Foundations of Astronomy, Enhanced
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781305980686
Author: Michael A. Seeds; Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Chapter 21, Problem 12P
What is the wavelength of the most intense
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1. (a) Calculate thermal escape times for H,
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temperatures of 210 K and 1000 K.
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Why Wait? To explore a planet, we often send first a flyby, then an orbiter, then a probe or a lander. There’s no doubt that probes and landers give the most close-up detail, so why don’t we send this type of mission first? For the planet of your choice, based just on the information in this chap- ter, give an example of why such a strategy might cause a mission to provide incomplete information about the planet or to fail outright.
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Foundations of Astronomy, Enhanced
Ch. 21 - How does the force of gravity cause tidal coupling...Ch. 21 - As viewed from Earth, how many times does the Moon...Ch. 21 - If the Moon is tidally coupled to Earth, is Earth...Ch. 21 - How can you determine the relative ages of the...Ch. 21 - From looking at images of the Moons near side, how...Ch. 21 - Why did the first Apollo missions land on the...Ch. 21 - Why do planetary scientists hypothesize that the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 8RQCh. 21 - Prob. 9RQCh. 21 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 21 - What is the most significant kind of erosion that...Ch. 21 - Provide evidence to support a hypothesis about...Ch. 21 - What evidence can you cite that the Moon had...Ch. 21 - What evidence would you expect to find on the Moon...Ch. 21 - How does the large-impact hypothesis explain the...Ch. 21 - Look at the Celestial Profiles for Earth, the...Ch. 21 - Look at the Celestial Profiles for the Moon and...Ch. 21 - Prob. 18RQCh. 21 - Look at the Celestial Profiles for Earth, the...Ch. 21 - Look at the Celestial Profiles for the Moon and...Ch. 21 - Why are features like the Moons maria not observed...Ch. 21 - What are the relative ages of the intercrater...Ch. 21 - What evidence can you give that Mercury has a...Ch. 21 - Why is it not surprising that there is no evidence...Ch. 21 - What evidence can you give that Mercury had...Ch. 21 - How are the histories of the Moon and Mercury...Ch. 21 - What property of the Moon and Mercury has resulted...Ch. 21 - Prob. 28RQCh. 21 - Prob. 1DQCh. 21 - Prob. 2DQCh. 21 - Prob. 3DQCh. 21 - Prob. 4DQCh. 21 - Look at the right top and bottom images in Figure...Ch. 21 - Calculate the escape velocity of the Moon from its...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3PCh. 21 - Why do small planets cool faster than large...Ch. 21 - The smallest detail visible through Earth-based...Ch. 21 - Prob. 6PCh. 21 - The trenches where Earths seafloor slips downward...Ch. 21 - An Apollo command module orbited the Moon about...Ch. 21 - Prob. 9PCh. 21 - What is the angular diameter of Mercury when it is...Ch. 21 - If you transmit radio signals to Mercury when...Ch. 21 - What is the wavelength of the most intense...Ch. 21 - Suppose you send a probe to land on Mercury, and...Ch. 21 - The smallest detail visible through Earth-based...Ch. 21 - Look at the image of the astronaut on the Moon at...Ch. 21 - Examine the shape of the horizon at the Apollo 17...Ch. 21 - In the photo shown here, astronaut Alan Bean works...
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- How might Venus’ atmosphere have evolved to its present state through a runaway greenhouse effect?arrow_forwardDescribe sources and sinks of CO2, if any, on Venus today.arrow_forwardVenus can be as bright as apparent magnitude 4.7 when at a distance of about 1 AU. How many times fainter would Venus look from a distance of 1 pc? What would its apparent magnitude be? Assume Venus has the same illumination phase from your new vantage point. (Hints: Recall the inverse square law, Section 9-2a; also, review the definition of apparent visual magnitudes, Chapter 2.) (Note: 1 pc = 2.1 105 AU.)arrow_forward
- Why do small planets cool faster than large planets? Choose any two of the five Terrestrial worlds and calculate for each one the ratio of its surface area to its volume. Why is this ratio important? (Hint: Does this ratio have anything to do with the ability of a planet to lose internal heat?) (Note: The surface area of a sphere is 4r2, and the volume of a sphere is 43r3.)arrow_forwardThe runaway greenhouse effect and its inverse, the runaway refrigerator effect, have led to harsh, uninhabitable conditions on Venus and Mars. Does the greenhouse effect always cause climate changes leading to loss of water and life? Give a reason for your answer.arrow_forwardHow can planetary scientists estimate the ages of the outflow channels and valley networks on Mars?arrow_forward
- The smallest detail visible through Earth-based telescopes is about 1 arc second in diameter. What linear size does that correspond to on Mercury when Mercury is at a distance of 1 AU? Can Caloris Basin be resolved? (Hint: Use the small-angle formula, Eq. 3-1.) (Note: 1 AU is 1.5 108 km.)arrow_forwardSuppose you send a probe to land on Mercury, and the probe transmits radio signals to Earth at a wavelength of 10.0000 cm. You listen for the probe when Mercury is moving away from Earth at its full orbital velocity of 48 km/s around the Sun. What wavelength would have to tune your radio telescope to detect that signal? (Hint: Use the Doppler shift formula, Eq. 7-3.) (Note: The speed of light is 3.0 105 km/s.)arrow_forwardWhy is it not surprising that there is no evidence of plate tectonics on Mercurys surface?arrow_forward
- Suppose you send a probe to land on Mercury, and the probe transmits radio signals to Earth at a wavelength of 59.0000 cm. You listen for the probe when Mercury is moving away from Earth at its full orbital velocity of 48 km/s around the sun. What wavelength (in cm) would you have to tune your radio telescope to detect the signal? (Hint: Use the Doppler shift formula .) (Note: the speed of light if 3.0 x 10^5 km/s. Give your answer to at least four decimal places.) ______ cmarrow_forwardAccording to http://hyperphysics.phy-str.gsu.edu/hbase/solar/venusenv.html, the atmosphere of Venus is approximately 96.5% CO2 and 3.5% N2 by volume. On the surface, where the temperature is about 750 K and the pressure is about 90 atm, what is the density of the atmosphere?arrow_forwardAssuming all other variables were earth based besides atmospheric pressure, calculate the temperature at which water would boil at sea level on Titan versus Earth? And explain why using molecular concepts. Consider the pressure of Earth’s atmosphere at sea level to be 1 atm and the pressure of Titan’s atmosphere at sea level to be 1.45 atm. ps plz stop refusing my questions or im going to cancel this membershiparrow_forward
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