Foundations of Astronomy
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781305079151
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 20, Problem 12RQ
Describe three forms of erosion that cause slow evolution of Earth’s surface.
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The theory of plate tectonics states that Earth’s plates are always in motion. What geological evidence supports this statement?
The Hawaiian Islands have formed as the Pacific Plate moves northwestward over a hot spot of Earth’s interior that provides magma to form several volcanos. Explain what could happen if the Pacific Plate continues to move.
The Lithosphere is made of the two types of crust, denser oceanic crust and thicker conteniental crust, plus the upper rigid part of the mantle.
The Lithosphere float on the semi-liquid Asthenosphere. The Asthenosphere moves through a process known as convection. The convection form currents moving hotter less dense mantle toward the surface where it cools becomes denser and sinks.
Another name for the asthenosphere is the ?
Chapter 20 Solutions
Foundations of Astronomy
Ch. 20 - Why would you include the Moon in a comparison of...Ch. 20 - Prob. 2RQCh. 20 - Which is the most geologically active Terrestrial...Ch. 20 - In what ways is Earth unique among the Terrestrial...Ch. 20 - Which Terrestrial worlds have thin or no...Ch. 20 - Describe the four stages of Terrestrial planet...Ch. 20 - The Moon did not pass through all of the four...Ch. 20 - Earth shows few craters on its surface. What is...Ch. 20 - How do you know that Earth is differentiated?Ch. 20 - What keeps Earths interior warm today?
Ch. 20 - Lava flows today are examples of basin flooding....Ch. 20 - Describe three forms of erosion that cause slow...Ch. 20 - Prob. 13RQCh. 20 - Which type of seismic wave cannot pass through...Ch. 20 - Prob. 15RQCh. 20 - Which of the five Terrestrial worlds have bow...Ch. 20 - How is the root cause of earthquakes in Hawaii...Ch. 20 - What characteristics must Earths core have to...Ch. 20 - Which of the five Terrestrial worlds have plate...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20RQCh. 20 - How do island chains located in the centers of...Ch. 20 - What evidence can you give that the Atlantic Ocean...Ch. 20 - How are the inferred properties of Earths original...Ch. 20 - Prob. 24RQCh. 20 - Prob. 25RQCh. 20 - Life on Earth exists because of oxygen in Earths...Ch. 20 - Prob. 27RQCh. 20 - Prob. 28RQCh. 20 - Prob. 29RQCh. 20 - Prob. 30RQCh. 20 - Prob. 31RQCh. 20 - Prob. 32RQCh. 20 - Why would a decrease in the density of the ozone...Ch. 20 - How Do We Know? How can the flow of energy out of...Ch. 20 - Prob. 35RQCh. 20 - Prob. 1DQCh. 20 - Prob. 2DQCh. 20 - Prob. 3DQCh. 20 - Prob. 4DQCh. 20 - Prob. 5DQCh. 20 - Prob. 6DQCh. 20 - Look at Figure 19-3. The earthquake occurred 7440...Ch. 20 - Look at Figure 19-3. The lag time is the...Ch. 20 - What percentage of Earths volume is the metallic...Ch. 20 - How many magnetic pole reversals has Earth endured...Ch. 20 - If the Atlantic seafloor is spreading at 3.0...Ch. 20 - The Hawaiian-Emperor chain of undersea volcanoes...Ch. 20 - From Hawaii to the bend in the Hawaiian-Emperor...Ch. 20 - Prob. 9PCh. 20 - Prob. 1LTLCh. 20 - Look at the hemispheres of Earth shown on the two...Ch. 20 - Prob. 3LTLCh. 20 - Look at Figure 19-9. Rising from Earths surface to...Ch. 20 - Prob. 5LTLCh. 20 - What do you see in this photo that suggests heat...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Explain how continental crust and oceanic crust are like icebergs in water.arrow_forwardWhich type of seismic wave cannot pass through Earths core? What does that indicate about the composition of the core?arrow_forwardExplain briefly how the following phenomena happen on Earth, relating your answers to the theory of plate tectonics A. earthquakes B. continental drift C. mountain building D. volcanic eruptions E. creation of the Hawaiian island chainarrow_forward
- On what crustal plate is Los Angeles located, and in which direction is the plate moving?arrow_forwardDescribe an accurate method to measure the absolute motions of individual tectonic plates.arrow_forwardWhat do you see in this photo that suggests heat is flowing out of Earths interior?arrow_forward
- Earth's mass ia 6x10^24 kg and its radius is 6.4x10^6 m. What is the average mass density of Earth? The density of the rocks compromising Earth's outermost layer (its "crust") ranges from 2000 to 3500 kg/m ^3. Based on your answer, what can you conclude about the material deep inside Earth's interior?arrow_forwardDo you agree with the statement: The Earth is expanding, and the seafloor is created but never destroyed.? Explain.arrow_forwardAccording to the infographic above a recent magnitude 7.7 Earthquake was recorded in Los Angeles 2016. Earthquakes represent a release of energy as a result of the earth's tectonic plates. a) Determine the amount of energy release in ergs. b) Determine the energy release in Joules. ( Hint use the earthquake formula M = 2/3 log (E/ 10^11.8); where M is the earthquake magnitude and E is the energy of the earthquake in ergs (recall 1 erg = 10^-7 Joules))arrow_forward
- HEIGHT OF A CONTINENT ABOVE THE MANTLE. In the figure below, a simple model considers a continent as a block (density = 2,800 kg/m^3) floating in the mantle (density = 3,300 kg/m3). Assuming the continent is 35 km thick (the average thickness of the Earth's crust), estimate the height (in km) of the continent above the surrounding mantle. Continent (density = 2800 kg/m3) mg Mantle rock (density = 3300 kg/m³) 5.3. 7.4. 9.8 12. 17.arrow_forwardHow does physics apply to these geological processes (volcanic eruptions, mountain formation, deposition)? Please explain.arrow_forwardAccording to the infographic above, one of the largest earthquakes of this year 2021 was the magnitude 8.2 Earthquake in Alaska on 29 July 2021. Earthquakes represent a release of energy as a result of the earth's tectonic plates. a) Determine the amount of energy release in ergs. b) Determine the energy release in Joules. ( Hint use the earthquake formula M = 2/3 log (E/ 10^11.8); where M is the earthquake magnitude and E is the energy of the earthquake in ergs (recall 1 erg = 10^-7 Joules)). c) Using the earthquake magnitude scale below to qualitatively categorize (was it Minor, Light, Moderate, Strong, Major or Great) and describe the earthquake (what kind of damage is expected from a magnitude 7.1 earthquake)arrow_forward
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