The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated. Concept Introduction: Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity. Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus. For a stable atoms having low atomic number , n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1. General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below, If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers. If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles. All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive. Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 21.16QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 21.16QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 21.16QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 21.16QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 21, Problem 21.16QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

Answer 6

Chapter 21, Problem 21.16QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

Answer 7

Chapter 21, Problem 21.16QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

Answer 14

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

Answer 15

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The radioactive isotope from the list has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Nuclear stability means that the nucleus is stable meaning that it does not spontaneously emit any kind of radioactivity.

Nuclear stability can be explained based on neutron proton ratio (n/p) in the nucleus.

For a stable atoms having low atomic number, n/p ratio is close to 1. When atomic number increases n/p becomes greater than 1.

General rules for predicting the nuclear stability is given below,

If the nucleus contains 2, 8,20,50,82 or 126 protons or neutrons, then they are generally considered as stable than the nuclei that do not possess these numbers.

If the nuclei has even number of both protons and neutrons, then they are considered as stable as those with odd number of these particles.

All isotopes of elements with atomic number higher than 83 are radioactive.

Stable nucleus is non-radioactive and unstable nucleus is radioactive.

Answer 16

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 17

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 18

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Answer 19

Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 1PE Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 1RC Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 1RC Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 1PE Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 2RC Ch. 21.3 - Prob. 1RC Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 1PE Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 1RC Ch. 21.5 - Prob. 1RC Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.1QP

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Chapter 21 Solutions