawing group. A strong bulky, non-nuclophilic base extracts this proton, resulting in the formation of a carbon nucleophile. The nucleophile attacks and adds to the electrophilic carbon of a carbonyl compound such as an ester to form a tetrahedral intermediate. The elimination of the original alkoxide (acyl) group from this intermediate followed by proton transfers completes the reaction, giving an α-keto ester.

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 12

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 13

Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.1P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.2P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.3P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.4P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.5P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.6P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.7P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.8P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.9P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains how the -keto ester can be synthesized in a reaction known as Claisen condensation.

Concept explainers

Videos

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 21 Solutions