Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321967671
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece, Kelly A. Hogan
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 2, Problem 7SQ
Which of the following is not a
- a. Sugar (C6H12O6) and oxygen gas (O2) combine to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O).
- b. Sodium metal and chlorine gas unite to form sodium chloride.
- c. Hydrogen gas combines with oxygen gas to form water
- d. Ice melts to form liquid water.
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Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption
1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.
Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable)
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data
(b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data
c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data
(d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip
(e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
(f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo
3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L. Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values: t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%. Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug:
(a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate)
(b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax).
(c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax).
(d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L. (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L. Hint: based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.)
(e)…
Chapter 2 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (5th Edition)
Ch. 2 - An atom can be changed into an ion by adding or...Ch. 2 - If you change the number of _________, the atom...Ch. 2 - A nitrogen atom has 7 protons; and the most common...Ch. 2 - Why are radioactive isotopes useful as tracers in...Ch. 2 - What is chemically nonsensical about this...Ch. 2 - Why is it unlikely that two neighboring water...Ch. 2 - Which of the following is not a chemical reaction?...Ch. 2 - Some people in your study group say they dont...Ch. 2 - Explain how the unique properties of water result...Ch. 2 - Explain why it is unlikely that life could exist...
Ch. 2 - A can of cola consists mostly of sugar dissolved...Ch. 2 - Animals obtain energy through a series of chemical...Ch. 2 - Prob. 13PSCh. 2 - Interpreting Data As discussed in the text and...Ch. 2 - Critically evaluate this statement: Its paranoid...Ch. 2 - A major source of the CO2 that causes ocean...
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