Hole's Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781259277368
Author: David N. Shier Dr., Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 20, Problem 1CA
Summary Introduction
Introduction: A sperm cell joins with a secondary oocyte and as a result a zygote is formed. This is followed by prenatal development. A new human being enters the world after 38 weeks of cell division, growth, and development of characteristic tissues and organs.
Expert Solution & Answer
Answer to Problem 1CA
Growth is an increase in the size of the individual, whereas development is the continuous process by which an individual changes from one life phase to another.
Explanation of Solution
Growth refers to a process of increasing in size and it involves an increase in the number of cells as a result of mitosis, followed by the enlargement of cells.
Development is a process by which an individual changes from one phase to another. It includes two life phase, namely prenatal (begins with fertilization and ends at birth) and postnatal (begins at birth and ends with death).
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19. On the diagram below
a. Label the three pictures as: DNA; polypeptide; or RNA.
b. Label the arrows as: translation or transcription/RNA processing.
c. Add the following details to the diagram.
Promoter region
TATA box
Transcription start site
Transcription terminator
Intron (A,B,C,D)
Exons (1,2,3,4,5)
Splice sites
5' cap
5' UTR (untranslated region)
3' poly A tail
3' UTR (untranslated region)
Translational start (AUG)
Translational stop (UGA, UAG, or UAA)
N and C ends of polypeptide
0000
Match the letter labels in the figure below to the terms. Some letter
labels are not used.
MNNNNNNIN
M
C
B
A
M
D
F
E
H
K
G
8
The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions.
1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction?
2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe:
a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why?
b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for?
3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale.
4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale.
Mutation 1
Mutation 2
Chapter 20 Solutions
Hole's Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 20.1 - Prob. 1LCh. 20.1 - Prob. 2LCh. 20.1 - Prob. 1PCh. 20.1 - Prob. 2PCh. 20.2 - Prob. 3LCh. 20.2 - Prob. 3PCh. 20.2 - Prob. 4PCh. 20.2 - Prob. 5PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 4LCh. 20.3 - Prob. 5L
Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 6LCh. 20.3 - Prob. 7LCh. 20.3 - Describe the major events of the fetal stage of...Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 9LCh. 20.3 - Prob. 10LCh. 20.3 - Prob. 11LCh. 20.3 - Prob. 1QCh. 20.3 - Prob. 6PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 7PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 8PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 9PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 10PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 11PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 12PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 13PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 14PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 15PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 16PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 17PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 18PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 19PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 20PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 2QCh. 20.3 - Prob. 21PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 22PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 23PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 24PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 25PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 26PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 27PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 28PCh. 20.4 - Prob. 12LCh. 20.4 - Prob. 29PCh. 20.4 - Prob. 30PCh. 20.4 - Prob. 31PCh. 20.4 - Prob. 32PCh. 20.5 - Prob. 13LCh. 20.5 - Prob. 33PCh. 20.5 - Prob. 34PCh. 20.6 - Distinguish among the modes of inheritance.
Ch. 20.6 - Prob. 15LCh. 20.6 - Prob. 35PCh. 20.6 - Prob. 36PCh. 20.6 - Prob. 37PCh. 20.6 - Prob. 1QCh. 20.6 - Prob. 38PCh. 20.6 - Prob. 39PCh. 20.6 - Compare the three modes of inheritance.
Ch. 20.6 - Prob. 41PCh. 20.6 - Prob. 42PCh. 20 - Prob. 1CACh. 20 - Prob. 2CACh. 20 - Prob. 3CACh. 20 - Prob. 4CACh. 20 - Prob. 5CACh. 20 - Prob. 6CACh. 20 - Prob. 7CACh. 20 - Prob. 8CACh. 20 - Prob. 9CACh. 20 - Prob. 10CACh. 20 - Prob. 11CACh. 20 - Prob. 12CACh. 20 - Prob. 13CACh. 20 - Prob. 14CACh. 20 - Prob. 15CACh. 20 - Prob. 16CACh. 20 - List hormones associated with pregnancy, and...Ch. 20 - Prob. 18CACh. 20 - Prob. 19CACh. 20 - Prob. 20CACh. 20 - Prob. 21CACh. 20 - Prob. 22CACh. 20 - Prob. 23CACh. 20 - Prob. 24CACh. 20 - Prob. 25CACh. 20 - Prob. 26CACh. 20 - Prob. 27CACh. 20 - What symptoms may appear if a newborn’s ductus...Ch. 20 - Prob. 2IACTCh. 20 - Prob. 3IACTCh. 20 - Prob. 4IACTCh. 20 - Prob. 5IACT
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