To examine: Whether the statement “The chemical carcinogen dimethybenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) must be an extraordinarily specific mutagen since 90% of the skin tumors it causes have an A-to-T alteration at exactly the same site in the mutant Ras gene” is true or false. Concept introduction: Mutagens are agents which cause mutation in the gene which results in truncated protein. Ras is an oncogene, which is normally a part of MAP kinase pathway involved in cell cycle. Ras controls cell growth and survival. Skin tumors or melanoma is the abnormal proliferation of epithelial cells of the skin. 7, 12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) is a powerful mutagen and immunosuppressor.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 20, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “The chemical carcinogen dimethybenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) must be an extraordinarily specific mutagen since 90% of the skin tumors it causes have an A-to-T alteration at exactly the same site in the mutant Ras gene” is true or false.

Concept introduction: Mutagens are agents which cause mutation in the gene which results in truncated protein. Ras is an oncogene, which is normally a part of MAP kinase pathway involved in cell cycle. Ras controls cell growth and survival. Skin tumors or melanoma is the abnormal proliferation of epithelial cells of the skin. 7, 12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) is a powerful mutagen and immunosuppressor.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer: The statement is false.

Explanation of Solution

DMBA is a non-specific carcinogen and causes transversion mutation that is, a purine changed to pyrimidine all over the genome. The purine to pyrimidine transversion mutation in Ras causes a change from Adenine (A) to Thymine (T). Ras is a proto-oncogene. Ras gets the gain of function mutation where a transition from A to T occur which results in Ras turning into an oncogene.

Conclusion

DMBA is thus not an extraordinarily specific carcinogen. Its transversion mutation causes Ras to turn it into an oncogene from proto-oncogene. Hence, the statement is false.

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Alleles at the P locus control seed color. Plants which are pp have white seeds, white flowers and no pigment in vegetative parts. Plants which are P_ have black seeds, purple flowers and may have varying degrees of pigment on stems and leaves. Seed color can be assessed, visually, based on if the seed is white or not white A gene for mold resistance has been reported and we want to determine its inheritance and whether it is linked to P. For the purposes of this exercise, we will assume that resistance is controlled by a single locus M, and M_ plants are resistant and mm plants are susceptible. Resistance can be measured, under greenhouse conditions, 2 weeks after planting, by injecting each seedling with a spore suspension. After two weeks, the seedlings can be rated as resistant or susceptible, based on whether or not tissue is actively sporulating. For this exercise we will use seed and data from the F10 generation of a recombinant inbred population produced using single seed…

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 20, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “The chemical carcinogen dimethybenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) must be an extraordinarily specific mutagen since 90% of the skin tumors it causes have an A-to-T alteration at exactly the same site in the mutant Ras gene” is true or false.

Concept introduction: Mutagens are agents which cause mutation in the gene which results in truncated protein. Ras is an oncogene, which is normally a part of MAP kinase pathway involved in cell cycle. Ras controls cell growth and survival. Skin tumors or melanoma is the abnormal proliferation of epithelial cells of the skin. 7, 12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) is a powerful mutagen and immunosuppressor.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer: The statement is false.

Explanation of Solution

DMBA is a non-specific carcinogen and causes transversion mutation that is, a purine changed to pyrimidine all over the genome. The purine to pyrimidine transversion mutation in Ras causes a change from Adenine (A) to Thymine (T). Ras is a proto-oncogene. Ras gets the gain of function mutation where a transition from A to T occur which results in Ras turning into an oncogene.

Conclusion

DMBA is thus not an extraordinarily specific carcinogen. Its transversion mutation causes Ras to turn it into an oncogene from proto-oncogene. Hence, the statement is false.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 20, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “The chemical carcinogen dimethybenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) must be an extraordinarily specific mutagen since 90% of the skin tumors it causes have an A-to-T alteration at exactly the same site in the mutant Ras gene” is true or false.

Concept introduction: Mutagens are agents which cause mutation in the gene which results in truncated protein. Ras is an oncogene, which is normally a part of MAP kinase pathway involved in cell cycle. Ras controls cell growth and survival. Skin tumors or melanoma is the abnormal proliferation of epithelial cells of the skin. 7, 12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) is a powerful mutagen and immunosuppressor.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer: The statement is false.

Explanation of Solution

DMBA is a non-specific carcinogen and causes transversion mutation that is, a purine changed to pyrimidine all over the genome. The purine to pyrimidine transversion mutation in Ras causes a change from Adenine (A) to Thymine (T). Ras is a proto-oncogene. Ras gets the gain of function mutation where a transition from A to T occur which results in Ras turning into an oncogene.

Conclusion

DMBA is thus not an extraordinarily specific carcinogen. Its transversion mutation causes Ras to turn it into an oncogene from proto-oncogene. Hence, the statement is false.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 20, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “The chemical carcinogen dimethybenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) must be an extraordinarily specific mutagen since 90% of the skin tumors it causes have an A-to-T alteration at exactly the same site in the mutant Ras gene” is true or false.

Concept introduction: Mutagens are agents which cause mutation in the gene which results in truncated protein. Ras is an oncogene, which is normally a part of MAP kinase pathway involved in cell cycle. Ras controls cell growth and survival. Skin tumors or melanoma is the abnormal proliferation of epithelial cells of the skin. 7, 12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) is a powerful mutagen and immunosuppressor.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer: The statement is false.

Explanation of Solution

DMBA is a non-specific carcinogen and causes transversion mutation that is, a purine changed to pyrimidine all over the genome. The purine to pyrimidine transversion mutation in Ras causes a change from Adenine (A) to Thymine (T). Ras is a proto-oncogene. Ras gets the gain of function mutation where a transition from A to T occur which results in Ras turning into an oncogene.

Conclusion

DMBA is thus not an extraordinarily specific carcinogen. Its transversion mutation causes Ras to turn it into an oncogene from proto-oncogene. Hence, the statement is false.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 20, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “The chemical carcinogen dimethybenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) must be an extraordinarily specific mutagen since 90% of the skin tumors it causes have an A-to-T alteration at exactly the same site in the mutant Ras gene” is true or false.

Concept introduction: Mutagens are agents which cause mutation in the gene which results in truncated protein. Ras is an oncogene, which is normally a part of MAP kinase pathway involved in cell cycle. Ras controls cell growth and survival. Skin tumors or melanoma is the abnormal proliferation of epithelial cells of the skin. 7, 12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) is a powerful mutagen and immunosuppressor.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer: The statement is false.

Explanation of Solution

DMBA is a non-specific carcinogen and causes transversion mutation that is, a purine changed to pyrimidine all over the genome. The purine to pyrimidine transversion mutation in Ras causes a change from Adenine (A) to Thymine (T). Ras is a proto-oncogene. Ras gets the gain of function mutation where a transition from A to T occur which results in Ras turning into an oncogene.

Conclusion

DMBA is thus not an extraordinarily specific carcinogen. Its transversion mutation causes Ras to turn it into an oncogene from proto-oncogene. Hence, the statement is false.

Answer 6

Chapter 20, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “The chemical carcinogen dimethybenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) must be an extraordinarily specific mutagen since 90% of the skin tumors it causes have an A-to-T alteration at exactly the same site in the mutant Ras gene” is true or false.

Concept introduction: Mutagens are agents which cause mutation in the gene which results in truncated protein. Ras is an oncogene, which is normally a part of MAP kinase pathway involved in cell cycle. Ras controls cell growth and survival. Skin tumors or melanoma is the abnormal proliferation of epithelial cells of the skin. 7, 12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) is a powerful mutagen and immunosuppressor.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer: The statement is false.

Explanation of Solution

DMBA is a non-specific carcinogen and causes transversion mutation that is, a purine changed to pyrimidine all over the genome. The purine to pyrimidine transversion mutation in Ras causes a change from Adenine (A) to Thymine (T). Ras is a proto-oncogene. Ras gets the gain of function mutation where a transition from A to T occur which results in Ras turning into an oncogene.

Conclusion

DMBA is thus not an extraordinarily specific carcinogen. Its transversion mutation causes Ras to turn it into an oncogene from proto-oncogene. Hence, the statement is false.

Answer 7

Chapter 20, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “The chemical carcinogen dimethybenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) must be an extraordinarily specific mutagen since 90% of the skin tumors it causes have an A-to-T alteration at exactly the same site in the mutant Ras gene” is true or false.

Concept introduction: Mutagens are agents which cause mutation in the gene which results in truncated protein. Ras is an oncogene, which is normally a part of MAP kinase pathway involved in cell cycle. Ras controls cell growth and survival. Skin tumors or melanoma is the abnormal proliferation of epithelial cells of the skin. 7, 12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) is a powerful mutagen and immunosuppressor.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer: The statement is false.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Explanation of Solution

DMBA is a non-specific carcinogen and causes transversion mutation that is, a purine changed to pyrimidine all over the genome. The purine to pyrimidine transversion mutation in Ras causes a change from Adenine (A) to Thymine (T). Ras is a proto-oncogene. Ras gets the gain of function mutation where a transition from A to T occur which results in Ras turning into an oncogene.

Answer 12

Conclusion

DMBA is thus not an extraordinarily specific carcinogen. Its transversion mutation causes Ras to turn it into an oncogene from proto-oncogene. Hence, the statement is false.

Answer 13

Ch. 20 - Prob. 1P Ch. 20 - Prob. 2P Ch. 20 - Prob. 3P Ch. 20 - Prob. 4P Ch. 20 - Prob. 5P Ch. 20 - Prob. 6P Ch. 20 - Prob. 7P Ch. 20 - Prob. 8P Ch. 20 - Prob. 9P Ch. 20 - Prob. 10P

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Answer to Problem 1P

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