1.
Variable Costing
Variable costing is the method that is used by the management (managers) for decision making purposes. The cost of goods manufactured includes direct materials, direct labor, and variable factory
Contribution Margin
Contribution margin is the excess of manufacturing margin above selling and administrative expenses. Contribution margin is calculated by deducting the variable cost from sales or deducting variable selling and administrative expenses from manufacturing margin.
To Determine: The income statement according to the variable costing concept of the Company V for the year ended June 30, 20Y9.
2.
The amount by which total annual income from operations would be reduced below its presented level if the proposal 2 is accepted.
3.
To prepare: An income statement in the variable costing format, and indicating the projected annual income from operations if Proposal 3 is accepted.
4.
The value of total annual income increase above its present level if Proposal 3 is accepted.
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Financial & Managerial Accounting
- Variable costing income statement and effect on income of change in operations Kimbrell Inc. manufactures three sizes of utility tablessmall (S), medium (M), and large (L). The income statement has consistently indicated a net loss for the M size, and management is considering three proposals: (1) continue Size M, (2) discontinue Size M and reduce total output accordingly, or (3) discontinue Size M and conduct an advertising campaign to expand the sales of Size S so that the entire plant capacity can continue to be used. If Proposal 2 is selected and Size M is discontinued and production curtailed, the annual fixed production costs and fixed operating expenses could be reduced by 142,500 and 28,350, respectively. If Proposal 3 is selected, it is anticipated that an additional annual expenditure of 85,050 for the salary of an assistant brand manager (classified as a fixed operating expense) would yield an additional 130% in Size S sales volume. It is also assumed that the increased production of Size S would utilize the plant facilities released by the discontinuance of Size M. The sales and costs have been relatively stable over the past few years, and they are expected to remain so for the foreseeable future. The income statement for the past year ended December 31, 20Y8, is as follows: Instructions 1. Prepare an income statement for the past year in the variable costing format. Use the following headings: Data for each size should be reported through contribution margin. The fixed costs should be deducted from the total contribution margin, as reported in the Total column, to determine operating income. 2. Based on the income statement prepared in (1) and the other data presented above, determine the amount by which total annual operating income would be reduced below its present level if Proposal 2 is accepted. 3. Prepare an income statement in the variable costing format, indicating the projected annual operating income if Proposal 3 is accepted. Use the following headings: Data for each style should be reported through contribution margin. The fixed costs should be deducted from the total contribution margin as reported in the Total column. For purposes of this problem, the additional expenditure of 85,050 for the assistant brand managers salary can be added to the fixed operating expenses. 4. By how much would total annual operating income increase above its present level if Proposal 3 is accepted? Explain.arrow_forwardChange in Sales Mix and Contribution Margin Head Pops Inc. manufactures two models of solar-powered, noise-canceling headphones: Sun Sound and Ear Bling models. The company is operating at less than full capacity. Market research indicates that 32,100 additional Sun Sound and 35,600 additional Ear Bling headphones could be sold. The operating income by unit of product is as follows: Sales price Variable cost of goods sold Manufacturing margin Variable selling and administrative expenses Contribution margin Fixed manufacturing costs Operating income Sun Sound Ear Bling Headphones Headphones $30.80 $48.00 (17.20) (26.90) $13.60 $21.10 (6.20) (9.60) $7.40 $11.50 (2.80) (4.30) $4.60 $7.20 Prepare an analysis indicating the increase or decrease in total profitability if 32,100 additional Sun Sound and 35,600 additional Ear Bling headphones are produced and sold, assuming that there is sufficient capacity for the additional production. Round your per unit answers to two decimal place. Head…arrow_forwardAssume that a company uses the absorption costing approach to cost-plus pricing. It is considering the introduction of a new product. To determine a selling price, the company has gathered the following information: Number of units to be produced and sold each year Unit product cost Estimated annual selling and administrative expenses Estimated investment required by the company Desired return on investment (ROI) What is the markup percentage on absorption cost required to achieve the desired ROI? 15,000 30 $ $81,900 $780,000 12%arrow_forward
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