EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS
2nd Edition
ISBN: 8220101459299
Author: Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 20.5, Problem 3CC
Summary Introduction
To draw:
The three possible dichotomously branching trees showing evolutionary relationships for the domains Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Also to discuss whether when two of these trees have been supported by genetic data, would it be likely that the third tree might also receive such support.
Introduction:
The phylogenetic tree is also known as the evolutionary tree. It is a branched diagram for evolutionary relationships among species based on their genetic and physical characteristics.
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1. Which of the phylogenetic trees in the Figure is the most accurate? Explain your answer. Note: the mitochondria and chloroplasts are from maize, but they are treated as independent “organisms” for the purposes of this question.
a. Tree (a)
b. Tree (b)
c. Tree (c)
d. Tree (d)
e. Tree (e)
Hello! Can you please explain why C is correct?
Q. Based on these results, what is the most likely explanation for the different phylogenetic and functional clustering for Microorganisms B? What evolutionary mechanisms does this example depict? Explain your answer.
Chapter 20 Solutions
EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS
Ch. 20.1 - Which levels of the classification in Figure 20.3...Ch. 20.1 - Which of the trees shown here depicts an...Ch. 20.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 20.2 - Decide whether each of the following pairs of...Ch. 20.2 - WHAT IF? Suppose that two species, A and B, have...Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 20.3 - The most parsimonious tree of evolutionary...Ch. 20.3 - WHAT IF? Draw a phylogenetic tree that includes...Ch. 20.4 - What is a molecular clock? What assumption...Ch. 20.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Review Concept 14.5. Then...
Ch. 20.4 - WHAT IF? Suppose a molecular clock dates the...Ch. 20.5 - Why is the kingdom Monera no longer considered a...Ch. 20.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 20.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 20 - In a comparison of birds and mammals, the...Ch. 20 - To apply parsimony to constructing a phylogenetic...Ch. 20 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 20 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 20 - If you were using cladistics to build a...Ch. 20 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 20 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY DRAW IT (a) Draw a phylogenetic...Ch. 20 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION Darwin suggested looking at a...Ch. 20 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 20 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This West Indian manatee...
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- WHAT IF? As a cell begins the process of dividing, itschromosomes become shorter, thicker, and individuallyvisible in an LM (light micrograph). Explain what is happening at the molecular level.arrow_forwardPlease create a phylogenetic (evolutionary) tree given this criteria and follow all points! There are three domains of life - Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Start by drawing these three main branches. Then add branches for plants, animals, fungi, and protists. When adding all these branches, don't just add them randomly. The branching pattern reflects evolutionary relationships. You should use the relationships/branching patterns. Then add additional branches for • three species of bacteria • three species of archaea three species of plants three species of animals • three species of fungi • three species of protists (single-celled eukaryotes) You can pick any species you want. For each species, be sure to add 1 synapomorphy (shared derived character) that defines the species or group. • Finally, label the tree with all the terms (parts of a tree, not phylogenetic groups) when describing a phylogenetic tree.arrow_forwardEvolution question...I'm confused between B and C.arrow_forward
- What poses a problem to to studying the phylogenetic relationships between bacteria? O The genomes of bacteria are too small to O O study easily with phylogenetics. Lateral gene transfer makes distantly related bacteria look closely related The phylogenies are mismatched due to conjugation if only one gene is studied "Bacteria reproduce by binary fission, so inheritance and evolution are different than eukaryotes." "B,C"arrow_forwardAll of the following statements are true about the3-domain classification system EXCEPT:(a) The three domains are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.(b) Lateral gene transfer has forced us to rethink our do-main model from a “tree of life” to a “shrub of life.”(c) Domains are higher than the category of kingdoms.(d) Compared to Bacteria, Archaea inhabit the same en-virons and have the same amount of peptidoglycan intheir cell walls.(e) All of the above are true.arrow_forwardQ The outer layer of the cell walls of yeast often contains polysaccharides called mannans. The precise composition and branching patterns of mannan polysaccharides is different for each yeast species. How could this fact be used to identify different yeasts? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
- Please answer fast. Explanation neededarrow_forwardThe universal phylogenetic tree of life shows the divergence of Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Studies of Lokiarchaeota help to elucidate these relationships, but the first universal tree of life was constructed by Carl Woese using ribosomal RNA sequences. There are advantages to using different types of nucleic acid for different types of analyses. What is a specific advantage of using small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene sequences for phylogenetic analysis compared with DNA sequences? ▸ View Available Hint(s) SSU rRNA sequences accumulate mutations more rapidly than protein-encoding DNA. SSU rRNA is frequently transferred through horizontal gene transfer, whereas DNA sequences are not. Primers are required in DNA sequence analysis, but not for SSU rRNA sequence analysis. Although PCR products can be visualized with SSU rRNA, this is not the case with other forms of nucleic acids. DNA sequences are too highly conserved to work well for sequence analysis; individual species are…arrow_forwardGraphical question on biologyarrow_forward
- Fill in the Blanks. What are the correct answers?arrow_forwardAsaparrow_forward5. Six species of bacteria are arranged in a phylogenetic tree. Within which pair of species should you see the greatest number of nucleotide differences in their rRNA subunits?: * (A) 1 and 2 (B) 3 and 4 O(C) 3 and 5 (D) 3 and 6 1 2 6arrow_forward
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