Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337671729
Author: SERWAY
Publisher: Cengage
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Chapter 21, Problem 10P

(a)

To determine

To show: The work that a pump is supplied to run the refrigerator is given by W=(Th-TcTc)|Qc| .

(b)

To determine

To show: The Coefficient of Performance (COP) of ideal refrigerator is COP=(TcTh-Tc) .

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An ideal refrigerator or ideal heat pump is equivalent to a Carnot engine running in reverse. That is, energy |Q] is taken in from a cold reservoir and energy |Q,| is rejected to a hot reservoir. (a) Show that the work that must be sup- plied to run the refrigerator or heat pump is Т, — т. - W = T. (b) Show that the coefficient of performance (COP) of the ideal refrigerator is T. СОР T- T.
It has been proposed to use the thermal gradient of the ocean to drive a heat engine. Suppose that at a certain location the water temperature is 22° C at the ocean surface and 40 C at the ocean floor. (a)     What is the maximum possible efficiency of an engine operating between these two temperatures? (b)     If the engine is to produce 1 GW of electrical power, what minimum volume of water must be processed (to suck out the heat) in every second?
A power plant has been proposed that would make use of the temperature gradient in the ocean. The system is to operate between 20.0°C (surface water temperature) and 5.00°C (water temperature at a depth of about 1 km). (a) What is the maximum efficiency of such a system? (b) If the useful power output of the plant is 75.0 MW, how much energy is absorbed per hour? (c) In view of your answer to part (a), do you think such a system is worthwhile (considering that there is no charge for fuel)?

Chapter 21 Solutions

Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics

Ch. 21 - A freezer has a coefficient of performance of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 6PCh. 21 - One of the most efficient heat engines ever built...Ch. 21 - Prob. 8PCh. 21 - If a 35.0% -efficient Carnot heat engine (Fig....Ch. 21 - Prob. 10PCh. 21 - Prob. 11PCh. 21 - A power plant operates at a 32.0% efficiency...Ch. 21 - You are working on a summer job at a company that...Ch. 21 - Prob. 14PCh. 21 - Prob. 15PCh. 21 - Suppose you build a two-engine device with the...Ch. 21 - A heat pump used for heating shown in Figure...Ch. 21 - Prob. 18PCh. 21 - An idealized diesel engine operates in a cycle...Ch. 21 - Prob. 20PCh. 21 - Prob. 21PCh. 21 - A Styrofoam cup holding 125 g of hot water at 100C...Ch. 21 - A 1 500-kg car is moving at 20.0 m/s. The driver...Ch. 21 - A 2.00-L container has a center partition that...Ch. 21 - Calculate the change in entropy of 250 g of water...Ch. 21 - What change in entropy occurs when a 27.9-g ice...Ch. 21 - Prob. 27PCh. 21 - Prob. 28PCh. 21 - Prob. 29PCh. 21 - Prob. 30APCh. 21 - Prob. 31APCh. 21 - In 1993, the U.S. government instituted a...Ch. 21 - In 1816, Robert Stirling, a Scottish clergyman,...Ch. 21 - Prob. 34APCh. 21 - Prob. 35APCh. 21 - Prob. 36APCh. 21 - A 1.00-mol sample of an ideal monatomic gas is...Ch. 21 - Prob. 38APCh. 21 - A heat engine operates between two reservoirs at...Ch. 21 - You are working as an assistant to a physics...Ch. 21 - Prob. 41APCh. 21 - You are working as an expert witness for an...Ch. 21 - Prob. 43APCh. 21 - Prob. 44APCh. 21 - A sample of an ideal gas expands isothermally,...Ch. 21 - Prob. 46APCh. 21 - The compression ratio of an Otto cycle as shown in...
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