Chapter 20.2, Problem 3MI

Summary Introduction

To write: 

The correct vocabulary term to each definition.

Introduction:

Fungi are multicellular, eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms. They have cell walls in their cells like plants but the cells are devoid of chloroplasts and cell wall is made of chitin. Their bodies are called mycelium. Mycelium formed from thread like inter-woven filaments called hyphae. Fungi and moulds includes the true slime moulds (Myxomycetes), the lower fungi (Phycomycetes) and the higher fungi (ascomycetes or sac fungi and basidiomycetses or club fungi).

Answer to Problem 3MI

The correct vocabulary term for the definition is given below:

Term	Definition
Stolons	In molds, hyphae that spread across the surface of food.
Rhizoids	In molds, hyphae that penetrate food and absorb nutrients.
Gametangium	A mold reproductive structure that contains a haploid nucleus.
Conidiophores	In sac fungi, hyphae that produce spores on their tips for asexual reproduction.
Ascocarp	In sac fungi, a reproductive structure where a zygote forms during sexual reproduction.
Ascus	In sac fungi, a saclike structure where spores develop during sexual reproduction.
Ascospores	Spores produced by the ascus in sac fungi.
Basidiocarp	Fruiting body of club fungi.
Basidia	Club-shaped hyphae that produce spores in club fungi.

Explanation of Solution

Members of ascomycetes are also called as sac fungi. They reproduce asexually by conidiospores. The sexual spores are called ascospores formed in the fruiting body called ascocarp which contains ascus. Members of basidiomycetes are also called club fungi. Asexual reproduction occurs by conidia, budding or fragmentation and they reproduce sexually by formation of basidiospores in the basidia which are present in the fruiting body called basidiocarp.