Which of the following statements about the genetic code are true and which are false? Correct each false statement. a. Each codon is composed of four bases. b. Some amino acids are represented by more than one carbon. c. All codons represent an amino acid. d. Each living species is thought to have its own unique genetic code. e. The codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that codon. f. It is not known if the code contains stop signals for protein synthesis.

Question

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Answer 1

Textbook Question

Chapter 21, Problem 21.40E

Which of the following statements about the genetic code are true and which are false? Correct each false statement.

a. Each codon is composed of four bases.

b. Some amino acids are represented by more than one carbon.

c. All codons represent an amino acid.

d. Each living species is thought to have its own unique genetic code.

e. The codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that codon.

f. It is not known if the code contains stop signals for protein synthesis.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that each codon is composed of four bases is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that each codon is composed of four bases is false. The correct statement is that each codon is composed for three bases.

Explanation of Solution

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to a specific amino acid are known as codon. Therefore, it is false that each codon is composed of four bases. The correct statement is that each codon is composed for three bases.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that each codon is composed of four bases is false. The correct statement is that each codon is composed for three bases.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon is true.

Explanation of Solution

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to a specific amino acid are known as codon. It is true that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon. For example, amino acid alanine is represented by four different codons GCA, GCC, GCG and GCU.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon is true.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that all codons represent an amino acid is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that all codons represent an amino acid is false. Out of 64 codons, 61 codons represent an amino acid.

Explanation of Solution

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to a specific amino acid are known as codon. However, codons UAG, UAA and UGA do not correspond to any amino acid. They represent a stop signal during the synthesis of protein.

The total number of codons is 64 out of which three codons do not represent any amino acid. Therefore, out of 64 codons, 61 codons represent an amino acid.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that all codons represent an amino acid is false. Out of 64 codons, 61 codons represent an amino acid.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is false. The correct statement is that each living species contains same genetic codes but in a different sequence.

Explanation of Solution

The genetic codes present in each of the living species are the same; however, the arrangement of these genetic codes is different in each species. Therefore, the statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is false. The correct statement is that each living species contains same genetic codes but in a different sequence.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is false. The correct statement is that each living species contains same genetic codes but in a different sequence.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true.

Explanation of Solution

The triplet code that represents the start of the signal during translation is AUG. Therefore, the statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signals is not known is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signals is not known is false. The correct statement is that three codons are represented as a stop signal in the protein synthesis.

Explanation of Solution

The triplet codes that correspond to the stop signals are UAG, UAA and UGA. If the code contains UAG, UAA or UGA, the synthesis of protein stops. Therefore, the statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signals is not known is false. The correct statement is that three codons are represented as a stop signal in the protein synthesis.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signal is not known is false. The correct statement is that three codons are represented as a stop signal in the protein synthesis.

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Answer 2

Textbook Question

Chapter 21, Problem 21.40E

Which of the following statements about the genetic code are true and which are false? Correct each false statement.

a. Each codon is composed of four bases.

b. Some amino acids are represented by more than one carbon.

c. All codons represent an amino acid.

d. Each living species is thought to have its own unique genetic code.

e. The codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that codon.

f. It is not known if the code contains stop signals for protein synthesis.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that each codon is composed of four bases is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that each codon is composed of four bases is false. The correct statement is that each codon is composed for three bases.

Explanation of Solution

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to a specific amino acid are known as codon. Therefore, it is false that each codon is composed of four bases. The correct statement is that each codon is composed for three bases.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that each codon is composed of four bases is false. The correct statement is that each codon is composed for three bases.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon is true.

Explanation of Solution

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to a specific amino acid are known as codon. It is true that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon. For example, amino acid alanine is represented by four different codons GCA, GCC, GCG and GCU.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon is true.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that all codons represent an amino acid is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that all codons represent an amino acid is false. Out of 64 codons, 61 codons represent an amino acid.

Explanation of Solution

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to a specific amino acid are known as codon. However, codons UAG, UAA and UGA do not correspond to any amino acid. They represent a stop signal during the synthesis of protein.

The total number of codons is 64 out of which three codons do not represent any amino acid. Therefore, out of 64 codons, 61 codons represent an amino acid.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that all codons represent an amino acid is false. Out of 64 codons, 61 codons represent an amino acid.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is false. The correct statement is that each living species contains same genetic codes but in a different sequence.

Explanation of Solution

The genetic codes present in each of the living species are the same; however, the arrangement of these genetic codes is different in each species. Therefore, the statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is false. The correct statement is that each living species contains same genetic codes but in a different sequence.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is false. The correct statement is that each living species contains same genetic codes but in a different sequence.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true.

Explanation of Solution

The triplet code that represents the start of the signal during translation is AUG. Therefore, the statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signals is not known is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signals is not known is false. The correct statement is that three codons are represented as a stop signal in the protein synthesis.

Explanation of Solution

The triplet codes that correspond to the stop signals are UAG, UAA and UGA. If the code contains UAG, UAA or UGA, the synthesis of protein stops. Therefore, the statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signals is not known is false. The correct statement is that three codons are represented as a stop signal in the protein synthesis.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signal is not known is false. The correct statement is that three codons are represented as a stop signal in the protein synthesis.

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Answer 3

Textbook Question

Chapter 21, Problem 21.40E

Which of the following statements about the genetic code are true and which are false? Correct each false statement.

a. Each codon is composed of four bases.

b. Some amino acids are represented by more than one carbon.

c. All codons represent an amino acid.

d. Each living species is thought to have its own unique genetic code.

e. The codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that codon.

f. It is not known if the code contains stop signals for protein synthesis.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that each codon is composed of four bases is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that each codon is composed of four bases is false. The correct statement is that each codon is composed for three bases.

Explanation of Solution

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to a specific amino acid are known as codon. Therefore, it is false that each codon is composed of four bases. The correct statement is that each codon is composed for three bases.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that each codon is composed of four bases is false. The correct statement is that each codon is composed for three bases.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon is true.

Explanation of Solution

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to a specific amino acid are known as codon. It is true that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon. For example, amino acid alanine is represented by four different codons GCA, GCC, GCG and GCU.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon is true.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that all codons represent an amino acid is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that all codons represent an amino acid is false. Out of 64 codons, 61 codons represent an amino acid.

Explanation of Solution

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to a specific amino acid are known as codon. However, codons UAG, UAA and UGA do not correspond to any amino acid. They represent a stop signal during the synthesis of protein.

The total number of codons is 64 out of which three codons do not represent any amino acid. Therefore, out of 64 codons, 61 codons represent an amino acid.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that all codons represent an amino acid is false. Out of 64 codons, 61 codons represent an amino acid.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is false. The correct statement is that each living species contains same genetic codes but in a different sequence.

Explanation of Solution

The genetic codes present in each of the living species are the same; however, the arrangement of these genetic codes is different in each species. Therefore, the statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is false. The correct statement is that each living species contains same genetic codes but in a different sequence.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is false. The correct statement is that each living species contains same genetic codes but in a different sequence.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true.

Explanation of Solution

The triplet code that represents the start of the signal during translation is AUG. Therefore, the statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signals is not known is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signals is not known is false. The correct statement is that three codons are represented as a stop signal in the protein synthesis.

Explanation of Solution

The triplet codes that correspond to the stop signals are UAG, UAA and UGA. If the code contains UAG, UAA or UGA, the synthesis of protein stops. Therefore, the statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signals is not known is false. The correct statement is that three codons are represented as a stop signal in the protein synthesis.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signal is not known is false. The correct statement is that three codons are represented as a stop signal in the protein synthesis.

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Answer 4

Textbook Question

Chapter 21, Problem 21.40E

Which of the following statements about the genetic code are true and which are false? Correct each false statement.

a. Each codon is composed of four bases.

b. Some amino acids are represented by more than one carbon.

c. All codons represent an amino acid.

d. Each living species is thought to have its own unique genetic code.

e. The codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that codon.

f. It is not known if the code contains stop signals for protein synthesis.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that each codon is composed of four bases is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that each codon is composed of four bases is false. The correct statement is that each codon is composed for three bases.

Explanation of Solution

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to a specific amino acid are known as codon. Therefore, it is false that each codon is composed of four bases. The correct statement is that each codon is composed for three bases.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that each codon is composed of four bases is false. The correct statement is that each codon is composed for three bases.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon is true.

Explanation of Solution

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to a specific amino acid are known as codon. It is true that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon. For example, amino acid alanine is represented by four different codons GCA, GCC, GCG and GCU.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon is true.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that all codons represent an amino acid is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that all codons represent an amino acid is false. Out of 64 codons, 61 codons represent an amino acid.

Explanation of Solution

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to a specific amino acid are known as codon. However, codons UAG, UAA and UGA do not correspond to any amino acid. They represent a stop signal during the synthesis of protein.

The total number of codons is 64 out of which three codons do not represent any amino acid. Therefore, out of 64 codons, 61 codons represent an amino acid.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that all codons represent an amino acid is false. Out of 64 codons, 61 codons represent an amino acid.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is false. The correct statement is that each living species contains same genetic codes but in a different sequence.

Explanation of Solution

The genetic codes present in each of the living species are the same; however, the arrangement of these genetic codes is different in each species. Therefore, the statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is false. The correct statement is that each living species contains same genetic codes but in a different sequence.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is false. The correct statement is that each living species contains same genetic codes but in a different sequence.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true.

Explanation of Solution

The triplet code that represents the start of the signal during translation is AUG. Therefore, the statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signals is not known is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signals is not known is false. The correct statement is that three codons are represented as a stop signal in the protein synthesis.

Explanation of Solution

The triplet codes that correspond to the stop signals are UAG, UAA and UGA. If the code contains UAG, UAA or UGA, the synthesis of protein stops. Therefore, the statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signals is not known is false. The correct statement is that three codons are represented as a stop signal in the protein synthesis.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signal is not known is false. The correct statement is that three codons are represented as a stop signal in the protein synthesis.

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Answer 5

Textbook Question

Answer 6

Textbook Question

Answer 7

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that each codon is composed of four bases is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that each codon is composed of four bases is false. The correct statement is that each codon is composed for three bases.

Explanation of Solution

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to a specific amino acid are known as codon. Therefore, it is false that each codon is composed of four bases. The correct statement is that each codon is composed for three bases.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that each codon is composed of four bases is false. The correct statement is that each codon is composed for three bases.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon is true.

Explanation of Solution

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to a specific amino acid are known as codon. It is true that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon. For example, amino acid alanine is represented by four different codons GCA, GCC, GCG and GCU.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon is true.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that all codons represent an amino acid is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that all codons represent an amino acid is false. Out of 64 codons, 61 codons represent an amino acid.

Explanation of Solution

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to a specific amino acid are known as codon. However, codons UAG, UAA and UGA do not correspond to any amino acid. They represent a stop signal during the synthesis of protein.

The total number of codons is 64 out of which three codons do not represent any amino acid. Therefore, out of 64 codons, 61 codons represent an amino acid.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that all codons represent an amino acid is false. Out of 64 codons, 61 codons represent an amino acid.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is false. The correct statement is that each living species contains same genetic codes but in a different sequence.

Explanation of Solution

The genetic codes present in each of the living species are the same; however, the arrangement of these genetic codes is different in each species. Therefore, the statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is false. The correct statement is that each living species contains same genetic codes but in a different sequence.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is false. The correct statement is that each living species contains same genetic codes but in a different sequence.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true.

Explanation of Solution

The triplet code that represents the start of the signal during translation is AUG. Therefore, the statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true.

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signals is not known is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signals is not known is false. The correct statement is that three codons are represented as a stop signal in the protein synthesis.

Explanation of Solution

The triplet codes that correspond to the stop signals are UAG, UAA and UGA. If the code contains UAG, UAA or UGA, the synthesis of protein stops. Therefore, the statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signals is not known is false. The correct statement is that three codons are represented as a stop signal in the protein synthesis.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signal is not known is false. The correct statement is that three codons are represented as a stop signal in the protein synthesis.

Answer 8

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that each codon is composed of four bases is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that each codon is composed of four bases is false. The correct statement is that each codon is composed for three bases.

Explanation of Solution

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to a specific amino acid are known as codon. Therefore, it is false that each codon is composed of four bases. The correct statement is that each codon is composed for three bases.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that each codon is composed of four bases is false. The correct statement is that each codon is composed for three bases.

Answer 9

Expert Solution

Answer 10

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that each codon is composed of four bases is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer 13

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that each codon is composed of four bases is false. The correct statement is that each codon is composed for three bases.

Answer 14

Explanation of Solution

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to a specific amino acid are known as codon. Therefore, it is false that each codon is composed of four bases. The correct statement is that each codon is composed for three bases.

Answer 15

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that each codon is composed of four bases is false. The correct statement is that each codon is composed for three bases.

Answer 16

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon is true.

Explanation of Solution

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to a specific amino acid are known as codon. It is true that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon. For example, amino acid alanine is represented by four different codons GCA, GCC, GCG and GCU.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon is true.

Answer 17

Expert Solution

Answer 18

Expert Solution

Answer 19

Expert Solution

Answer 20

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer 21

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon is true.

Answer 22

Explanation of Solution

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to a specific amino acid are known as codon. It is true that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon. For example, amino acid alanine is represented by four different codons GCA, GCC, GCG and GCU.

Answer 23

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that some amino acids are represented by more than one codon is true.

Answer 24

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that all codons represent an amino acid is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that all codons represent an amino acid is false. Out of 64 codons, 61 codons represent an amino acid.

Explanation of Solution

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to a specific amino acid are known as codon. However, codons UAG, UAA and UGA do not correspond to any amino acid. They represent a stop signal during the synthesis of protein.

The total number of codons is 64 out of which three codons do not represent any amino acid. Therefore, out of 64 codons, 61 codons represent an amino acid.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that all codons represent an amino acid is false. Out of 64 codons, 61 codons represent an amino acid.

Answer 25

Expert Solution

Answer 26

Expert Solution

Answer 27

Expert Solution

Answer 28

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that all codons represent an amino acid is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer 29

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that all codons represent an amino acid is false. Out of 64 codons, 61 codons represent an amino acid.

Answer 30

Explanation of Solution

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to a specific amino acid are known as codon. However, codons UAG, UAA and UGA do not correspond to any amino acid. They represent a stop signal during the synthesis of protein.

The total number of codons is 64 out of which three codons do not represent any amino acid. Therefore, out of 64 codons, 61 codons represent an amino acid.

Answer 31

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that all codons represent an amino acid is false. Out of 64 codons, 61 codons represent an amino acid.

Answer 32

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is false. The correct statement is that each living species contains same genetic codes but in a different sequence.

Explanation of Solution

The genetic codes present in each of the living species are the same; however, the arrangement of these genetic codes is different in each species. Therefore, the statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is false. The correct statement is that each living species contains same genetic codes but in a different sequence.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is false. The correct statement is that each living species contains same genetic codes but in a different sequence.

Answer 33

Expert Solution

Answer 34

Expert Solution

Answer 35

Expert Solution

Answer 36

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer 37

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is false. The correct statement is that each living species contains same genetic codes but in a different sequence.

Answer 38

Explanation of Solution

The genetic codes present in each of the living species are the same; however, the arrangement of these genetic codes is different in each species. Therefore, the statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is false. The correct statement is that each living species contains same genetic codes but in a different sequence.

Answer 39

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that each living species has its own unique genetic code is false. The correct statement is that each living species contains same genetic codes but in a different sequence.

Answer 40

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true.

Explanation of Solution

The triplet code that represents the start of the signal during translation is AUG. Therefore, the statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true.

Answer 41

Expert Solution

Answer 42

Expert Solution

Answer 43

Expert Solution

Answer 44

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer 45

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true.

Answer 46

Explanation of Solution

The triplet code that represents the start of the signal during translation is AUG. Therefore, the statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true.

Answer 47

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that codon AUG at the beginning of a sequence is a signal for protein synthesis to begin at that code is true.

Answer 48

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signals is not known is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signals is not known is false. The correct statement is that three codons are represented as a stop signal in the protein synthesis.

Explanation of Solution

The triplet codes that correspond to the stop signals are UAG, UAA and UGA. If the code contains UAG, UAA or UGA, the synthesis of protein stops. Therefore, the statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signals is not known is false. The correct statement is that three codons are represented as a stop signal in the protein synthesis.

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signal is not known is false. The correct statement is that three codons are represented as a stop signal in the protein synthesis.

Answer 49

Expert Solution

Answer 50

Expert Solution

Answer 51

Expert Solution

Answer 52

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signals is not known is true or false is to be predicted. The correct statement is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA which corresponds to specific amino acid are known as codon. The three nitrogenous bases present on transfer RNA which are complementary to three nitrogenous bases present on messenger RNA are known as anticodon.

Answer 53

Answer to Problem 21.40E

The statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signals is not known is false. The correct statement is that three codons are represented as a stop signal in the protein synthesis.

Answer 54

Explanation of Solution

The triplet codes that correspond to the stop signals are UAG, UAA and UGA. If the code contains UAG, UAA or UGA, the synthesis of protein stops. Therefore, the statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signals is not known is false. The correct statement is that three codons are represented as a stop signal in the protein synthesis.

Answer 55

Conclusion

The statement about genetic code that in a protein synthesis the code contains stop signal is not known is false. The correct statement is that three codons are represented as a stop signal in the protein synthesis.