Concept explainers
Videos
A.
To explain: The model which accounts more readily for the features of the highly rearranged chromosomes.
Concept introduction: Chromosomal aberrations are changes in the normal structure of chromosome by addition, deletion, inversion and translocation. Chromosomal aberrations results in change in the gene order and inactivation of genes. If the genes involved in cell cycle are inactivated then cell cycle errors occurs which leads to cancer cells. There are two models regarding rearrangement of chromosomes which are studied that account for 2 to 3 % of all cancers which includes: Progressive Rearrangements Model (PRM) and Chromosome Catastrophe Model (CCM). Progressive Rearrangements model is where continuous chromosomal aberrations take place and several genes are rearranged. Chromosome Catastrophe Model is where the chromosome gets broken into several fragments and then stitched back together by Non Homologous End Joining (NHEJ).
B.
To explain: The way in which multiple chromosomal rearrangements arise.
Concept introduction: Chromosomal aberrations are changes in the normal structure of chromosome by addition, deletion, inversion and translocation. Chromosomal aberrations results in change in the gene order and inactivation of genes. If the genes involved in cell cycle are inactivated then cell cycle errors occurs which leads to cancer cells. There are two models regarding rearrangement of chromosomes which are studied that account for 2 to 3 % of all cancers which includes: Progressive Rearrangements Model (PRM) and Chromosome Catastrophe Model (CCM).
C.
To explain: The arrangements are likely causative agents of cancers in which they have found or the rearrangements are just passenger events that are unrelated to cancer.
Concept introduction: Chromosomal aberrations are changes in the normal structure of chromosome by addition, deletion, inversion and translocation. Chromosomal aberrations results in change in the gene order and inactivation of genes. If the genes involved in cell cycle are inactivated then cell cycle errors occurs which leads to cancer cells. There are two models regarding rearrangement of chromosomes which are studied that account for 2 to 3 % of all cancers which includes: Progressive Rearrangements Model (PRM) and Chromosome Catastrophe Model (CCM).
To explain: The way in which chromosome rearrangements activate an oncogene or inactivate tumor suppressor gene.
Concept introduction: Chromosomal aberrations are changes in the normal structure of chromosome by addition, deletion, inversion and translocation. Chromosomal aberrations results in change in the gene order and inactivation of genes. If the genes involved in cell cycle are inactivated then cell cycle errors occurs which leads to cancer cells. There are two models regarding rearrangement of chromosomes which are studied that account for 2 to 3 % of all cancers which includes: Progressive Rearrangements Model (PRM) and Chromosome Catastrophe Model (CCM).
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Chapter 20 Solutions
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL (LL)
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