Chapter 20, Problem 20.35QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, abbreviated forms should be written.

Concept Introduction:

• Nuclear reaction can be written in the shorthand notation with the parentheses. Bombarding particle, that is projectile can be represented as first symbol in the parentheses and the emitted particle that is ejectile which can be represented as the second particle in the parentheses.

Parent nucleus and daughter nucleus can be represented in the front part of the parentheses and back part of the parentheses respectively.

$\begin{array}{l}{}_7{N}^{15}\left(p,\alpha \right){}_6{C}^{12}\\ Parentnucleus\left(Projectile,ejectile\right)Daughternucleus\end{array}$

To write: The abbreviated form of the given all nuclear reactions

Answer to Problem 20.35QP

${}^{14}N\left(\alpha ,p\right){}^{17}O$

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

Nuclear reaction can be written in the shorthand notation with the parentheses. Bombarding particle, that is projectile can be represented as first symbol in the parentheses and the emitted particle that is ejectile which can be represented as the second particle in the parentheses. Parent nucleus and daughter nucleus can be represented in the front part of the parentheses and back part of the parentheses respectively. So for the nuclear reaction, short hand notation will be in this form that is,

$Parentnucleus\left(Projectile,ejectile\right)Daughternucleus$

For the given nuclear reaction a,

${}_7^{14}\text{N+}{}_{\text{2}}^{\text{4}}\text{α}\to {}_8^{17}O\text{+}{}_1^{1}p$

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Parent}\text{nucleus}\text{-}{}_{\text{7}}^{\text{14}}\text{N}\\ \text{Projectile}\text{-}{}_{\text{2}}^{\text{4}}\text{α}\\ \text{Daughter}\text{nucleus-}{}_{\text{8}}^{\text{17}}\text{O}\\ \text{Ejectile}\text{-}{}_{\text{1}}^{\text{1}}\text{p}\\ \end{array}$

So, the shorthand notation for the given reaction is,

${}^{14}N\left(\alpha ,p\right){}^{17}O$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, abbreviated forms should be written.

Concept Introduction:

• Nuclear reaction can be written in the shorthand notation with the parentheses. Bombarding particle, that is projectile can be represented as first symbol in the parentheses and the emitted particle that is ejectile which can be represented as the second particle in the parentheses.

Parent nucleus and daughter nucleus can be represented in the front part of the parentheses and back part of the parentheses respectively.

$\begin{array}{l}{}_7{N}^{15}\left(p,\alpha \right){}_6{C}^{12}\\ Parentnucleus\left(Projectile,ejectile\right)Daughternucleus\end{array}$

To write: The abbreviated form of the given all nuclear reactions

Answer to Problem 20.35QP

${}^{9}Be\left(\alpha ,n\right){}^{12}C$

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

Nuclear reaction can be written in the shorthand notation with the parentheses. Bombarding particle, that is projectile can be represented as first symbol in the parentheses and the emitted particle that is ejectile which can be represented as the second particle in the parentheses. Parent nucleus and daughter nucleus can be represented in the front part of the parentheses and back part of the parentheses respectively. So for the nuclear reaction, short hand notation will be in this form that is,

$Parentnucleus\left(Projectile,ejectile\right)Daughternucleus$

For the given nuclear reaction b,

${}_{\text{4}}^{\text{9}}\text{Be}\text{+}{}_{\text{2}}^{\text{4}}\text{α}\to {}_{\text{6}}^{\text{12}}\text{C}\text{+}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}\text{n}$,

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Parent}\text{nucleus}\text{-}{}_{\text{4}}^{\text{9}}\text{Be}\\ \text{Projectile}\text{-}{}_{\text{2}}^{\text{4}}\text{α}\\ \text{Daughter}{\text{nucleus-}}_{\text{6}}{\text{C}}^{\text{12}}\\ \text{Ejectile}\text{-}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}\text{n}\end{array}$

So, the shorthand notation for the given reaction is,

${}^{9}Be\left(\alpha ,n\right){}^{12}C$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, abbreviated forms should be written.

Concept Introduction:

• Nuclear reaction can be written in the shorthand notation with the parentheses. Bombarding particle, that is projectile can be represented as first symbol in the parentheses and the emitted particle that is ejectile which can be represented as the second particle in the parentheses.

Parent nucleus and daughter nucleus can be represented in the front part of the parentheses and back part of the parentheses respectively.

$\begin{array}{l}{}_7{N}^{15}\left(p,\alpha \right){}_6{C}^{12}\\ Parentnucleus\left(Projectile,ejectile\right)Daughternucleus\end{array}$

To write: The abbreviated form of the given all nuclear reactions

Answer to Problem 20.35QP

${}^{238}U\left(d,2n\right){}^{238}Np$

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

Nuclear reaction can be written in the shorthand notation with the parentheses. Bombarding particle, that is projectile can be represented as first symbol in the parentheses and the emitted particle that is ejectile which can be represented as the second particle in the parentheses. Parent nucleus and daughter nucleus can be represented in the front part of the parentheses and back part of the parentheses respectively. So for the nuclear reaction, short hand notation will be in this form that is,

$Parentnucleus\left(Projectile,ejectile\right)Daughternucleus$

For the given nuclear reaction c,

${}_{\text{92}}^{\text{238}}\text{U}\text{+}{}_{\text{1}}^{\text{2}}\text{H}\to {}_{\text{93}}^{\text{238}}\text{Np}\text{+}\text{2}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}\text{n}$,

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Parent}\text{nucleus}{\text{- }}_{\text{92}}^{\text{238}}\text{U}\\ \text{Projectile}\text{-}{}_{\text{1}}^{\text{2}}\text{H}\\ \text{Daughter}{\text{nucleus-}}_{\text{93}}^{\text{238}}\text{Np}\\ \text{Ejectile}\text{-}\text{2}{}_{\text{0}}^{\text{1}}\text{n}\end{array}$

So, the shorthand notation for the given reaction is,

${}^{238}U\left(d,2n\right){}^{238}Np$