MICROBIOLOGY-ACCESS >CUSTOM<
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780135668825
Author: Tortora
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 20, Problem 6MCQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Though protein synthesis is done by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, they differ in the structure of ribosome. The prokaryotic cells have 70S ribosomes, whereas the eukaryotic cells contain 80S ribosomes. The mitochondrial ribosome in the eukaryotic cells possess 70S ribosomes similar to the bacterial cells.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
1)You add a drug to cells that can pass through hydrophilic or hydrobic environments (e.g., membranes & cytosol). The drug specifically prevents the binding of KDEL (ER retention signal) to any other molecules. In the short term, what would happen to the synthesis and localization of translocon proteins?
a. New complete translocon proteins would be made, but they would end up in the golgi apparatus.
b. New complete translocon proteins would be made, but they would end up at the plasma membrane
c. No new intact translocon proteins would be synthesized
d. New complete translocon proteins would be made, but they would be secreted
e. New complete translocon proteins would be made and localized normally
The structure of a prodrug used for treating people with HIV virus (human immunodeficiency virus) and AIDS is shown below. This molecule is a precursor of a protease inhibitor that competitively inhibits HIV protease due to its resemblance to the proteolytic site of the enzyme. Which process in the viral life cycle does this inhibitor target directly ?
Group of answer choices
a. viral protein processing for making new viruses
b. viral mRNA synthesis
c. viral DNA integration into the host cell DNA
d. viral DNA synthesis
A newly synthesized drug is able to inhibit growth of pathogens by inhibiting a
genetic process of the prokaryote without affecting those of the host cells.
Which of the following is most likely NOT a possible mechanism of action of this
drug?
A. Inhibition of the formylation of methionyl-t-RNA
B. Binding of the 50S with the 30S subunit
C. Binding of RNA polymerase
the promoter region of a gene
D. Binding of MRNA to the 30S subunit of the ribosomes
E. Binding of the drug to the 70S ribosome, preventing translocation of tRNAs.
Chapter 20 Solutions
MICROBIOLOGY-ACCESS >CUSTOM<
Ch. 20 - DRAW IT Show where the following antibiotics work:...Ch. 20 - List and explain five criteria used to identify an...Ch. 20 - What similar problems are encountered with...Ch. 20 - Define drug resistance. How is it produced? What...Ch. 20 - List the advantages of using two chemotherapeutic...Ch. 20 - Why does a cell die from the following...Ch. 20 - How does each of the following inhibit...Ch. 20 - The OH is missing from carbon 39 in ddI. How does...Ch. 20 - Compare the method of action of the following...Ch. 20 - NAME IT This microorganism is not susceptible to...
Ch. 20 - Which of the following pairs is mismatched? a....Ch. 20 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 20 - An antimicrobial agent should meet all of the...Ch. 20 - The most selective antimicrobial activity would be...Ch. 20 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 20 - Which of the following will not affect eukaryotic...Ch. 20 - Cell membrane damage causes death because a. the...Ch. 20 - A drug that intercalates into DNA has the...Ch. 20 - Chloramphenicol binds to the 50S portion of a...Ch. 20 - Prob. 1ACh. 20 - Why is idoxuridine effective if host cells also...Ch. 20 - Some bacteria become resistant to tetracycline...Ch. 20 - The following data were obtained from a...Ch. 20 - Prob. 5ACh. 20 - The following results were obtained from a broth...Ch. 20 - Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis was...Ch. 20 - Prob. 2CAECh. 20 - Prob. 3CAE
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following is true of ribosome rescue? (C & E wrong) A. The process produces a protein that is tagged for degradation. B. Proteases enter the A-site of the ribosome to degrade the C-terminus of the synthesized peptide. C. A partially translated mRNA becomes fully degraded before it can be translated further. D. No protein is produced in the process. E. Stalled ribosomes are released in the absence of a stop codon.arrow_forwardRetroviruses such as HIV, Herpesviruses, and Hepatitis B can be effectively inhibited by _____. Mark all that apply: A. inhibition of cell wall synthesis B. inhibition of ergosterol C. disruption of the ETS in infected cells D. nucleoside analogs such as acyclovirarrow_forwardA man was brought to the hospital showing "pneumonia"-like symptoms. They took the viral load and determined this to be the new RNA retrovirus infecting lung cells. Since antibodies were unavailable, doctors decided to treat him with drugs. Which of the following would most benefit the patient? A. Drug A is an inhibitor of the binding of 4OS with 60S ribosome of the lung cells. B. Drug B is a structural analogue of the viral peptide that binds to the receptor of the host cell enabling viral entry into the cell. C. Drug C is a polar molecule that inhibits the lytic enzymes activated upon viral infection. D. Drug D is an inducer of a proteolytic enzyme. E. Drug E is a steroid that binds at the regulatory site of a gene causing the synthesis of a repressor that binds at the gene site for the receptor.arrow_forward
- All of the following regarding ribosomes are true EXCEPT: A. Ribosomes are comprised of protein and RNA. B. Ribosomes coordinate with initiation and elongation factors to regulate translation. C. Ribosomes bind transcripts in their promoters. D. Prokaryotic ribosomes are comprised of a large and a small subunit. E. Ribosomes in eukaryotic cells bind to complete transcripts.arrow_forwardWhich of the following drugs inhibits protein synthesis through binding to ribosomal 30S subunit: O a. Linezolid O b. Amikacin O c. Ciprofloxacin O d. Azithromycinarrow_forwardPoliovirus contains a protein that possesses an NLS. A drug is developed that binds and hides this sequence on the viral protein. What happens to this viral protein, in the presence of the drug? Select all that are true. a. The viral protein is now found in the cytoplasm O b. The viral protein is found in the endomembrane system Oc. The viral protein is secreted O d. The viral protein is found in the ER O e. The viral protein can now enter the nucleusarrow_forward
- charge Some bacterial pathogenic strains have the ability to evade the action of antibiotics. How? What could be some of the possible ways? molecu does. https://ma Турes (Select those that apply) Select one or more: People a. Bacteria is always susceptible to antibiotics and are always killed by antibiotics! Can water b. Bacteria can regulate its gene expression to produce an impermeable lipid membrane to evade antibiotics." Does a cov c. Bacteria produces a special reverse transcriptase that aids bacteria to evade Is water a n antibiotic stress. What would d. Bacteria can produce enzymes that can chemically deactivate some antibiotics. e. Bacteria can regulate its gene expression to activate certain efflux pumps to evade V antibiotics. https://sciencing What Happ Mar 13, 2018 - These molecules ( Previous page Next page https://bio.libretext 2.2A: Water's 742 MacBook Pro Q esc ! @ # $ % & 1 2 3 4 Q W E R Y tab A S D F G caps lock COarrow_forwardSynthesis of new molecules of deoxyribonucleic acid is the process of A. replication B. translation C. transcription D. ossification E. cytokinesisarrow_forwardt-RNA brings A. Amino acids at the site of protein synthesis on ribosomes B. r-RNA to ribosomes C. m-RNA out of nucleusarrow_forward
- Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of the antibiotic streptomycin? A. it disrupts protein synthesis in resistant bacteria. B. Streptomycin inhibits cell wall synthesis in all bacterial species. C. Streptomycin creates mutations in bacteria which cause them to become resistant. D. It disrupts protein synthesis in nonresistant bacteria.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a method by which bacteria can be resistant to antibiotics? Select one: a. Utilise an alternate pathway of gene expression that is not targeted by the antibiotic. b. Alter the binding site of the antibiotic, to either prevent it binding, or remove it from the site. c. Production of enzymes that bind to and break down the specific antibiotic. d. Production of a cell membrane pump that translocates antibiotics outside the cell. A potential side effect of antibiotic use is a secondary bacterial or fungal infection, usually associated with regions like the skin, upper-respiratory tract or genitalia. What is the most likely reason for the formation of these secondary infections? Select one: a. Antibiotics do not work on viruses, so they are able to establish infections in these locations. b. Organisms that are antibiotic resistant are usually more virulent, meaning they can survive and cause infection. c. The antibiotic kills off normal flora, providing an…arrow_forwardWhich of the following BEST describes the characteristics and function of siRNA? A. a short strand of RNA that can complement and inactivate a sequence of mRNA B. a short strand of RNA that can act as a transcription factor to initiate transcription C. a strand of DNA that can bind to and inactivate an mRNA sequence D. a tRNA that is not able to attach to a ribosome and therefore inhibits the process of translationarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax