College Physics: A Strategic Approach Technology Update, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Physics with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134201979
Author: Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus), Brian Jones, Stuart Field
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 21, Problem 16CQ
Figure Q21.16 shows an electric field diagram. Rank in order, from highest to lowest, the electric potentials at points a, b, and c.
Figure Q21.16
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A cylinder with a piston contains 0.153 mol of
nitrogen at a pressure of 1.83×105 Pa and a
temperature of 290 K. The nitrogen may be
treated as an ideal gas. The gas is first compressed
isobarically to half its original volume. It then
expands adiabatically back to its original volume,
and finally it is heated isochorically to its original
pressure.
Part A
Compute the temperature at the beginning of the adiabatic expansion.
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Part B
Compute the temperature at the end of the adiabatic expansion.
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Part C
Compute the minimum pressure.
Express your answer in pascals.
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P =
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K
Pa
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
Τ
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
T
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Chapter 21 Solutions
College Physics: A Strategic Approach Technology Update, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Physics with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (3rd Edition)
Ch. 21 - By moving a 10 nC charge from point A to point B,...Ch. 21 - Charge q is fired through a small hole in the...Ch. 21 - Why is the potential energy of two opposite...Ch. 21 - An electron (q = e) completes half of a circular...Ch. 21 - An electron moves along the trajectory from i to f...Ch. 21 - The graph in Figure Q21.61Q shows the electric...Ch. 21 - As shown in Figure Q21.7, two protons are launched...Ch. 21 - Each part of Figure Q21.8 shows one or more point...Ch. 21 - Figure Q21.9 shows two points inside a capacitor....Ch. 21 - A capacitor with plates separated by distanced is...
Ch. 21 - Rank in order, from most positive to most...Ch. 21 - Figure Q21.12 shows two points near a positive...Ch. 21 - A. Suppose that E = 0, throughout some region of...Ch. 21 - Rank in order, from largest to smallest, the...Ch. 21 - Figure Q21.16 shows an electric field diagram....Ch. 21 - Figure Q21.17 shows a negatively charged...Ch. 21 - Rank in order, from largest to smallest, the...Ch. 21 - A parallel-plate capacitor with plate separation d...Ch. 21 - A proton is launched from point 1 in Figure Q21...Ch. 21 - A 1.0 nC positive point charge is located at point...Ch. 21 - A 100 V battery is connected across the plates of...Ch. 21 - The electric potential is 300 V at x = 0 cm, is...Ch. 21 - What is the potential at point c? A. 400 v B. 350...Ch. 21 - At which point, a, b, or c, is the magnitude of...Ch. 21 - What is the approximate magnitude of the electric...Ch. 21 - The direction of the electric field at point b is...Ch. 21 - A +10 nC charge is moved from point c to point a....Ch. 21 - A bug zapper consists of two metal plates...Ch. 21 - An atom of helium and one of argon are singly...Ch. 21 - The dipole moment of the heart is shown at a...Ch. 21 - Moving a charge from point A, where the potential...Ch. 21 - The graph in Figure P21.2 shows the electric...Ch. 21 - It takes 3.0 J of work to move a 15 nC charge from...Ch. 21 - A 20 nC charge is moved from a point where V = 150...Ch. 21 - At one point in space, the electric potential...Ch. 21 - An electron has been accelerated from rest through...Ch. 21 - A proton has been accelerated from rest through a...Ch. 21 - What potential difference is needed to accelerate...Ch. 21 - An electron with an initial speed of 500,000 m/s...Ch. 21 - A proton with an initial speed of 800,000 m/s is...Ch. 21 - The electric potential at a point that is halfway...Ch. 21 - A 2.0 cm 2.0 cm parallel-plate capacitor has a...Ch. 21 - Two 2.00 cm 2.00 cm plates that form a...Ch. 21 - A. In Figure P21.14, which capacitor plate, left...Ch. 21 - A +25 nC charge is at the origin. How much farther...Ch. 21 - A. What is the electric potential at points A, B,...Ch. 21 - A 1.0-cm-diameter sphere is charged to a potential...Ch. 21 - What is the electric potential at the point...Ch. 21 - a. What is the potential difference between the...Ch. 21 - A. In Figure P21.20, which point, A or B, has a...Ch. 21 - In Figure P21.21, the electric potential at point...Ch. 21 - What is the potential difference between xi = 10...Ch. 21 - What are the magnitude and direction of the...Ch. 21 - What are the magnitude and direction of the...Ch. 21 - Two 2.0 cm 2.0 cm square aluminum electrodes,...Ch. 21 - An uncharged capacitor is connected to the...Ch. 21 - You need to construct a 100 pF capacitor for a...Ch. 21 - A switch that connects a battery to a 10 F...Ch. 21 - What is the voltage of a battery that will charge...Ch. 21 - Two electrodes connected to a 9.0 V battery are...Ch. 21 - Initially, the switch in Figure P21 .33 is open...Ch. 21 - A 1.2 nF parallel-plate capacitor has an air gap...Ch. 21 - A science-fair radio uses a homemade capacitor...Ch. 21 - A 25 pF parallel-plate capacitor with an air gap...Ch. 21 - Two 2.0-cm-diameter electrodes with a 0.1...Ch. 21 - A parallel-plate capacitor is connected to a...Ch. 21 - A parallel-plate capacitor is charged by a 12.0 V...Ch. 21 - To what potential should you charge a 1.0 F...Ch. 21 - A pair of 10 F capacitors in a high-power laser...Ch. 21 - Capacitor 2 has half the capacitance and twice the...Ch. 21 - Two uncharged metal spheres, spaced 15.0 cm apart,...Ch. 21 - 50 pJ of energy is stored in a 2.0 cm 2.0 cm 2.0...Ch. 21 - A 2.0-cm-diameter parallel-plate capacitor with a...Ch. 21 - What is the change in electric potential energy of...Ch. 21 - What is the potential difference V34 in Figure...Ch. 21 - A 50 nC charged particle is in a uniform electric...Ch. 21 - At a distance r from a point charge, the electric...Ch. 21 - The 4000 V equipotential surface is 10.0 cm...Ch. 21 - What is the electric potential energy of the...Ch. 21 - Two point charges 2.0 cm apart have an electric...Ch. 21 - Two positive point charges are 5.0 cm apart. If...Ch. 21 - A +3.0 nC charge is at x = 0 cm and a 1.0 nC...Ch. 21 - A 3.0 nC charge is on the x-axis at x = 9 cm and a...Ch. 21 - A 10.0 nC point charge and a +20.0 nC point charge...Ch. 21 - A 2.0-mm-diameter glass bead is positively...Ch. 21 - In a semiclassical model of the hydrogen atom, the...Ch. 21 - What is the electric potential at the point...Ch. 21 - a. What is the electric potential at point A in...Ch. 21 - A protons speed as it passes point A is 50,000...Ch. 21 - A proton follows the path shown in Figure P21.63....Ch. 21 - Electric outlets have a voltage of approximately...Ch. 21 - Estimate the magnitude of the electric field in a...Ch. 21 - A Na+ion moves from inside a cell, where the...Ch. 21 - Suppose that a molecular ion with charge 10e is...Ch. 21 - The electric field strength is 50,000 V/m inside a...Ch. 21 - A parallel-plate capacitor is charged to 5000 V. A...Ch. 21 - A proton is released from rest at the positive...Ch. 21 - The electric field strength is 20,000 V/m inside a...Ch. 21 - In the early 1900s, Robert Millikan used small...Ch. 21 - Two 2.0-cm-diameter disks spaced 2.0 mm apart form...Ch. 21 - In proton-beam therapy, a high-energy beam of...Ch. 21 - A 2.5-mm-diameter sphere is charged to 4.5 nC. An...Ch. 21 - A proton is fired from far away toward the nucleus...Ch. 21 - Two 10.0-cm-diameter electrodes 0.50 cm apart form...Ch. 21 - Two 10.0-cm-diameter electrodes 0.50 cm apart form...Ch. 21 - Determine the magnitude and direction of the...Ch. 21 - Figure P21.81 shows the electric potential on a...Ch. 21 - A capacitor consists of two 6.0-cm-diameter...Ch. 21 - The dielectric in a capacitor serves two purposes....Ch. 21 - The highest magnetic fields in the world are...Ch. 21 - The flash unit in a camera uses a special circuit...Ch. 21 - A Lightning Strike Storm clouds build up large...Ch. 21 - A Lightning Strike Storm clouds build up large...Ch. 21 - A Lightning Strike Storm clouds build up large...Ch. 21 - A Lightning Strike Storm clouds build up large...Ch. 21 - A Lightning Strike Storm clouds build up large...
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