
(a)
Interpretation: In the given synthetic scheme, the structures of compounds B and C have to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
The given synthetic transformation scheme is shown here:
For any given transformation, the following mandatory observations have to be made clear to predict the synthetic scheme:
- Observe whether there is any change in the carbon skeleton.
- Observe whether there is any change in the location of the
functional group . - Predict the synthetic scheme in such a way that these two observations have to be achieved within the minimum chemo selective steps.
Tosylation reaction:
The alcohol is treated with any tosyl chloride (methane sulfonyl chloride) which yields tosylated product this reaction is called as alkyl tosylate and which is shown below,
Wittig reaction:
It is the conversion of a
General Scheme
(b)
Interpretation: The conversion C to D has to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
The given synthetic transformation scheme is shown here:
For any given transformation, the following mandatory observations have to be made clear to predict the synthetic scheme:
- Observe whether there is any change in the carbon skeleton.
- Observe whether there is any change in the location of the functional group.
- Predict the synthetic scheme in such a way that these two observations have to be achieved within the minimum chemo selective steps.
Tosylation reaction:
The alcohol is treated with any tosyl chloride (methane sulfonyl chloride) which yields tosylated product this reaction is called as alkyl tosylate and which is shown below,
Wittig reaction:
It is the conversion of a ketone or an aldehyde into alkene using the ylide of phosphorus.
General Scheme
Gillman’s reagent:
It is the organometallic reagent that will be widely used to alkylate
It is represented as
(c)
Interpretation:
- The reagents used to convert D into F have to be identified.
- The structure of E has to be found.
Concept Introduction:
The given synthetic transformation scheme is shown here:
For any given transformation, the following mandatory observations have to be made clear to predict the synthetic scheme:
- Observe whether there is any change in the carbon skeleton.
- Observe whether there is any change in the location of the functional group.
- Predict the synthetic scheme in such a way that these two observations have to be achieved within the minimum chemo selective steps.
Tosylation reaction:
The alcohol is treated with any tosyl chloride (methane sulfonyl chloride) which yields tosylated product this reaction is called as alkyl tosylate and which is shown below,
Wittig reaction:
It is the conversion of a ketone or an aldehyde into alkene using the ylide of phosphorus.
General Scheme
Gillman’s reagent:
It is the organometallic reagent that will be widely used to alkylate
It is represented as
Reduction with Lithium Aluminum hydride
Lithium Aluminum hydride reduces aldehydes, ketones and esters into alcohol.
Conversion of ketone into alcohol:
Conversion of aldehyde into alcohol:
Conversion of ester into alcohol:
Reaction of alcohol with acetic anhydride:
Alcohols react with acetic anhydride to give ester.
General scheme:

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Chapter 21 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
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