The isotope 36 Cl is more reactive than 35 Cl and 37 Cl is to be explained. Also, the isotopes that are formed during the beta emission process of isotope decay and the nuclear equation that shows the respective decay process is to be determined. Concept Introduction: The radioactive isotopes are referred as unstable elements because they remain associated with large amount of nuclear energy. The elements that have atomic numbers less than 83 are able to remain in low energy that is they have stable isotopes whereas elements lie above atomic number 83, generally do not have stable isotopes, as they are radioactive isotopes. If the total number of nucleons of an element is a multiple of 2, then the given element will always form a stable isotope. But, if the given element is associated with an odd number of nucleons then the isotope formed by that element will have high energy state. The criteria of the odd-even rule is based on the spinning of both the protons and neutrons. The paired spin arrangement makes the nucleus stable due to the lower energy spin whereas the unpaired one usually increases the energy of the nucleus.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 20, Problem 125RQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The isotope 36Cl is more reactive than 35Cl and 37Cl is to be explained. Also, the isotopes that are formed during the beta emission process of isotope decay and the nuclear equation that shows the respective decay process is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The radioactive isotopes are referred as unstable elements because they remain associated with large amount of nuclear energy. The elements that have atomic numbers less than 83 are able to remain in low energy that is they have stable isotopes whereas elements lie above atomic number 83, generally do not have stable isotopes, as they are radioactive isotopes.

If the total number of nucleons of an element is a multiple of 2, then the given element will always form a stable isotope. But, if the given element is associated with an odd number of nucleons then the isotope formed by that element will have high energy state. The criteria of the odd-even rule is based on the spinning of both the protons and neutrons. The paired spin arrangement makes the nucleus stable due to the lower energy spin whereas the unpaired one usually increases the energy of the nucleus.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

32. Consider a two-state system in which the low energy level is 300 J mol 1 and the higher energy level is 800 J mol 1, and the temperature is 300 K. Find the population of each level. Hint: Pay attention to your units. A. What is the partition function for this system? B. What are the populations of each level? Now instead, consider a system with energy levels of 0 J mol C. Now what is the partition function? D. And what are the populations of the two levels? E. Finally, repeat the second calculation at 500 K. and 500 J mol 1 at 300 K. F. What do you notice about the populations as you increase the temperature? At what temperature would you expect the states to have equal populations?

30. We will derive the forms of the molecular partition functions for atoms and molecules shortly in class, but the partition function that describes the translational and rotational motion of a homonuclear diatomic molecule is given by Itrans (V,T) = = 2πmkBT h² V grot (T) 4π²IKBT h² Where h is Planck's constant and I is molecular moment of inertia. The overall partition function is qmolec Qtrans qrot. Find the energy, enthalpy, entropy, and Helmholtz free energy for the translational and rotational modes of 1 mole of oxygen molecules and 1 mole of iodine molecules at 50 K and at 300 K and with a volume of 1 m³. Here is some useful data: Moment of inertia: I2 I 7.46 x 10- 45 kg m² 2 O2 I 1.91 x 101 -46 kg m²

K for each reaction step. Be sure to account for all bond-breaking and bond-making steps. HI HaC Drawing Arrows! H3C OCH3 H 4 59°F Mostly sunny H CH3 HO O CH3 'C' CH3 Select to Add Arrows CH3 1 L H&C. OCH3 H H H H Select to Add Arrows Q Search Problem 30 of 20 H. H3C + :0: H CH3 CH3 20 H2C Undo Reset Done DELL